CHIDIMMA P R O M I S E OKAFOR (NEE EZUMEZU) | Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam Campus (original) (raw)

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Papers by CHIDIMMA P R O M I S E OKAFOR (NEE EZUMEZU)

International Journal of Research and Publication, 2023

Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (... more Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (Na + /K + and Ca 2+) activities of tramadol-induced toxicity were investigated using a total of fifty six (56) Albino rats. The rats were assigned into seven (7) experimental groups (1-7) with eight rats in each group. They were acclimatized for one week, after which, rats in group 1 (Normal control) were allowed access to water and feed without restriction; rats in group 2 were administered 5 ml/Kg body weight (b.w) of normal saline. Toxicity was induced in groups 3-6 using 100 mg/Kg of tramadol (TM). Group 3 (TM control group) was left untreated; Groups 4, 5 and 6 (TM-CPSO treated groups) received 5, 2.5 and 1.5 ml/Kg of CPSO, respectively. Group 7 (CPSO group) received 5 ml/Kg of CPSO only. Group 2-7 were equally allowed free access to water and feed without restriction and the treatments were done by oral intubation once daily for 42 days. Acetylcholinesterase and ATPases activities were assayed using standard methods. TM toxicity was evidenced by significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of acetylcholine esterase with significant (p<0.05) decreases in the activities of ATPases. However, treatment with CPSO significantly restored the activities of the altered biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The study suggests that TM-induced cerebral toxicity by increase in Ache and down regulations of ATPases activities. The inhibition of the alterations in the examined markers by CPSO could be relevant in the management of TM-induced toxicity.

Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (... more Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (Na + /K + and Ca 2+) activities of tramadol-induced toxicity were investigated using a total of fifty six (56) Albino rats. The rats were assigned into seven (7) experimental groups (1-7) with eight rats in each group. They were acclimatized for one week, after which, rats in group 1 (Normal control) were allowed access to water and feed without restriction; rats in group 2 were administered 5 ml/Kg body weight (b.w) of normal saline. Toxicity was induced in groups 3-6 using 100 mg/Kg of tramadol (TM). Group 3 (TM control group) was left untreated; Groups 4, 5 and 6 (TM-CPSO treated groups) received 5, 2.5 and 1.5 ml/Kg of CPSO, respectively. Group 7 (CPSO group) received 5 ml/Kg of CPSO only. Group 2-7 were equally allowed free access to water and feed without restriction and the treatments were done by oral intubation once daily for 42 days. Acetylcholinesterase and ATPases activities were assayed using standard methods. TM toxicity was evidenced by significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of acetylcholine esterase with significant (p<0.05) decreases in the activities of ATPases. However, treatment with CPSO significantly restored the activities of the altered biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The study suggests that TM-induced cerebral toxicity by increase in Ache and down regulations of ATPases activities. The inhibition of the alterations in the examined markers by CPSO could be relevant in the management of TM-induced toxicity.

International Journal of Research and Publication , 2023

Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV), a plant renowned for its medicinal properties, has garnered increasing ... more Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV), a plant renowned for its medicinal properties, has garnered increasing attention for its potential therapeutic applications. The plant's leaves and stems are known to contain various bioactive compounds, including alkaloids and terpenoids, which contribute to its pharmacological significance. This research undertakes a thorough exploration of the alkaloid composition within the leaves and stems of Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV). In the case of RV, these alkaloids hold promise for applications in modern medicine, ranging from analgesics to anti-inflammatory agents. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of alkaloids present in RV leaves and stems. FTIR, a powerful analytical technique, enables the identification of functional groups within complex organic compounds. By focusing on alkaloids, this research seeks to elucidate the molecular composition of RV, laying the groundwork for understanding its medicinal properties. The investigation's significance lies in its potential to unveil specific alkaloid profiles, providing insights into the plant's therapeutic capabilities. This knowledge is vital for advancing drug discovery and development processes, ultimately contributing to the broader field of natural product-based pharmaceuticals.

