jane freedman | Université de Paris (original) (raw)

Papers by jane freedman

Social Inclusion , 2024

This article is based on the experience of carrying out research with young refugee women in Durb... more This article is based on the experience of carrying out research with young refugee women in Durban, South Africa. We reflect on the possibilities of co-producing knowledge in a situation of widely asymmetrical power relations where the young women with whom we were interacting were located in situations of economic, legal, and social vulnerability, and when their major concern was to find money for basic survival. The premise behind our research was to produce data and knowledge that could be used to improve services for these young refugee women and to lobby for change in policies that would also improve their life situations. Our article reflects on this ambition and the possibilities of co-producing knowledge that could improve these young women's lives, our interactions with the young refugee women, and with the CSO that offers them support and with whom we partnered to organize our data collection. We also analyse the different positionalities of various members of the research team and how these impacted the data collection and knowledge production processes. The article aims to provide a critical assessment of the ways in which knowledge production may or may not be a liberatory practice and the conditions within which true co-production of knowledge is possible. We ask whether it is, in fact, possible to co-produce knowledge when working with people in vulnerable situations such as the women refugees in our project. As academics, how may we learn from our failures to try and move forward with more truly inclusive and equitable research that challenges epistemic oppression?

Preventing HIV Among Young People in Southern and Eastern Africa, 2020

Handbook on Global Social Justice

This presentation provides an overview of initiatives addressing gender equity and social justice... more This presentation provides an overview of initiatives addressing gender equity and social justice based on empowering individuals through media and information. Details of The Motherscholar Project (www.motherscholar.org) and The Consortium of Gender Scholars (www.gen-con.org) were highlighted.

Routledge eBooks, Jan 6, 2023

International Journal of Gender, Sexuality and Law

This article will explore the relationship between sex work and the law in four Southern African ... more This article will explore the relationship between sex work and the law in four Southern African countries – Madagascar, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe – to shed light on the persistent barriers to promoting the rights and security of sex workers. In these countries, as across Southern Africa, criminal laws on sex work introduced by colonial powers have profoundly shaped contemporary societal attitudes towards sex work and women who sell sex. More recently, the question of sex work has often been linked to HIV and AIDS and decriminalisation has been promoted as part of a wider strategy to protect ‘key populations’, including sex workers, who are perceived as being at greater risk of HIV infection. Based on our research with young women engaged in selling sex, we found that repression continues in various forms within and outside of the law. Though sex work is no longer fully criminalised in most countries in the region, the relics of the colonial past permeate contemporary norms an...

Comparative Migration Studies

There is a paucity of scholarship examining the situated vulnerabilities of young women refugees ... more There is a paucity of scholarship examining the situated vulnerabilities of young women refugees who are either born in (second generation) or young children/adolescents on arrival in their host country (“1.5 generation”) and how these may impact intergenerational vulnerability or resilience. Based on qualitative research carried out in eThekwini (formerly known as Durban), South Africa amongst young women refugees (18–24 years) we highlight the issue of “inherited vulnerability”, examining how vulnerabilities can be transmitted across the refugee generations due to legal, economic and social structures which produce and maintain situations of inequality, rendering young women vulnerable to violence, exploitation and negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Ending the legal limbo in which they live and ensuring access to education and employment opportunities would help break the cycle of intergenerational precarity and support resilience of these young women as they transi...

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2021

Resumen: En este texto se propone abordar, mediante un diálogo entre dos estudios de casos, la cu... more Resumen: En este texto se propone abordar, mediante un diálogo entre dos estudios de casos, la cuestión de las condiciones de producción de la violencia sexual contra las mujeres ilegalizadas en las fronteras de Europa. Sobre la base del ejemplo de las islas de Lesbos y Kos (Grecia) estudiado por Jane Freedman y el de Nador (Marruecos) por Elsa Tyszler, la principal idea desarrollada es que las políticas migratorias europeas refuerzan la violencia contra las mujeres en migración/exilio y en particular la violencia sexual. Estudios cualitativos de las condiciones de la aparición y del mantenimiento de esa violencia en las fronteras, con las mujeres afectadas, lo demuestran. In Género y movilidades: Lecturas feministas de la migración, A. Cortés & J. Manjarrez eds., Peter Lang (pp.355-374)

