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Papers by Robert Kuszinger

Research paper thumbnail of Classifying the Million-Plus Urban Agglomerations of India—Geographical Types and Quality of Life

Livelihood Enhancement Through Agriculture, Tourism and Health, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Characteristics of recent urbanisation in India in light of the divergent development paths of metropolises

Regional Statistics

The number of cities, according to the size and proportion of urban population, is further increa... more The number of cities, according to the size and proportion of urban population, is further increased by the so-called census towns that are registered among the urban settlements only for the manipulation of the pace of urbanisation, sometimes by a plastically interpreted urban definition, in the absence of real central functions and self-governments. In this definition, all settlements with more than 5,000 inhabitants-in reality, many settlements with fewer population-are considered as towns if they meet the following criteria: at least 75% of their full-time male employees work in the secondary or tertiary sector and the population density is at least 400 persons/km 2. The group of census towns is newly designated before each census in accordance with this set of criteria, and the size of the urban population is defined taking this aspect into consideration. The number of census towns at the time of the 2011 census was 3,894, as opposed to 1,362 a decade earlier, while that of functional towns increased from 3,799 to 4,041 (Singh 2014), which means a more than one-and-a-half-fold growth in the number of urban settlements, from 5,161 to 7,935. According to our computation, a strong (Pearson method) correlation (r=+0.89) exists between the change in the number of census towns Urban population 30% or below Urban population over 30%

Research paper thumbnail of Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013

Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire loca... more Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire located at Angkor, in northwest Cambodia (∼9th to 15th centuries in the Common Era, C.E.), has identified it as the largest settlement complex of the preindustrial world, and yet crucial areas have remained unmapped, in particular the ceremonial centers and their surroundings, where dense forest obscures the traces of the civilization that typically remain in evidence in surface topography. Here we describe the use of airborne laser scanning (lidar) technology to create high-precision digital elevation models of the ground surface beneath the vegetation cover. We identify an entire, previously undocumented, formally planned urban landscape into which the major temples such as Angkor Wat were integrated. Beyond these newly identified urban landscapes, the lidar data reveal anthropogenic changes to the landscape on a vast scale and lend further weight to an emerging consensus that infrastructu...

Research paper thumbnail of Budapest árvízvédelme vízgyűjtők összekapcsolásával: egy földrajzi megalapozottságú kísérlet

Schweitzer Ferenc: Tanulmányok a geomorfológia, a geokronológia, a hidrogeográfia és a marskutatás területéről, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Egy templom a határon - A Preah Vihear határkonfliktus története

Modern Geográfia, 2016

HUN: Az 1962-es Nemzetközi Bírósági ítélet alapján a Preah Vihear templom, ami Thaiföld és Kambo-... more HUN: Az 1962-es Nemzetközi Bírósági ítélet alapján a Preah Vihear templom, ami Thaiföld és Kambo-dzsa határán fekszik, Kambodzsához tartozik. Kambodzsa, mint a Világörökség Egyezmény részes országa, 2006-ban a helyszínt jelölte a Világörökség Listára. A felvételi kérelmet követően egy elhú-zódó, alacsony intenzitású határkonfliktus vette kezdetét a két ország között. Ennek eredendő okát a 20. század elején kell keresnünk, de a történelmi távlat mellett mai politikai motivációk erősítették fel és tették újra aktuálissá. A tanulmány a földrajzi vonatkozású múltbéli döntések és lépések máig ható következményeit és azok összefüggéseit mutatja be.

EN: Being a consequence of the 1962 judgment the Preah Vihear temple which is located at the Thai and Cambodian border belongs to Cambodia. Cambodia, being a state party of the Comvention, nominated the site for inclusion on the World Heritage List in 2006. Following this act a long lasting and low intensity border conflict has appeared in relation of the two countries. The origin of the conflict could be dated back to the beginning of the twentieth century. Besides the historical perspective current political motivations made it an actual problem again. This article is about the geographically relevant past decisions and movements and also about their present consequences with their relations.

Research paper thumbnail of Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013

Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire loca... more Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire located at Angkor, in northwest Cambodia (∼9th to 15th centuries in the Common Era, C.E.), has identified it as the largest settlement complex of the preindustrial world, and yet crucial areas have remained unmapped, in particular the ceremonial centers and their surroundings, where dense forest obscures the traces of the civilization that typically remain in evidence in surface topography. Here we describe the use of airborne laser scanning (lidar) technology to create high-precision digital elevation models of the ground surface beneath the vegetation cover. We identify an entire, previously undocumented, formally planned urban landscape into which the major temples such as Angkor Wat were integrated. Beyond these newly identified urban landscapes, the lidar data reveal anthropogenic changes to the landscape on a vast scale and lend further weight to an emerging consensus that infrastructural complexity, unsustainable modes of subsistence, and climate variation were crucial factors in the decline of the classical Khmer civilization.

