J. Vijay Anto | Bharathidasan University, Trichy, India. (original) (raw)

Papers by J. Vijay Anto

Research paper thumbnail of A Statistical Model to Predict Instantaneous Blood Pressure Using Velocity Measurements in the Radial Arteries

Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2017

Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient's BP th... more Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient's BP than isolated clinic measures for continuous monitoring and rigorous control of hypertension. Regular users of ABPM hesitate to wear it because of aesthetic considerations and pain during inflation and deflation of the cuff. Methods: A statistical model is suggested from this study to aid in the development of wearable ABPM on the wrist which would aesthetical be acceptable and without pain. The model uses Blood flow velocities of the left and right radial arteries and their wall thickness to predict the Blood pressure at the right arm. Blood flow velocities (Peak systolic velocity-PSV and End diastolic velocity-EDV in cms/sec) and vessel wall thickness (in mm) were measured using B mode ultrasound and Doppler of 99 healthy persons. Results: The blood pressure of the right arm was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer prior to the measurement of the Blood flow velocities.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Passive and Active Upper limb Movements on Muscles of the Lower limbs in Spinal Cord Injury Patients

National Journal of Physiology , 2019

Background:The coordination of limb movements during locomotion is by the central pattern generat... more Background:The coordination of limb movements during locomotion is by the central pattern generators (CPG's) in spinal cord, regulated by supraspinal centers. Stimulation/Movement of upperlimb muscles elicited electrical activity in lower limb muscles in neurologically intact subjects. The present study aims to record electrical activity in lowerlimbs of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) patients during passive and active coordinated upper limb movements. Materials & methods: Seventeen acute spinal cord injury patients in the age group of 30-60 years were involved in the present study.7 acted as control and 10 were in the study group. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded in Quadriceps femoris, Hamstring, Tibialis anterior, Soleus, Gastrocnemius muscles of the lower limbs after different patterns of coordinated movements of the upper limbs using scorpio 2p/4p EMG, Allengers medical system limited, Chandigarh. Results were analysed with Fisher's Exact Test. Results: EMG activity in paretic lower limbs was greater for active (2kg 1kg load) than passive upper limb movements. Conclusion: Rhythmic arm movements could generate activity in paretic lower limb muscles by stimulating CPG's and this would be an additional effective rehabilitative therapy.

Research paper thumbnail of Survival Modeling and Analysis for Time to Failures of Aircraft Glass

International Journal of Scientific Research in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences , 2019

Assuring the reliability of components of an aircraft is very essential, as even a minor problem ... more Assuring the reliability of components of an aircraft is very essential, as even a minor problem in the aircraft leads to major risk to the passengers. In this study, the lifetime of aircraft glass is assessed through survival modeling. The aircraft glass failure data has been taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and it is assumed to follow the lifetime distributions. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic clearly reveals that the empirical data is fitted with the following theoretical distributions: gamma, Weibull and lognormal. The Maximum Likelihood Estimation method is used to estimate the parameters of the theoretical distributions. With the assistance of AIC and BIC statistics, the best model has been chosen among the three distributions. Lognormal distributed empirical data has the lowest AIC and BIC statistic compared with Weibull model and gamma model. Therefore, time to failure of the aircraft glass data best fitted with the lognormal survival model. Once the best model had been identified, the reliability measures like cumulative hazard rate, reliability function and mean time to failure are estimated in the paper. The hazard rate of aircraft glass is maximum during the period of 18.83-23.83 months. The aircraft glass has a decreasing failure rate (DFR) over time. The expected lifetime of aircraft glass is 31 months based on MTTF. The total amount of risk to aircraft glass failure until 48.83 months is 65 percent.