Springer eBooks, 2022

This chapter is based on a critical analysis of the political discourse on GBV and migration in F... more This chapter is based on a critical analysis of the political discourse on GBV and migration in France and assesses the processes through which culturalist framings have contributed to the racialisation of the issue and the stigmatisation of migrants. Within state-sponsored reports, notably by the French inter-ministerial mission for the protection of women victims of violence, GBV in migration contexts tends to be equated with forced marriage, female genital mutilation (FGM) and trafficking, whilst there have been recent proposals to introduce measures for the immediate deportation of foreign men guilty of GBV, feeding into the perception that GBV is first and foremost a foreign import. We argue that these culturalist framings of GBV result in a neglect of the deeper structural and systemic causes of violence and that they contribute to the circulation of racist, Islamophobic and anti-migration rhetoric within the French political space.

Springer eBooks, 2022

This chapter offers a study of women seeking asylum in France to analyse the specific challenges ... more This chapter offers a study of women seeking asylum in France to analyse the specific challenges to health and well-being that arise at the crossroad of migration and gender. We seek to foreground the voices and experiences of women asylum seekers to highlight the continuum of violence which they face and the precarity induced through the denial of access to services, and the continued enforced precarity they experience once they have arrived in France. Migrant women have unequal access to healthcare services and services for survivors of violence owing to different entitlements attached to precarious administrative statuses, and policies of planned neglect of migrant welfare. We focus on the experiences recounted by five young women to demonstrate the continuum of gendered violence that characterises their trajectories, from the motives of their flight, to the risks faced en route, to the conditions encountered in France.

Gender-Based Violence in Migration

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2022

With contributions from a diverse array of international scholars, this edited volume offers a re... more With contributions from a diverse array of international scholars, this edited volume offers a renewed understanding of gender-based violence (GBV) by examining its social and political dimensions in migration contexts. This book engages micro, meso, and macro levels of analysis by foregrounding a conceptualization of GBV that addresses both its interpersonal and structural causes. Chapters explore how GBV frameworks and migration management intersect, bringing to the forefront the specific inequalities these intersections produce for migrant women. Drawing upon several disciplines, the authors engage in co-writing a critical engagement which proposes an original understanding of how the concepts of intersectionality, vulnerability and precarity speak to each other from a feminist perspective. This volume will be of interest to scholars/researchers and policymakers in Gender Studies, Migration and Refugee Studies, Sociology, Political Science, Trauma Studies, Human Rights and Socio-Legal Studies.

Comparative Migration Studies , 2023

There is a paucity of scholarship examining the situated vulnerabilities of young women refugees ... more There is a paucity of scholarship examining the situated vulnerabilities of young women refugees who are either born in (second generation) or young children/adolescents on arrival in their host country ("1.5 generation") and how these may impact intergenerational vulnerability or resilience. Based on qualitative research carried out in eThekwini (formerly known as Durban), South Africa amongst young women refugees (18-24 years) we highlight the issue of "inherited vulnerability", examining how vulnerabilities can be transmitted across the refugee generations due to legal, economic and social structures which produce and maintain situations of inequality, rendering young women vulnerable to violence, exploitation and negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Ending the legal limbo in which they live and ensuring access to education and employment opportunities would help break the cycle of intergenerational precarity and support resilience of these young women as they transition to adulthood in South Africa.

Social Sciences

The recent arrival of refugees from Ukraine has thrown into sharp focus the racialised colonial u... more The recent arrival of refugees from Ukraine has thrown into sharp focus the racialised colonial underpinnings of the French asylum and refugee system, as the open-door welcome afforded to Ukrainians, supposedly “closer” to the French population, highlights the rejection and marginalisation of “others” who seek refuge in the country. The current situation lays bare not only the “double standards” applied to refugees depending on their country of origin and race, but also the colonial foundations of the French asylum system as a whole. This might be seen as particularly significant in a country where even within academic research on asylum and refugees the racial and colonial foundations of the current system are rarely mentioned, and where the principle of Republican universalism has been consistently used to both hide and justify racialised and gendered forms of inequality and discrimination. In this contribution we wish to explore the ways in which the coloniality of the French asy...

