Anne Cleary | Colorado State University (original) (raw)
Papers by Anne Cleary
Early studies of human memory suggest that adherence to a known structural regularity (e.g., orth... more Early studies of human memory suggest that adherence to a known structural regularity (e.g., orthographic regularity) benefits memory for an otherwise novel stimulus (e.g., G. A. Miller, 1958). However, a more recent study suggests that structural regularity can lead to an increase in false-positive responses on recognition memory tests (B. W. A. Whittlesea & L. D. Williams, 1998). In the present study the authors attempted to identify the circumstances under which structural regularity benefits old-new discrimination and those under which it leads to an increase in false-positive responses. The highly generalizable tendency shown here is for structural regularity to benefit old-new discrimination. The increase in false-positive responses for structurally regular novel items may be limited to situations in which regularity is confounded with similarity to studied items.
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2004
In the present study, it is shown that participants can recognize test cues as resembling studied... more In the present study, it is shown that participants can recognize test cues as resembling studied words even when these cues cannot be used to recall the words that they resemble. After studying a list of words, participants were given a cued recall test for which half of the cues resembled studied words on one particular feature dimension and half resembled nonstudied words on that dimension. In addition to trying to use each cue to recall a study list item, participants rated the degree to which the cue resembled a studied word. For those cues whose targets could not be identified, the mean rating was higher when the cues corresponded to studied items than when they corresponded to nonstudied items. Various types of features can give rise to this phenomenon, which was found when orthographic, phonemic, and semantic cued recall tasks were used. In all of these cases of recognition without recall, analysis of receiver operating characteristics revealed a pattern consistent with that of an equalvariance signal detection process.
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2004
Participants viewed a list of black-and-white line drawings and were then presented with a pictur... more Participants viewed a list of black-and-white line drawings and were then presented with a picture fragment identification task in which half of the fragments corresponded to studied pictures and half corresponded to unstudied pictures. In addition to trying to identify each picture fragment, participants gave a rating to indicate the likelihood that the fragment came from a studied picture. When participants could not identify the picture fragments, they were still able to discriminate between fragments that came from studied pictures and fragments that came from unstudied pictures (as shown by their recognition ratings), but only when the fragments contained information about the geometric components (geons) that underlay the original pictures. No recognition without identification was found when the fragments contained only line segment information.
Memory & Cognition, 2001
Some studies have shown that, although repetition increases the familiarity of a stimulus, it doe... more Some studies have shown that, although repetition increases the familiarity of a stimulus, it does not improve memory for its details. Because memory for associative information is thought to require memory for the details of study presentation, the effects of repetition on associative recognition were examined in the present study. The pattern of results was similar to that found for the recognition of item details: Repetition increased the familiarity of the individual items within each pair to a greater extent than it improved memory for their specific pairings.
Cognitive Brain Research, 2003
Dual process theories posit that separate recollection and familiarity processes contribute to re... more Dual process theories posit that separate recollection and familiarity processes contribute to recognition memory. Previous research, testing recognition memory for words, indicates that event-related brain potentials (ERPs) can be used to dissociate recollection from familiarity. It has been hypothesized that the FN400 ERP old / new effect (300-500 ms) varies with stimulus familiarity, but the parietal ERP old / new effect (400-800 ms) varies with recollection. The results reported here are consistent with this hypothesis, extending it to the recognition of pictures when subjects had to discriminate between studied pictures, highly familiar lures (mirror-reversals of studied pictures), and new pictures. Furthermore, the parietal old / new effect showed significant recollection-related differences only for subjects with good behavioral discrimination between studied items and similar lures.
Early studies of human memory suggest that adherence to a known structural regularity (e.g., orth... more Early studies of human memory suggest that adherence to a known structural regularity (e.g., orthographic regularity) benefits memory for an otherwise novel stimulus (e.g., G. A. Miller, 1958). However, a more recent study suggests that structural regularity can lead to an increase in false-positive responses on recognition memory tests (B. W. A. Whittlesea & L. D. Williams, 1998). In the present study the authors attempted to identify the circumstances under which structural regularity benefits old-new discrimination and those under which it leads to an increase in false-positive responses. The highly generalizable tendency shown here is for structural regularity to benefit old-new discrimination. The increase in false-positive responses for structurally regular novel items may be limited to situations in which regularity is confounded with similarity to studied items.
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2004
In the present study, it is shown that participants can recognize test cues as resembling studied... more In the present study, it is shown that participants can recognize test cues as resembling studied words even when these cues cannot be used to recall the words that they resemble. After studying a list of words, participants were given a cued recall test for which half of the cues resembled studied words on one particular feature dimension and half resembled nonstudied words on that dimension. In addition to trying to use each cue to recall a study list item, participants rated the degree to which the cue resembled a studied word. For those cues whose targets could not be identified, the mean rating was higher when the cues corresponded to studied items than when they corresponded to nonstudied items. Various types of features can give rise to this phenomenon, which was found when orthographic, phonemic, and semantic cued recall tasks were used. In all of these cases of recognition without recall, analysis of receiver operating characteristics revealed a pattern consistent with that of an equalvariance signal detection process.
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2004
Participants viewed a list of black-and-white line drawings and were then presented with a pictur... more Participants viewed a list of black-and-white line drawings and were then presented with a picture fragment identification task in which half of the fragments corresponded to studied pictures and half corresponded to unstudied pictures. In addition to trying to identify each picture fragment, participants gave a rating to indicate the likelihood that the fragment came from a studied picture. When participants could not identify the picture fragments, they were still able to discriminate between fragments that came from studied pictures and fragments that came from unstudied pictures (as shown by their recognition ratings), but only when the fragments contained information about the geometric components (geons) that underlay the original pictures. No recognition without identification was found when the fragments contained only line segment information.
Memory & Cognition, 2001
Some studies have shown that, although repetition increases the familiarity of a stimulus, it doe... more Some studies have shown that, although repetition increases the familiarity of a stimulus, it does not improve memory for its details. Because memory for associative information is thought to require memory for the details of study presentation, the effects of repetition on associative recognition were examined in the present study. The pattern of results was similar to that found for the recognition of item details: Repetition increased the familiarity of the individual items within each pair to a greater extent than it improved memory for their specific pairings.
Cognitive Brain Research, 2003
Dual process theories posit that separate recollection and familiarity processes contribute to re... more Dual process theories posit that separate recollection and familiarity processes contribute to recognition memory. Previous research, testing recognition memory for words, indicates that event-related brain potentials (ERPs) can be used to dissociate recollection from familiarity. It has been hypothesized that the FN400 ERP old / new effect (300-500 ms) varies with stimulus familiarity, but the parietal ERP old / new effect (400-800 ms) varies with recollection. The results reported here are consistent with this hypothesis, extending it to the recognition of pictures when subjects had to discriminate between studied pictures, highly familiar lures (mirror-reversals of studied pictures), and new pictures. Furthermore, the parietal old / new effect showed significant recollection-related differences only for subjects with good behavioral discrimination between studied items and similar lures.