Research paper thumbnail of Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Metformin in Diabetes Mellitus Patients -Meta Analysis

RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 2019

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive and non-communicable disease. Around 9 percent of the pe... more Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive and non-communicable disease. Around 9 percent of the people suffer due to this disease in all over the world. There are several interventions available to treat the disease; one among them is Metformin. It is the choice of most of the clinical practitioners for treating DM. In this article, systematic review methodology has been adopted to assess the effect of the intervention ‘Metformin’. Systematic review finds solution for a research question through ‘n’ number of research articles which are already done by others. Several related articles are extracted from the internet and they are validated (whether good article or not) by five point Jadad scale. Good quality articles’ data are further analysed through Meta analysis. Thus, 5 articles are taken for the systematic review. Risk ratios are calculated in each selected articles and they are compared with one another. Random effect model has been applied to accommodate variation between studies in Meta analysis. Meta Analysis such as forest plot and funnel plot are used to validate the efficacy of the Metformin in DM patients. R-programming language is utilized to carry out the work. The results are displayed in tables and figures.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Factors Associated with Relapse of Drinking during a 1 Year Follow-up: A Retrospective Cohort of 70 Males Treated as In-Patient for Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

International Journal of Contemporary Medicine Surgery and Radiology , 2019

Intoduction: Relapse is a multi-factorial phenomenon and most likely to result from a combination... more Intoduction: Relapse is a multi-factorial phenomenon and most likely to result from a combination of various factors. This study was conducted to determine factors associated with relapse of drinking in patients who underwent deaddiction treatment programme. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study was done in patients who were admitted for in-patient deaddiction care programme between September 2017 and February 2018. The in-patient charts of the subjects were retrieved from the medical records department. The SADQ score at admission, CIWA - Ar score and The Brief Substance Craving Score at the time of discharge were taken from the record. Results: A total of 70 patients were recruited and the mean age of participant was 41.27 ± 11.07 years. At the end of 1 year the mean total no. of lapses was 9.9 ± 12.67 in the study population and the mean total number of relapses was 0.84 ± 0.94. The mean duration of complete abstinence last 1 year (CDA) in days was 272.43 ± 109.12. The mean no. of readmissions for de-addiction last 1 year was 0.23 ± 0.57 in the study population. Univariate analysis shows age at first drink in years, total duration of drinking in months and use of disulfiram and graduation as educational status are associated with higher odds of relapse. However, multiple regression model showed no statistically significant association. Conclusion: The complete abstinence was seen only in 31.43% of the population

Research paper thumbnail of Gender Differences on the Effect of Non-HDL-C on Blood Pressure, Blood Flow Velocities and Arterial Wall Thickness; An Observational Analysis in Madurai Population

Annals of International Medical and Dental Research, 2017

Background: Non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol has been shown to be a predictor of initial ... more Background: Non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol has been shown to be a predictor of initial coronary heart disease events and arthrogenic. Women from Madurai have been shown to develop dyslipedemias from an early agerequiring surgical intervention when compared to women from other regions of India. This observational study was undertaken to find if the women had a higher risk for CHD when compared to men from the same region. Methods: 50 subjects (n=50) were inducted into this study with 26 (52%) of them were males and 24 (48%) of them were females.Patients with significant past history of major illness were excluded, including dyslipidemias, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, myeloproliferative disorders, cardiac diseases and alcohol addiction. Blood lipid profile, Pulsed Doppler profile of right brachial artery blood flow velocities, Brachial arterial wall thickness, Blood pressure were measured. Results: In males there was significant correlation between Non HDL–C peak Systolic velocity (PSV), wall thickness (WT) and systolic Blood pressure (SBP) (P< 0.01) and End diastolic velocity (EDV) (p<0.05). Females in addition correlated significantly with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p<0.05) and without correlation with EDV. Total cholesterol (TC) in males were significantly correlated to PSV, EDV, WT and SBP (p<0.01). In females TC was significantly correlated to PSV, WT and SBP (P<0.01) and with DBP and Age (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results show that females in Madurai develop higher risk for CHD from an early age than men because, Non-HDL-C was correlated significantly with SBP and DBP, SPV and WT, where as in men there was no correlation with DBP, and TC was additionally correlated significantly with DBP and Age in females and not in males. Early intervention with life style changes, Dietary modifications and exercise program may mitigate these risk factors for CHD.