ThisAbstract: The recent arrival of refugees from Ukraine has thrown into sharp focus the raciali... more ThisAbstract: The recent arrival of refugees from Ukraine has thrown into sharp focus the racialised
colonial underpinnings of the French asylum and refugee system, as the open-door welcome af-
forded to Ukrainians, supposedly “closer” to the French population, highlights the rejection and
marginalisation of “others” who seek refuge in the country. The current situation lays bare not only
the “double standards” applied to refugees depending on their country of origin and race, but also
the colonial foundations of the French asylum system as a whole. This might be seen as particularly
significant in a country where even within academic research on asylum and refugees the racial
and colonial foundations of the current system are rarely mentioned, and where the principle of
Republican universalism has been consistently used to both hide and justify racialised and gendered
forms of inequality and discrimination. In this contribution we wish to explore the ways in which the
coloniality of the French asylum system works to deny exiled women access to welfare and social
services, creating systems of racialised and gendered violence against them. We highlight the ways
in which the State not only neglects these women, but actively contributes to violence through its
racialised neo-liberal policies. The withdrawal of access to welfare and social services, including
housing, welfare payments or health services, all form a part of this system of structural violence
which leads to increasing levels of harm. Based on ethnographic research carried out in the Paris
region, our article aims to emphasise that the structural production of gendered violence, particularly
sexual violence against racialised exiled women, illustrates the coloniality of the asylum system and
more broadly of the migration regime, which manifests itself in policies of exclusion, neglect and
endangerment—including death. article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Dominant representations of wars and armed conflicts in political and popular discourse establish... more Dominant representations of wars and armed conflicts in political and popular discourse establish a dichotomy between male combatants and actors of violence, and women, passive victims of violence during conflict. But if it remains true that national armies are still in their majority male (even though more and more armies allow and even encourage female soldiers), it is important not to ignore the active roles played by women in com-bat, and the violent acts that they may perpetrate, including sexual and gender-based violence against other women. The invisibility of this reality of violent women can be explained by the very masculine norms of militarism, but also by a reluctance from some feminists to talk about this violence. Feminist researchers may find it difficult to talk about the women’s violence because even if one rejects the idea that women are essentially more peaceful or more empathetic than men, it is sometimes difficult to reconcile a critique of war and “militarized ...

The Lancet, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has deepened inequities and undermined health, human rights, and gender equ... more The COVID-19 pandemic has deepened inequities and undermined health, human rights, and gender equality for forcibly displaced populations The ongoing pandemic has also exposed persisting power hierarchies between researchers and forcibly displaced populations These populations experience power asymmetries in their position as the so-called beneficiaries of humanitarian research and action, and are often excluded from participation in decision making about the research intended to benefit their communities Forcibly displaced women and girls are consistently categorised as vulnerable and needing protection or rescuing, which takes away their agency and power of action, while risking exploitation or abuse by the same humanitarian actors that supposedly aim to protect them We believe that applying a feminist lens is not merely about demolishing problematic structures, but also about collaboratively building up new ones for a more just world (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

World Development, 2021

Abstract This article aims to explore the social and economic determinants of transactional sexua... more Abstract This article aims to explore the social and economic determinants of transactional sexual (TS) relationships in Madagascar, to explain the normalisation of this type of relationship amongst young women, and the increasing involvement of young men. We aim to contribute to existing research on TS by showing the complexities of the meanings and pathways into TS which are not limited to economic necessity, and the blurred boundaries between TS and other forms of sexual exchange. We will argue that for young women in Madagascar engaging in TS is a choice which is constrained by structures of poverty and wider gender inequality, structures which lead to the transformation of traditional gender norms within a wider globalised economy of sexual exchange. These highly unequal structures can further be argued to perpetuate and reproduce various forms of violence both through the modification of traditions and customs, and within newer forms of TS relationships such as those with foreign men. Whilst it might seem an impossible task to address all these determinants of TS relationships in Madagascar in order to reduce the constraints and violence exercised against these young women, their situation could be improved through better programmes and services addressing their needs, and particularly their sexual and reproductive health needs.