International Journal of Applied Science Research(INJASR), Federal Polytechnic Oko, 2023

A study was undertaken on the reproductive-enhancing potential of Sphenostylis stenocarpa seed me... more A study was undertaken on the reproductive-enhancing potential of Sphenostylis stenocarpa seed methanol extract on male Wistar rats. A total of 144 adult male rats were used for the experiment, divided into four groups (A-D), and replicated thrice. Group A served as the standard control, while Groups B, C, and D received three graded doses (800 mg/kg, 1200 mg/kg, and 1600 mg/kg) of the extract by oral intubation. The rats' gonad characteristics, sperm parameters, and hormonal analyses were determined weekly using standard procedures from Week 0 (day 1) to Week 12. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Means with differences in pvalues (< 0.05) were considered significant. The results showed overall dose and significant timedependent differences in the mean weekly gonad characteristics of the male rats in the treatment groups compared to the control. The body weights of the male rats significantly reduced (p < 0.05), whereas the testes weights, gonad somatic index, sperm count, and sperm motility of the rats had a significant increase (p< 0.05). The hormone testosterone responded to the plant extract. The testosterone levels of all the treated rats had substantial gains. In conclusion, the methanol seed extract of Sphenostylis stenocarpa demonstrated an overall potency to enhance reproduction in male Wistar rats.

IJORP (International Journal of Research and Publication), 2021

This work investigated the biochemical effects of methanol leaf extract of C. odorata on cypermet... more This work investigated the biochemical effects of methanol leaf extract of C. odorata on cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress on Wistar albino rats. C. odorata is used as a medicinal plant in a traditional way by the people who lived in the tropic and subtropic areas, for treatment of bloodsucker nibbles, soft tissue injuries, skin infections, malaria, and diabetes. A methodical quest for valuable bioactivities from medicinal plants is currently considered to be a rational methodology in nutraceutical and drug research. Manufactured pyrethroid, cypermethrin is utilized broadly for the management of bugs in crops and as an ectoparasiticide in man and creatures. For this work, cypermethrin was used to induce oxidative stress in wistar albino rats. The biochemical analyses were carried out following the standard procedures. The result obtained from the biochemical analysis shows that there is highest activity of catalase (1.60±0.20 U/mg protein) for the rats fed with cypermethrin when compared to group 1, fed with chromolena odorata (0.74±0.12U/mg protein) while comparing group 3 (1.09±0.23U/mg protein) and group 4 (0.92±0.13U/mg protein) which are statistically significant at P≤ 0.05 similar to SOD and MDA result. The effects of C. Odorata on cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress in Wistar albino rats on the biochemical parameters such as the Liver marker enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), serum protein and kidney function (urea, creatinine levels) indicated that C. Odorata methanol leaf extract helped relieve stress in Wistar albino rats and furthermore, helped stabilize liver functions.

IJORP (International Journal of Research and Publication , 2020

This study was carried out to know the photochemical constituents of Chromolaena odorata. This is... more This study was carried out to know the photochemical constituents of Chromolaena odorata. This is a specie from family of Asteraceae. Experimental method was used in this study; during which fresh leaves of Chromolaena odorata was plucked, washed and dried using an oven at 50°C-100°C. The leaves were pulverized into coarse form with electrical blender. The crude extracts were obtained by using ethanolic and aqueous solution. The extracts were tested for phytochemicals such as flavonoid, tannins, saponias, steroid, phenol and alkaloids. Saponin was only present in aqueous solution. The research concluded that Chromolaena odorata possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiparastic and anti-inflammatory properties. The study recommends that Chromolaena Odorata can be employed for the treatment of different bacteria in the indigenous system of medicine.

International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research, 2022

In this study, antimicrobial toothpaste (dentifrice), which can compete with existing toothpaste,... more In this study, antimicrobial toothpaste (dentifrice), which can compete with existing toothpaste, was
produced using Moringa Oleifera root essential oil extract. The oil extract 2ml per 100g obtained, gave
peppermint flavor and was volatile. The phytochemical screening revealed a high concentration of
flavonoid, a bioactive agent with antimicrobial activity in nature. 0.5ml of the concentrate essential oil
extract was used to produce 120gm of a novel dentifrice. The antimicrobial activities of the novel
herbal toothpaste were assessed against Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus aureus,
and Candida albicans which are microorganisms involved in tooth plaque, using Oral-B (pro-health),
commercial toothpaste as a positive control. The antimicrobial potential of the novel toothpaste was
evaluated by the muller Hinton agar well diffusion method against the selected bacteria. The novel
toothpaste showed higher inhibitory activity against Streptococcus Mutans (31mm), Lactobacillus
(33mm), Staphylococcus aureus (16mm), and Candida albicans (16mm) while, the Oral –B positive
control toothpaste showed inhibition against the bacteria; Streptococcus Mutans (22mm), Lactobacillus
(28mm), Staphylococcus aureus (12mm) and Candida albicans (15mm) respectively. From the result,
it was shown that the Moringa root herbal toothpaste has high antimicrobial potential than Oral-B
herbal toothpaste against tooth plaque. It can be recommended that further studies on sensory analysis
of food and dentifrice products containing Moringa root essential oil be carried out to evaluate its
acceptability and shelf life

