Laurence Garcia | Cebu Normal University (original) (raw)

Papers by Laurence Garcia

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

This study aims to provide understanding on how certain factors lead to the formation of clusters... more This study aims to provide understanding on how certain factors lead to the formation of clusters of areas of COVID-19 dispersion to guide policy decisions and government actions. It utilized an ecological study design which analyzes data at the population or group level. The units of observation are the barangays in Cebu City. These barangays are the nodes in the network and the edge considered is the presence of areas of convergence. In order to identify the nodes for this study, data mining was done to get the number of reported COVID-19 cases in Cebu City from the Cebu City Health Office as of May 23, 2020. Only thirty-nine (39) barangays with COVID-19 cases were included in the study. Results revealed that although public and private transportation is controlled during the implementation of Enhanced Community Quarantine, it is assumed that the spread started prior to implementation of strict prohibitions which led to the rise of cases later on. Even at the time of the strict co...

Health is both a personal and social responsibility. But the common man fails to realize his duti... more Health is both a personal and social responsibility. But the common man fails to realize his duties regarding healthcare stragies. Each year worldwide 10.6 million children die under the age of five (Razum and Breckenkamp, 2007). This study determined the factors that significantly influenced child mortality rates globally. Data mining was utilized and profiling of the countries was done based on country's characteristics namely: health workforce density, population density, geographical location, total health expenditure, national average income per capita and immunization status. In order to determine the significant factors affecting child mortality rate, multiple regression was used. Minitab was used to process the data. The results of the study revealed that among all the factors, health workforce density, geographical location and immunization status exert significant influence on child mortality rate. Child mortality rate can be determined by health service delivery (heal...

&quot;Discipline in the Filipino culture is often carried out as a corporal punishment, i... more &quot;Discipline in the Filipino culture is often carried out as a corporal punishment, if carried to the extreme would constitute as an abusive situation. The study sought to make an accurate picture of the abusive situation. Utilizing documentary research, data were gathered and profiling was done by computing the percentages. Results of the study revealed that the greater incidence of child abuse occurs most commonly in female children between the ages 12 – 18 years old, in low socio-economic families and to parents whose highest educational attainment were high school level. These abuses lasted for 1 – 5 years before it was reported to the proper authorities for intervention. Furthermore, the most common perpetrators of the abuses were the male neighbors followed by the female neighbors and the cohabiting husband; adults whom the parent/s entrust the care of their children. The study further revealed that the most common form of abuse was physical abuse in the form of hitting, followed by child-rape, spousal abuse in the presence of the child and verbal assault, respectively. It was concluded that child abuse damages the child not only physically but also psychologically. Furthermore, the parents’ low socio-economic status contributes to the stress and trauma of the child and finally, part of the problem in abuse is the witnesses’ unwillingness to get involved in the earliest possible time. The researcher recommends public education, creation of a crisis intervention program, and undertaking of a parallel study to identify the type of abuse at specific age group, examination of a ten-year data and establishment of the dynamics of abuse. Keywords: child abuse, abused, abuser, profile &quot;

ABSTRACTOlder workers are staying in their jobs longer and are compelled to find a new job, accor... more ABSTRACTOlder workers are staying in their jobs longer and are compelled to find a new job, according to a report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.Today, more older workers are in the labor force (Weller, 2009). This study aims to discoverthe factors affecting an older person’s readiness for retirement, considering the different aspects of a human being: physical, social, emotional, financial, and spiritual. The inductive approach to theory development was used to create a theory to explain the occurrence of the phenomenon observed. A readiness for retirement test was used to determine their readiness to retire. Data were randomly collected from working older persons with ages 50 – 65. It was analyzed using cluster analysis, clustering the data into three aided by Minitab. Results revealed that older persons, ages 56 – 60, married, Roman Catholics, with white collar jobs, living with a dependent child, with an average monthly income of Php 20, 001 – 30, 000, working for 26 – 30 y...

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Understanding young inmates’ experiences are essential since their lives have been shaped by the ... more Understanding young inmates’ experiences are essential since their lives have been shaped by the impact of social exclusion. This study aimed to explore the meaning of the lived experiences of young adults inside the prison system. The phenomenological inquiry was utilized, which is grounded in Martin Heidegger’s philosophy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 to 29-year-old inmates incarcerated for at least one year. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis, four themes emerged: An Unfamiliar Melody (with two subthemes: Humming with Frustrations and Tunes of Solitude); The Eyes Outside the Cage; Turning Over a New Feather; and If My Wings Unclipped. The “songs” of the caged bird tell about the “meanings” of restricted freedom--from being able to dip its wings in the orange sun rays down to being tied in chains. Being held inside a prison limits a person from experiencing life as they should. Opportunities to soar high were taken away. The consequences caused t...

