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Papers by CANIO ALFIERI SABIA

Crop-marks are the most important proxy indicators of the presence of archaeological buried remai... more Crop-marks are the most important proxy indicators of the presence of archaeological buried remains. Their characteristics and information provided on human past depend on the nature of expected features, land use, meteorological parameters, soil and vegetation types. The interaction of these factors is crucial for the major and minor visibility of crop-marks over seasons. Hence, the need to improve the knowledge of ‘vegetation-mark phenomenology’ by a multi-temporal investigation. This can be based on a holistic approach jointly using aerial prospection, information on meteorological conditions and in situ survey of soil and vegetation. Today, the availability of low cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) makes this approach feasible, as discussed in this paper. Herein, a multitemporal analysis from March to October 2014 has been conducted on a test site selected in the Tavoliere delle Puglie. It is one of the richest European areas in archaeological crop-marks because of the long and intense human frequentation (from Neolithic to Modern Ages) and the geo-pedological conditions which favoured the preservation of crop marks. In particular, results from the aerial observations evidenced not only during the spring season the expected crop-marks, due to cultivation, but, also, in August and October, weed marks linked to spontaneous herbaceous mainly growing due to favoured meteorological conditions (especially rain). Outputs from our investigations revealed new insights on the characteristics archaeological vegetation marks in relation with vegetation types and meteorological conditions.

S. Giovanni (Ruoti, PZ): la freccia indica la posizione della villa romana, su un versante in fra... more S. Giovanni (Ruoti, PZ): la freccia indica la posizione della villa romana, su un versante in frana attivatosi nel IV secolo d. C. Nel Paesaggio culturale rientra anche la comunità, che è attratta dal luogo ed esprime il desiderio di custodirlo e valorizzarlo. S. Giovanni (Ruoti, PZ): the arrow marks the position of the Roman villa, on a slope sliding down in the IV century A. D. In the Cultural landscape there are also peoples, attracted by place and wishful to guard and develop the site. Abstract *

Lo studio multidisciplinare del paesaggio ha l'obiettivo di mettere in evidenza, attraverso una l... more Lo studio multidisciplinare del paesaggio ha l'obiettivo di mettere in evidenza, attraverso una lettura multiscala e multitemporale, lo sviluppo e l'evoluzione dei processi di trasformazione naturale ed antropica dei diversi contesti presi in esame, riconoscendone i caratteri comuni e le diversità strutturali. Un tale approccio non può prescindere dall'individuazione delle dinamiche insediative e delle trasformazioni socio-economiche di lunga durata, nonché dall'analisi diacronica delle vocazioni specifiche ambientali e dai processi morfoevolutivi del territorio. In un tale ambito disciplinare l'IBAM, grazie anche alla diversificazione delle professionalità presenti nel proprio organico, nell'ultimo decennio ha realizzato numerosi studi e progetti di carattere regionale ed interregionale avvalendosi di metodi di indagine tradizionali ed innovativi nel settore archeologico (ricognizioni e scavi, paleobotanica, archeozoologia, archeometria), geoarcheologico (geologia, paleontologia, geomorfologia, pedologia applicate a siti di scavo archeologico o ad aree insediative storiche con la valutazione dell'interazione con pericolosità geologiche e processi morfoevolutivi presenti e passati), e storico agrario (analisi degli aspetti economici legati allo sfruttamento agro-pastorale più recente del territorio, la vocazionalità agricola e la ricostruzione dei caratteri storici del paesaggio rurale nei territori).

Rivista di irrigazione e drenaggio, 2001

inhabitants. Its inevitable transfiguration, on which the meeting with the human dimension acts d... more inhabitants. Its inevitable transfiguration, on which the
meeting with the human dimension acts deeply, was
fortunately captured and immortalized by the artists in
different forms during the centuries. Data relating to the
metamorphoses more or less evident of landscapes are
actually traced in the works of art, mostly in paintings,
drawings , engravings and travel diaries, which, therefore,
turn out to be functional to the recognition and to the
diachronic study of identity characters of a specific location.
During the reading of this kind of information , the
comparison between technical and humanistic skills generates
a productive interdisciplinary approach, particularly suitable
to the identification and, therefore, to the understanding of
the historical, cultural and environmental traceable data.
The artistic representations, in some cases, prove to be so
useful for the definition of the local character of an area,
knowledge of which increases the strategic importance for the
formulation of plans and management guidelines and
safeguards that comply with the vocations and peculiarities of
the places. In this paper we report the studies of the evolutive
stages of some territories , recognized thanks to the
observation of landscapes as they have been immortalized in
the works of art. The fundamental characteristic elements
then have been compared with current events.