Research paper thumbnail of Classifying the Million-Plus Urban Agglomerations of India—Geographical Types and Quality of Life

Livelihood Enhancement Through Agriculture, Tourism and Health, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Characteristics of recent urbanisation in India in light of the divergent development paths of metropolises

Regional Statistics

The number of cities, according to the size and proportion of urban population, is further increa... more The number of cities, according to the size and proportion of urban population, is further increased by the so-called census towns that are registered among the urban settlements only for the manipulation of the pace of urbanisation, sometimes by a plastically interpreted urban definition, in the absence of real central functions and self-governments. In this definition, all settlements with more than 5,000 inhabitants-in reality, many settlements with fewer population-are considered as towns if they meet the following criteria: at least 75% of their full-time male employees work in the secondary or tertiary sector and the population density is at least 400 persons/km 2. The group of census towns is newly designated before each census in accordance with this set of criteria, and the size of the urban population is defined taking this aspect into consideration. The number of census towns at the time of the 2011 census was 3,894, as opposed to 1,362 a decade earlier, while that of functional towns increased from 3,799 to 4,041 (Singh 2014), which means a more than one-and-a-half-fold growth in the number of urban settlements, from 5,161 to 7,935. According to our computation, a strong (Pearson method) correlation (r=+0.89) exists between the change in the number of census towns Urban population 30% or below Urban population over 30%

Research paper thumbnail of Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013

Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire loca... more Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire located at Angkor, in northwest Cambodia (∼9th to 15th centuries in the Common Era, C.E.), has identified it as the largest settlement complex of the preindustrial world, and yet crucial areas have remained unmapped, in particular the ceremonial centers and their surroundings, where dense forest obscures the traces of the civilization that typically remain in evidence in surface topography. Here we describe the use of airborne laser scanning (lidar) technology to create high-precision digital elevation models of the ground surface beneath the vegetation cover. We identify an entire, previously undocumented, formally planned urban landscape into which the major temples such as Angkor Wat were integrated. Beyond these newly identified urban landscapes, the lidar data reveal anthropogenic changes to the landscape on a vast scale and lend further weight to an emerging consensus that infrastructu...

Research paper thumbnail of Budapest árvízvédelme vízgyűjtők összekapcsolásával: egy földrajzi megalapozottságú kísérlet

Schweitzer Ferenc: Tanulmányok a geomorfológia, a geokronológia, a hidrogeográfia és a marskutatás területéről, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Egy templom a határon - A Preah Vihear határkonfliktus története

Modern Geográfia, 2016

HUN: Az 1962-es Nemzetközi Bírósági ítélet alapján a Preah Vihear templom, ami Thaiföld és Kambo-... more HUN: Az 1962-es Nemzetközi Bírósági ítélet alapján a Preah Vihear templom, ami Thaiföld és Kambo-dzsa határán fekszik, Kambodzsához tartozik. Kambodzsa, mint a Világörökség Egyezmény részes országa, 2006-ban a helyszínt jelölte a Világörökség Listára. A felvételi kérelmet követően egy elhú-zódó, alacsony intenzitású határkonfliktus vette kezdetét a két ország között. Ennek eredendő okát a 20. század elején kell keresnünk, de a történelmi távlat mellett mai politikai motivációk erősítették fel és tették újra aktuálissá. A tanulmány a földrajzi vonatkozású múltbéli döntések és lépések máig ható következményeit és azok összefüggéseit mutatja be.

EN: Being a consequence of the 1962 judgment the Preah Vihear temple which is located at the Thai and Cambodian border belongs to Cambodia. Cambodia, being a state party of the Comvention, nominated the site for inclusion on the World Heritage List in 2006. Following this act a long lasting and low intensity border conflict has appeared in relation of the two countries. The origin of the conflict could be dated back to the beginning of the twentieth century. Besides the historical perspective current political motivations made it an actual problem again. This article is about the geographically relevant past decisions and movements and also about their present consequences with their relations.

Research paper thumbnail of Uncovering archaeological landscapes at Angkor using lidar

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013

Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire loca... more Previous archaeological mapping work on the successive medieval capitals of the Khmer Empire located at Angkor, in northwest Cambodia (∼9th to 15th centuries in the Common Era, C.E.), has identified it as the largest settlement complex of the preindustrial world, and yet crucial areas have remained unmapped, in particular the ceremonial centers and their surroundings, where dense forest obscures the traces of the civilization that typically remain in evidence in surface topography. Here we describe the use of airborne laser scanning (lidar) technology to create high-precision digital elevation models of the ground surface beneath the vegetation cover. We identify an entire, previously undocumented, formally planned urban landscape into which the major temples such as Angkor Wat were integrated. Beyond these newly identified urban landscapes, the lidar data reveal anthropogenic changes to the landscape on a vast scale and lend further weight to an emerging consensus that infrastructural complexity, unsustainable modes of subsistence, and climate variation were crucial factors in the decline of the classical Khmer civilization.