Frontiers in Education

The study explored the challenges and issues in teaching and learning continuity of public higher... more The study explored the challenges and issues in teaching and learning continuity of public higher education in the Philippines as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study employed the exploratory mixed-method triangulation design and analyzed the data gathered from 3, 989 respondents composed of students and faculty members. It was found out that during school lockdowns, the teachers made adjustments in teaching and learning designs guided by the policies implemented by the institution. Most of the students had difficulty complying with the learning activities and requirements due to limited or no internet connectivity. Emerging themes were identified from the qualitative responses to include the trajectory for flexible learning delivery, the role of technology, the teaching and learning environment, and the prioritization of safety and security. Scenario analysis provided the contextual basis for strategic actions amid and beyond the pandemic. To ensure teaching and learning co...

Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, 2020

This aims to provide an understanding of the spread of pneumonia through analysis of the interact... more This aims to provide an understanding of the spread of pneumonia through analysis of the interaction between infected and potentially infected. Data from 2010 to 2018 on Pneumonia morbidity among older persons age 65 and above was extracted from the Department of Health Field Health Service Information System (FHSIS) annual reports. The data were used to represent the cumulative adopters by fitting them to the Bass diffusion model using the Bass Forecasting Spreadsheet. The number of new adopters was graphed to forecast the diffusion of Pneumonia. The number of cases is expected to increase. The adoption rate in 2024 will be around 45% of the current population. Morbidity of pneumonia is expected to peak in the year 2200, 190 years after the first data. The use of the model provided an insight into the cumulative nature of pneumonia infection due to the interaction between infected and the potentially infected.

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 2020

This study aims to discover the sociocultural factors affecting the disease dispersion pattern of... more This study aims to discover the sociocultural factors affecting the disease dispersion pattern of the COVID-19 in the Philippines. This is an ecological study where the unit of observation is the cases of COVID-19 in the country. The cases compared was defined in various ways to create an explanation of the dispersion pattern of COVID-19 in the country. Data was taken from the official reports of the Philippine Department of Health as of March 13, 2020, on the 52 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the country. Data gathered from the reports were age, sex, existing diseases, acquisition (local or international), proximity to carrier and health status. Results revealed that older male Filipinos are at higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 with prognosis defined by certain culturally-related diseases. The dispersion of the disease in the country is further compounded by the sociocultural context the Filipinos are in.

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 2020

There is an increasing share of people aged 50 years and over in the labor market structure and t... more There is an increasing share of people aged 50 years and over in the labor market structure and the rapid aging of the global workforce that supports the latter claim but with a little tank of information on qualitative research describing the experiences of a working octogenarian. An octogenarian is a person who is between 80 and 89 years old. This study aimed to investigate the experiences of a working octogenarian in her fieldwork through a qualitative case study analysis. From the interview, the following three themes were revealed: (a) Work as a legacy, (b) Work as an advocacy, and (c) Work as an opportunity. In the first theme, the participant described that she had a laden path and a mission. These had been sustained along with the desire to serve and make a difference. In work as advocacy, she presented the vision to make the lives of the elderly better by making the environment compatible with her aspiration extending beyond the confines of her organization. Considering every work that she took part in as an opportunity to explore and further her vision was the very core of the theme "work as an opportunity." Working beyond 80 years old becomes possible when one dedicates the undertakings in the fulfillment of the individual's vision and mission.

Cogent Social Sciences, 2020

The impact of the lives of successful people is ineffaceable. Their influence is passed on from g... more The impact of the lives of successful people is ineffaceable. Their influence is passed on from generation to generation even after their death. The way they managed to face life's challenges serves as a benchmark for people who want to approach late life the way they did. This study aims to develop a framework that would guide older adults in achieving a satisfactory late life through certain accomplishments at different stages of life. A deductive approach to theory development was utilized to create a theory that would explain the occurrence of the phenomenon that was observed which is the distinct stage a person goes through prior to reaching a satisfying old age. A secondary analysis was used to analyze the data which were collected from available research studies and literatures. The generation of the theory was built on the readings and discussion about the process of growing old. Axioms were generated to be able to come up with propositions. The following propositions were generated: People go through a process of development that highlights the different ages; success is perceived individually and is equated with development, and interaction with individuals and the environment influences the way humans perceive the stages of life. From the propositions, it was concluded that human life is highlighted with individualized milestones considered as success achieved within specific ages, influenced by individuals and the environment, as people continuously go through the process of development.