The gradual depopulation of internal and mountainous rural areas is today one of the main causes ... more The gradual depopulation of internal and mountainous rural
areas is today one of the main causes of the continuos (or
incessant) and inexorable loss of cultural identity of an area.
Moreover, the resulting scarcity or absence of landscape
"keeper" in these areas promotes additional mechanisms of
gradual impoverishment of the social and economic structure.
Due to the above mentioned causes, any form of
environmental protection and cultural or territorial planning
loses its consistency and usefulness, causing drastic change
of 'appropriate land use'. Thus, we are frequently now
powerless witnesses with regard to primarily the different
forms of waterproofing of agricultural land or forest, as the
widespread urbanization in rural areas and large wind
turbines or photovoltaic installations occupying land
previously cultivated or wooded areas.
Evidently, this kind of phenomena is still active, although l
about 41% of Italian territory has been submitted to this
serious problem of land consumption. It is really necessary to
promote new economic, but not only, criteria to avoid
widespread problems of land use consumption and make
more effective regulatory framework for its protection and
encourage a more appropriate land use planning
corresponding to local vocations.

The multidisciplinary study of the landscape aims to highlight, through a multi-scale and multi-t... more The multidisciplinary study of the landscape aims to highlight, through a multi-scale and multi-temporal reading, the
development and evolution of processes of natural and anthropogenic transformation in the different contexts examined, recognizing their common characteristics and structural differences. Such an approach cannot be separated from the identification of settlement dynamics and social-economic changes of long duration, nor from diachronic analysis of specific vocations and evolutive processes of the territory. In the study area, which includes the land around Castel Lagopesole, was carried out an archaeological and topographic research about settlements and their lands in the XIII and XIV century (§ 1.-2., by S. Del Lungo); a structural analysis of the rural landscape and a comparison between ancient and current intended use of the soil (§ 3., by C. A.
Sabia). The aim is to bring out the elements of the historical landscape of merit and to propose appropriate criteria for planning for their protection and local economic development (§ 4., by C. Pacella).

Books by CANIO ALFIERI SABIA

Il logo in copertina, utilizzato come logo u ciale del sentiero del culto, è stato tratto e modi ... more Il logo in copertina, utilizzato come logo u ciale del sentiero del culto, è stato tratto e modi cato da una miniatura di Pietro e Floriano Villola, Cronaca di Bologna (secolo XV). Esso è simbolo rappresentativo della gura del pellegrino medievale munito di bordone e bisaccia, suoi inseparabili compagni di viaggio. Bastoni di diversa foggia e grandezza erano d'aiuto nel cammino e utili come strumenti da difesa. La schiavina si a ermò solo a partire dal XII secolo e, subito dopo, si di use l'uso del cappello a larghe tese, che riparava dal sole anche le spalle. e logo on the cover, used as the o cial logo of the path of cult, was adapted and modi ed by a miniature of Pietro e Floriano Villola, Cronaca di Bologna (secolo XV). It is a representing symbol of the gure of the medieval pilgrim equipped with the drone and the saddlebag his inseparable companions. Sticks of di erent shapes and sizes were in the way of help and useful as tools to defense. e Schiavina asserted only from the twel h century, and soon a er, spread the use of wide-brimmed hat, which sheltered from the sun even the shoulders.

Conference Presentations by CANIO ALFIERI SABIA

Since the end of the nineteenth century, aerial photography has been the remote sensing tool most... more Since the end of the nineteenth century, aerial photography has been the remote sensing tool most widely used in archaeology for surveying both surface and sub-surface archaeological remains. Aerial photography was a real " revolution " in archaeology being an excellent tool for investigations addressed at detecting underground archaeological structures through the reconnaissance of the so-called " archaeological marks " generally grouped and named as "soil","crop marks" " snow marks " , and also recently " weed marks ". The current availability of very high resolution satellite data provides an excellent tool to detect and monitor archaeological marks, namely spectral and spatial anomalies linked to the presence of buried archaeological remains from a global view down to a local scale, i.e. form landscape archaeology to single site investigations. This paper deals with the investigations we conducted through multi-date Google Earth pictures and ground survey to assess the visibility of crop mark in different seasons and with different vegetation covers. The area of interest is the Province of Foggia (South of Italy) selected mainly for the presence of traces of Neolithic civilization and characterized by a long human frequentation, from the neolithic age, to roman and medieval time. The preliminary results we obtained provide new insight in the investigations addressed to crop mark visibility and interpretation, also taking into account the drainage capacity of the various portions of land in different periods of the year.

Rivista di irrigazione e drenaggio, 2001