International Journal of Research and Publication, 2023

Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (... more Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (Na + /K + and Ca 2+) activities of tramadol-induced toxicity were investigated using a total of fifty six (56) Albino rats. The rats were assigned into seven (7) experimental groups (1-7) with eight rats in each group. They were acclimatized for one week, after which, rats in group 1 (Normal control) were allowed access to water and feed without restriction; rats in group 2 were administered 5 ml/Kg body weight (b.w) of normal saline. Toxicity was induced in groups 3-6 using 100 mg/Kg of tramadol (TM). Group 3 (TM control group) was left untreated; Groups 4, 5 and 6 (TM-CPSO treated groups) received 5, 2.5 and 1.5 ml/Kg of CPSO, respectively. Group 7 (CPSO group) received 5 ml/Kg of CPSO only. Group 2-7 were equally allowed free access to water and feed without restriction and the treatments were done by oral intubation once daily for 42 days. Acetylcholinesterase and ATPases activities were assayed using standard methods. TM toxicity was evidenced by significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of acetylcholine esterase with significant (p<0.05) decreases in the activities of ATPases. However, treatment with CPSO significantly restored the activities of the altered biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The study suggests that TM-induced cerebral toxicity by increase in Ache and down regulations of ATPases activities. The inhibition of the alterations in the examined markers by CPSO could be relevant in the management of TM-induced toxicity.

Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (... more Prophylactic effect of Cucurbita pepo seed oil (CPSO) on brain acetylcholinesterase and ATPases (Na + /K + and Ca 2+) activities of tramadol-induced toxicity were investigated using a total of fifty six (56) Albino rats. The rats were assigned into seven (7) experimental groups (1-7) with eight rats in each group. They were acclimatized for one week, after which, rats in group 1 (Normal control) were allowed access to water and feed without restriction; rats in group 2 were administered 5 ml/Kg body weight (b.w) of normal saline. Toxicity was induced in groups 3-6 using 100 mg/Kg of tramadol (TM). Group 3 (TM control group) was left untreated; Groups 4, 5 and 6 (TM-CPSO treated groups) received 5, 2.5 and 1.5 ml/Kg of CPSO, respectively. Group 7 (CPSO group) received 5 ml/Kg of CPSO only. Group 2-7 were equally allowed free access to water and feed without restriction and the treatments were done by oral intubation once daily for 42 days. Acetylcholinesterase and ATPases activities were assayed using standard methods. TM toxicity was evidenced by significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of acetylcholine esterase with significant (p<0.05) decreases in the activities of ATPases. However, treatment with CPSO significantly restored the activities of the altered biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The study suggests that TM-induced cerebral toxicity by increase in Ache and down regulations of ATPases activities. The inhibition of the alterations in the examined markers by CPSO could be relevant in the management of TM-induced toxicity.

International Journal of Research and Publication , 2023

Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV), a plant renowned for its medicinal properties, has garnered increasing ... more Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV), a plant renowned for its medicinal properties, has garnered increasing attention for its potential therapeutic applications. The plant's leaves and stems are known to contain various bioactive compounds, including alkaloids and terpenoids, which contribute to its pharmacological significance. This research undertakes a thorough exploration of the alkaloid composition within the leaves and stems of Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV). In the case of RV, these alkaloids hold promise for applications in modern medicine, ranging from analgesics to anti-inflammatory agents. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of alkaloids present in RV leaves and stems. FTIR, a powerful analytical technique, enables the identification of functional groups within complex organic compounds. By focusing on alkaloids, this research seeks to elucidate the molecular composition of RV, laying the groundwork for understanding its medicinal properties. The investigation's significance lies in its potential to unveil specific alkaloid profiles, providing insights into the plant's therapeutic capabilities. This knowledge is vital for advancing drug discovery and development processes, ultimately contributing to the broader field of natural product-based pharmaceuticals.

International Journal of Applied Science Research(INJASR), Federal Polytechnic Oko, 2023

A study was undertaken on the reproductive-enhancing potential of Sphenostylis stenocarpa seed me... more A study was undertaken on the reproductive-enhancing potential of Sphenostylis stenocarpa seed methanol extract on male Wistar rats. A total of 144 adult male rats were used for the experiment, divided into four groups (A-D), and replicated thrice. Group A served as the standard control, while Groups B, C, and D received three graded doses (800 mg/kg, 1200 mg/kg, and 1600 mg/kg) of the extract by oral intubation. The rats' gonad characteristics, sperm parameters, and hormonal analyses were determined weekly using standard procedures from Week 0 (day 1) to Week 12. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Means with differences in pvalues (< 0.05) were considered significant. The results showed overall dose and significant timedependent differences in the mean weekly gonad characteristics of the male rats in the treatment groups compared to the control. The body weights of the male rats significantly reduced (p < 0.05), whereas the testes weights, gonad somatic index, sperm count, and sperm motility of the rats had a significant increase (p< 0.05). The hormone testosterone responded to the plant extract. The testosterone levels of all the treated rats had substantial gains. In conclusion, the methanol seed extract of Sphenostylis stenocarpa demonstrated an overall potency to enhance reproduction in male Wistar rats.