International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 2019

Life expectancy has long been considered to be among the most relevant indicators of public healt... more Life expectancy has long been considered to be among the most relevant indicators of public health and economic development. With this in mind, this study determined the association of the inflation rate of a country to the population’s life expectancy within 120 selected countries. The study utilized an ecological study design where existing data and statistics on inflation rates and life expectancy per country for the year 2017 from World Bank databases were collated. In classifying the countries as high life expectancy and low life expectancy, the median was identified. To further establish, describe, and explain the relationship between life expectancy and inflation rate, binary logistic regression was utilized. The result indicated that the inflation rate of a country significantly predicts its life expectancy outcomes. The analysis also reveals an inverse relationship, with life expectancy being lowered by approximately 20% for each unit of increase in the inflation rate. The financial capability of the older person does not only cover expenses for daily living but the expenses for health security. Continuous increase in the inflation rate would lessen their financial security affecting expenses for health. Therefore, changes in the economic status of a country because of its inflation rate can be counted among the factors that predict the length of life of its population. The increasing inflation rate prominently decreases the average life span of a nation’s populace. Policies should be introduced to address the economic concerns of a nation since these also impact the health status of its populace.

Naresuan University Journal, 2019

This study assessed the stages of life experienced by a famous and successful individual to gathe... more This study assessed the stages of life experienced by a famous and successful individual to gather information as to perception of success and its contribution to development. It used the qualitative case study on an individual above the age of 60 who was recognized due to her achievements in her field. Details of the life story were gathered through one-on-one interview and used holistic analysis of the whole case towards a theory-building report. The themes identified were: Success as a way of life, Contributing to others' success, and, A Walk into a Life of Success, with subthemes: A Playful but Noiseless; Childhood Teenage Confusion as Prelude to Real Life; Preliminary Structures of Adult Life; Immersion into the Life of Success; Death as Accidental Motivator; and Late Life Family Triumphs. Walking back into the life of a successful individual provided a chance to review not only the definitions of success but also the process of achieving success. It is recommended to conduct a study on multiple cases.

Philippine Journal of Nursing, 2018

The paper looked into dynamics and variances of the manifestation of gratitude towards the older ... more The paper looked into dynamics and variances of the manifestation of gratitude towards the older persons utilizing qualitative survey design. A total of 300 study participants, which include the young millennials, mid-lifers and older generation groups, were interviewed. The tool used was a simple interview guide for a freewheeling interview with storytelling style. Three-level classification of qualitative survey analysis was used. The findings revealed how family, work and societal changes have contributed to the changes in the manifestation of gratitude. The changes in the social structure and the demand to cope with these changes have caused the gap between the desire of the older persons to be respected and how the younger generations have shown this to them. Gratitude, which is manifestation of respect, has evolved and is now shown differently across intergenerational groups and seems to be experienced similarly across nations. The younger generations have a different view on respect in comparison with the older generations.

International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 2019

Risk factors for hypertension are becoming increasingly prevalent. Currently, there is no standar... more Risk factors for hypertension are becoming increasingly prevalent. Currently, there is no standardized community-based program for hypertension widely implemented in the Philippines. Health Education and Lifestyle Program for Hypertension is a ten-week health education program that aims to improve the blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This community-based intervention discusses five key health strategies like hypertension awareness, medication regimen, dietary regimen, healthy lifestyles, and stress management. This quasi-experimental study includes 128 hypertensive patients (64 in control and 64 in intervention groups). It utilized IBM SPSS 5.0 to statistically compute for mean, standard deviation, t-test independent samples and t-test paired sample. The study findings revealed that the post-systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the intervention group were 124.67 and 82.00 mmHg, respectively. Paired t-test yielded a significant difference in pre-and post-systolic (t=5.28, p=<.001) and pre-and post-diastolic (t=3.59, p=0.003) BP of the intervention group before and after the Health Education and Lifestyle Program. Lastly, t-test for independent samples revealed a statistically significant difference (t=2.32, p=0.028) in the post-diastolic blood pressure readings of control and intervention groups after the implementation of the program. The study implied that program for hypertension was effective in improving blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Thus, compliance with the medication regimen, dietary regimen, healthy lifestyles, and stress reduction strategies can help control blood pressure among hypertensive patients. A health education program that provides emphasis on patient's health and lifestyle behavior teaching is a successful intervention in reducing the blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.

EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH, 2019

This study examined how the Philippine government implemented Republic Act 9994 known as the “Exp... more This study examined how the Philippine government implemented Republic Act 9994 known as the “Expanded Senior Citizen’s Act” of 1992. It evaluated the compliance of concerned establishments on selected privileges accrued to Filipino senior citizens. We employed the Provus Discrepancy Model (PDM) in the evaluation and analysis of gathered
data. Thirty senior citizens from Cebu City, Philippines and twenty establishments were identified as respondents using randomized sampling. A content-validated semi-structured interview guide was used to gather the needed data from both groups. Findings revealed discrepancy along the process of policy dissemination and implementation, notably among hospitals, grocery stores and in the transport sector. Documents such as administrative orders (AOs) and memorandum circulars furnished to concerned government agencies were not effectively disseminated to senior citizens as intended beneficiaries of RA 9994. Even if concerned establishments were compliance in giving the mandated discounts, Filipino values and cultural background such as jackpot mentality, helpfulness and shyness among senior citizens affected the implementation of the law. The implementing establishments like pharmacies and restaurants enjoyed the value added tax (VAT) exemptions upon compliance to the law, while no benefit was afforded for compliant hospitals, grocery stores and those in the transport sector. Still, crucial issues concerning implementation of the law persist until the present. In conclusion, the implementation of the RA 9994 was effected at the establishments’ level with no discrepancy between mandated and provided benefits to senior citizens, however, a gap between derivable benefits accrued to establishment implementers persists since the law is silent of such benefits for the implementing establishments.

The Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 2012

This study utilized the Tidal Model in the care of a patient with Bipolar 1 Disorder. It seeks to... more This study utilized the Tidal Model in the care of a patient with Bipolar 1 Disorder. It seeks to answer the queries on the assessment findings of the patient with bipolar disorder utilizing the Tidal Model in terms of Self Domain, World Domain, and Others Domain and explore how the patient attained certain sense of recovery using the Tidal Model. Utilizing the case study type of research, a qualitative analysis was used in the care of a patient with Bipolar 1 Disorder. The study was conducted during a nine-day exposure at the Center for Behavioral Sciences in a tertiary hospital in Cebu, Philippines. The patient, in the Self domain, was able to identify problems practically about the need to live a normal life and the ways on how to achieve it. She (the patient) was able to identify ways to find satisfaction for those needs on her own. The needs of the patients were more on the physiological aspect and on how to properly manage her condition so as to be able to manage it in the future. Being able to identify these needs would mean that the patient has given value to herself and the very important role she plays in her journey to recovery. The findings showed that the use of the proposed daily journal of the Tidal Model has provided a means to continuously assess the patient’s condition in her own words. The author would like to recommend the use of the theory to patients with a medical condition so that a more insightful journal would be gathered and to ascertain if mental recovery and rehabilitation help alleviate a medical condition.

International Journal of Current Research, 2018

Purpose: This study inquired into the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy and aims to narrate the exp... more Purpose: This study inquired into the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy and aims to narrate the experiences of teenage parents as they take in their role.
Design: It utilized the narrative inquiry to teenage mothers from Cebu City with age range of 13 to 17 years of age, and whose partner may be living together or not.
Methods: Individual interview was done however, there was no specific guide questions used. As the narration took place, the researchers took notes on the plot, scene, setting and characterization of events.
Findings: This narrates the story of young women who experienced an unexpected life transition, from being a teenager to becoming a mother with the following highlights of their stories: A Family in Turmoil, The Girl in Trouble meets the Knight in Shining Armor, The Perfect Girl is Gone, Letting the Storm Rage On, The Storm did Bother her, To Rise like the Break of Dawn. The journey revealed a transition from a young girl full of vigor and enthusiasm to a young mother who is faced with the responsibility of childrearing at a time where she is supposed to grow and flourish.

Conclusions: Narration of the lives of teenage mothers provided appreciation of the struggles they’ve been through. This sheds the light on the realities they face because of the harsh transition from being a girl to eventually becoming a young mother.

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Frontiers in Education

Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, 2020

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 2020

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 2020

Cogent Social Sciences, 2020

International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 2019

Naresuan University Journal, 2019

Philippine Journal of Nursing, 2018

International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 2019

EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH, 2019

The Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 2012

International Journal of Current Research, 2018