Http Revuesshs U Bourgogne Fr Dissidences, Jun 22, 2011

Persecutions des femmes est un titre accrocheur, renvoyant a la mediatisation/denonciation des vi... more Persecutions des femmes est un titre accrocheur, renvoyant a la mediatisation/denonciation des violences envers les femmes. Vu la masse de l'ouvrage (plus de 600 pages), on pense avoir affaire a une somme si ce n'est definitive en tout cas resumant a un moment precis l'ensemble des vexations, violences, pressions faites a l'encontre de ce que Mao definissait comme « la moitie du ciel ». L'introduction laisse presager de bonnes reflexions concernant les mecanismes de violence et le statut des femmes, dans differentes societes tant europeennes qu'africaines ou sud-americaines . Les auteurs avancent meme le terme de persecution « genree », une vision croisee finalement d'un statut et d'un genre sexuel. On s'attend donc a beaucoup, on se dit enfin que la question de la femme va etre reevaluee et helas la chute n'en est que plus terrible. L'ouvrage est compose de differents articles dont la plupart helas sont maladroits dans l'approche de la question a notre sens. Les premieres pages ne sont que chiffres, pourcentages, en fait une visee quasi scientiste de la question, le tout plaque sur des argumentaires sociologiques pauvres. Il y a une volonte de faire universitaire en noyant sous les chiffres le lecteur pour masquer une certaine indigence dans l'argumentaire. On enfonce des portes ouvertes : on souligne que la condition de la femme est d'autant plus precaire qu'il y a

Social Inclusion , 2024

Preventing HIV Among Young People in Southern and Eastern Africa, 2020

Handbook on Global Social Justice

Routledge eBooks, Jan 6, 2023

International Journal of Gender, Sexuality and Law

Comparative Migration Studies

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2021

Springer eBooks, 2022

Gender-Based Violence in Migration

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2022

Comparative Migration Studies , 2023

There is a paucity of scholarship examining the situated vulnerabilities of young women refugees ... more There is a paucity of scholarship examining the situated vulnerabilities of young women refugees who are either born in (second generation) or young children/adolescents on arrival in their host country ("1.5 generation") and how these may impact intergenerational vulnerability or resilience. Based on qualitative research carried out in eThekwini (formerly known as Durban), South Africa amongst young women refugees (18-24 years) we highlight the issue of "inherited vulnerability", examining how vulnerabilities can be transmitted across the refugee generations due to legal, economic and social structures which produce and maintain situations of inequality, rendering young women vulnerable to violence, exploitation and negative sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Ending the legal limbo in which they live and ensuring access to education and employment opportunities would help break the cycle of intergenerational precarity and support resilience of these young women as they transition to adulthood in South Africa.

Social Sciences

The Lancet, 2021

World Development, 2021

Http Revuesshs U Bourgogne Fr Dissidences, Jun 22, 2011

Palgrave Macmillan, 2022

This volume will be of interest to scholars/researchers and policymakers in Gender Studies, Migration and Refugee Studies, Sociology, Political Science, Trauma Studies, Human Rights and Socio-Legal Studies.