IJORP (International Journal of Research and Publication), 2021

This work investigated the biochemical effects of methanol leaf extract of C. odorata on cypermet... more This work investigated the biochemical effects of methanol leaf extract of C. odorata on cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress on Wistar albino rats. C. odorata is used as a medicinal plant in a traditional way by the people who lived in the tropic and subtropic areas, for treatment of bloodsucker nibbles, soft tissue injuries, skin infections, malaria, and diabetes. A methodical quest for valuable bioactivities from medicinal plants is currently considered to be a rational methodology in nutraceutical and drug research. Manufactured pyrethroid, cypermethrin is utilized broadly for the management of bugs in crops and as an ectoparasiticide in man and creatures. For this work, cypermethrin was used to induce oxidative stress in wistar albino rats. The biochemical analyses were carried out following the standard procedures. The result obtained from the biochemical analysis shows that there is highest activity of catalase (1.60±0.20 U/mg protein) for the rats fed with cypermethrin when compared to group 1, fed with chromolena odorata (0.74±0.12U/mg protein) while comparing group 3 (1.09±0.23U/mg protein) and group 4 (0.92±0.13U/mg protein) which are statistically significant at P≤ 0.05 similar to SOD and MDA result. The effects of C. Odorata on cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress in Wistar albino rats on the biochemical parameters such as the Liver marker enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), serum protein and kidney function (urea, creatinine levels) indicated that C. Odorata methanol leaf extract helped relieve stress in Wistar albino rats and furthermore, helped stabilize liver functions.

IJORP (International Journal of Research and Publication , 2020

This study was carried out to know the photochemical constituents of Chromolaena odorata. This is... more This study was carried out to know the photochemical constituents of Chromolaena odorata. This is a specie from family of Asteraceae. Experimental method was used in this study; during which fresh leaves of Chromolaena odorata was plucked, washed and dried using an oven at 50°C-100°C. The leaves were pulverized into coarse form with electrical blender. The crude extracts were obtained by using ethanolic and aqueous solution. The extracts were tested for phytochemicals such as flavonoid, tannins, saponias, steroid, phenol and alkaloids. Saponin was only present in aqueous solution. The research concluded that Chromolaena odorata possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiparastic and anti-inflammatory properties. The study recommends that Chromolaena Odorata can be employed for the treatment of different bacteria in the indigenous system of medicine.

International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research, 2022

In this study, antimicrobial toothpaste (dentifrice), which can compete with existing toothpaste,... more In this study, antimicrobial toothpaste (dentifrice), which can compete with existing toothpaste, was
produced using Moringa Oleifera root essential oil extract. The oil extract 2ml per 100g obtained, gave
peppermint flavor and was volatile. The phytochemical screening revealed a high concentration of
flavonoid, a bioactive agent with antimicrobial activity in nature. 0.5ml of the concentrate essential oil
extract was used to produce 120gm of a novel dentifrice. The antimicrobial activities of the novel
herbal toothpaste were assessed against Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus aureus,
and Candida albicans which are microorganisms involved in tooth plaque, using Oral-B (pro-health),
commercial toothpaste as a positive control. The antimicrobial potential of the novel toothpaste was
evaluated by the muller Hinton agar well diffusion method against the selected bacteria. The novel
toothpaste showed higher inhibitory activity against Streptococcus Mutans (31mm), Lactobacillus
(33mm), Staphylococcus aureus (16mm), and Candida albicans (16mm) while, the Oral –B positive
control toothpaste showed inhibition against the bacteria; Streptococcus Mutans (22mm), Lactobacillus
(28mm), Staphylococcus aureus (12mm) and Candida albicans (15mm) respectively. From the result,
it was shown that the Moringa root herbal toothpaste has high antimicrobial potential than Oral-B
herbal toothpaste against tooth plaque. It can be recommended that further studies on sensory analysis
of food and dentifrice products containing Moringa root essential oil be carried out to evaluate its
acceptability and shelf life