A Gendered Approach to the Syrian Refugee Crisis examines women’s experience at all stages of for... more A Gendered Approach to the Syrian Refugee Crisis examines women’s experience at all stages of forced migration, from the conflict in Syria, to refugee camps in Lebanon or Turkey, on the journey to the European Union and on arrival in an EU member state. The book deals with women’s experiences, the changing nature of gender relations during forced migration, gendered representations of refugees, and the ways in which EU policies may impact differently on men and women. The book provides a nuanced and complex assessment of the refugee crisis, and shows the importance of analysing differences within the refugee population.
Introduction: Gender, Migration and Exile Jane Freedman, Zeynep Kivilcim, Nurcan Ozgur Baklacıoğlu
Destabilising Gender Dynamics: Syria Post 2011 Nour Abu-Assab
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transsexual (LGBT) Syrian Refugees in Turkey Zeynep Kivilcim
The Violence of Tolerated Temporarity: Syrian Women Refugees on the Outskirts of Istanbul Nurcan Ozgur Baklacıoğlu
"Trust no one, beware of everyone": Vulnerabilities of LGBTI refugees in Lebanon Henri Myrttinen, Lana Khattab, Charbel Maydaa
Gender, Social Class, and Exile: The case of Syrian women in Cairo Maysa Ayoub
Death at Sea: migration and the gendered dimensions of border insecurity Sharon Pickering and Rebecca Powell
Women’s experience of forced migration: gender-based forms of insecurity and the uses of "vulnerability" Jane Freedman
Gender Performativity in Diaspora: Syrian Refugee Women in the UK Nof Nasser-Eddin
Aggressor, Victim, Soldier, Dad: Intersecting Masculinities in the European ‘Refugee Crisis’ Jennifer Allsopp
Conclusions

El concepto de vulnerabilidad se ha convertido en el centro de la legislación y la política europ... more El concepto de vulnerabilidad se ha convertido en el centro de la legislación y la política europeas de asilo y refugio en los últimos años. La adopción de medidas especiales diseñadas para ofrecer una mayor protección a los solicitantes de asilo vulnerables puede considerarse un paso positivo. Ahora bien, la forma en que se ha definido la vulnerabilidad es cuestionable. Con demasiada frecuencia, la vulnerabilidad se reduce a una categorización simplista y esencializada, que también es altamente generizada y racializada. Las mujeres son clasificadas como "vulnerables" a priori, sin una consideración real de las causas estructurales y contextuales de esta vulnerabilidad. Si bien ser clasificado como "vulnerable" puede aumentar las posibilidades de protección dentro de los sistemas de asilo y refugio de la UE, los impactos en quienes son clasificados como vulnerables pueden ser sentidos como formas de violencia simbólica que reducen la agencia y la autonomía. En base a entrevistas con solicitantes de asilo y refugiados, así como en un análisis de las recientes directivas de asilo de la UE, este artículo propone repensar los usos de la vulnerabilidad en las políticas de asilo de la UE para proporcionar una mejor protección al tiempo que reconozcan la agencia y la autonomía de los solicitantes de asilo y de los refugiados.

The border as a subject of study has given rise to numerous interdisciplinary works producing ric... more The border as a subject of study has given rise to numerous interdisciplinary works producing rich analyses of the material, social and discursive forms produced by migration control. Although half of the people crossing borders are women, few studies have incorporated a gender perspective. Yet gender is an analytical tool that highlights different social, cultural, economic, spatial, political and legal declinations of the border. In this workshop, we will focus our attention on the gendered dynamics of the governance of mobility, without excluding the other relations of domination that are consubstantial with gender.
In order to understand what gender can bring to the study of borders, this two-day workshop proposes to bring together doctoral students and young researchers from around the world whose work questions the social relations of domination in an intersectional way. We seek to question the specific implications of migration policies on the experience of differently gendered individuals and social groups at external and internal borders:
- How do gender relations impact migration? How do gender dynamics change the ways in which people cross borders from one country to another? What gendered relations of domination are woven between the different actors operating at borders, whether they are custodians of authority, social workers, or smugglers?
- How do migration policies govern, across borders, not only access to national territory, but also to rights? How are these logics of control gendered? How do these gendered borders operate to determine the inclusion or exclusion of certain populations?

La frontière, en tant qu’objet d’étude, a fait émerger de nombreux travaux interdisciplinaires pr... more La frontière, en tant qu’objet d’étude, a fait émerger de nombreux travaux interdisciplinaires produisant de riches analyses des formes matérielles, sociales et discursives produites par le contrôle migratoire. Bien que la moitié des personnes qui les traversent soient des femmes, peu d’études ont intégré une perspective centrée sur les rapports sociaux de genre pour les analyser. Or, le genre est un outil d’analyse qui met en lumière différentes déclinaisons de la frontière au niveau social, culturel, économique, spatial, politique et juridique. Avec cette journée d’étude, nous portons notre attention aux ressorts genrés de la gouvernance des mobilités, sans pour autant exclure les autres rapports de domination qui lui sont consubstantiels.
Pour comprendre ce que le genre peut apporter à l’étude des frontières, ce séminaire propose de rassembler doctorants, jeunes chercheurs.ses et chercheurs.ses internationaux dont les travaux interrogent de manière intersectionnelle les rapports sociaux de domination. Nous chercherons à questionner les implications spécifiques des politiques migratoires sur l’expérience des personnes et des groupes sociaux de genre différents aux frontières externes et internes :
-Comment les rapports sociaux de sexe impactent les migrations ? En quoi les dynamiques de genre modifient-elles les manières de traverser la frontière d’un pays à un autre ? Quels rapports de domination genrés se tissent entre les différents acteurs qui interviennent aux frontières, qu’il s’agisse de dépositaires de l’autorité, de travailleurs sociaux, ou de passeurs ?
-Comment les politiques migratoires régissent, à travers les frontières, non seulement l’accès au territoire national, mais également aux droits ? En quoi ces logiques de contrôle sont-elles genrées ? Comment ces frontières genrées opèrent-elles pour déterminer l’inclusion ou l’exclusion de certaines populations?

Inscription :
En raison de la situation sanitaire, le séminaire aura lieu à distance : un lien sera envoyé à celles/ ceux qui souhaiteront suivre les échanges et participer. Pour des raisons d’organisation, le lien de la Visio-conférence ne sera envoyé qu’aux personnes qui se seront inscrites sur le lien suivant :
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/billets-le-genre-de-la-frontiere-programme-gemifro-120501195319

Género y movilidades: Lecturas feministas de la migración (Peter Lang), 2021

In Género y movilidades: Lecturas feministas de la migración, A. Cortés & J. Manjarrez eds., Peter Lang (pp.355-374)

The Conversation

Depuis l’invasion de l’Ukraine par le régime de Vladimir Poutine, en 18 jours de guerre, plus de ... more Depuis l’invasion de l’Ukraine par le régime de Vladimir Poutine, en 18 jours de guerre, plus de 3 millions de réfugiés ont quitté le pays. La Pologne, la Moldavie et la Roumanie s’organisent pour les accueillir, les associations se mobilisent, la société civile s’engage. L’Union européenne active une directive de 2001, jamais utilisée auparavant, qui permet d’accorder un statut de protection temporaire pour garantir un accès rapide aux droits : un droit au séjour, l’accès au marché du travail, l’accès au logement, l’aide sociale et l’aide médicale.

Palgrave Macmillan , 2022

Palgrave Macmillan, 2022

Migrations Société , 2024

Cette contribution propose une approche intersectionnelle des frontières en examinant comment les... more Cette contribution propose une approche intersectionnelle des frontières en examinant comment les dynamiques de genre, de classe et de race, notamment, modifient la manière dont les individus franchissent les frontières internationales, et comment les frontières internes (sociales, administratives, symboliques), bien qu’immatérielles, affectent les expériences des personnes migrantes. Cet article s’appuie sur les recherches présentées dans le livre The Gender of Borders. Embodied Narratives of Migration, Violence and Agency (Routledge, 2023). L’article souligne la nécessité d’une recherche empirique approfondie et « incarnée » pour déceler les rapports de pouvoir qui façonnent les frontières contemporaines. Le texte met en lumière les inégalités et les violences genrées produites par les régimes migratoires contemporains, mais aussi les formes de résistance qui leur sont opposées. Nous nous proposons également de déconstruire plusieurs figures genrées de la migration que les espaces frontaliers cristallisent. Enfin, nous nous intéressons à ce que les politiques d’aide aux personnes dites « vulnérables » produisent au croisement des rapports de genre et des régimes de migration et d’asile.