Research paper thumbnail of A Statistical Model to Predict Instantaneous Blood Pressure Using Velocity Measurements in the Radial Arteries

Annals of international medical and dental research, 2017

Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient’s BP th... more Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient’s BP than isolated clinic measures for continuous monitoring and rigorous control of hypertension. Regular users of ABPM hesitate to wear it because of aesthetic considerations and pain during inflation and deflation of the cuff. Methods: A statistical model is suggested from this study to aid in the development of wearable ABPM on the wrist which would aesthetical be acceptable and without pain. The model uses Blood flow velocities of the left and right radial arteries and their wall thickness to predict the Blood pressure at the right arm. Blood flow velocities (Peak systolic velocity- PSV and End diastolic velocity - EDV in cms/sec) and vessel wall thickness (in mm) were measured using B mode ultrasound and Doppler of 99 healthy persons. Results: The blood pressure of the right arm was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer prior to the measurement of the Blood flow velocities. Systolic BP = 1.183 (LRA PSV) + 38.903 (LWT) +72.193, Diastolic BP = 5.211 (LRA EDV) + 56.071 (LWT) + 26.231, Systolic BP = 1.753 (RRA PSV) + 40.060 (RWT) +59.659, Diastolic BP = 4.302 (RRA EDV) + 28.378 (RWT) + 42.795. Conclusion: This statistical model needs further refinement and can be only used as an initial step in the modeling of Blood pressure based on the Blood flow velocities in the development of wrist- wearable ABPM instruments.

Research paper thumbnail of A Statistical Model to Predict Instantaneous Blood Pressure Using Velocity Measurements in the Radial Arteries

Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2017

Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient's BP th... more Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient's BP than isolated clinic measures for continuous monitoring and rigorous control of hypertension. Regular users of ABPM hesitate to wear it because of aesthetic considerations and pain during inflation and deflation of the cuff. Methods: A statistical model is suggested from this study to aid in the development of wearable ABPM on the wrist which would aesthetical be acceptable and without pain. The model uses Blood flow velocities of the left and right radial arteries and their wall thickness to predict the Blood pressure at the right arm. Blood flow velocities (Peak systolic velocity-PSV and End diastolic velocity-EDV in cms/sec) and vessel wall thickness (in mm) were measured using B mode ultrasound and Doppler of 99 healthy persons. Results: The blood pressure of the right arm was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer prior to the measurement of the Blood flow velocities.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Passive and Active Upper limb Movements on Muscles of the Lower limbs in Spinal Cord Injury Patients

National Journal of Physiology , 2019

Background:The coordination of limb movements during locomotion is by the central pattern generat... more Background:The coordination of limb movements during locomotion is by the central pattern generators (CPG's) in spinal cord, regulated by supraspinal centers. Stimulation/Movement of upperlimb muscles elicited electrical activity in lower limb muscles in neurologically intact subjects. The present study aims to record electrical activity in lowerlimbs of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) patients during passive and active coordinated upper limb movements. Materials & methods: Seventeen acute spinal cord injury patients in the age group of 30-60 years were involved in the present study.7 acted as control and 10 were in the study group. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded in Quadriceps femoris, Hamstring, Tibialis anterior, Soleus, Gastrocnemius muscles of the lower limbs after different patterns of coordinated movements of the upper limbs using scorpio 2p/4p EMG, Allengers medical system limited, Chandigarh. Results were analysed with Fisher's Exact Test. Results: EMG activity in paretic lower limbs was greater for active (2kg 1kg load) than passive upper limb movements. Conclusion: Rhythmic arm movements could generate activity in paretic lower limb muscles by stimulating CPG's and this would be an additional effective rehabilitative therapy.

Research paper thumbnail of Survival Modeling and Analysis for Time to Failures of Aircraft Glass

International Journal of Scientific Research in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences , 2019

Assuring the reliability of components of an aircraft is very essential, as even a minor problem ... more Assuring the reliability of components of an aircraft is very essential, as even a minor problem in the aircraft leads to major risk to the passengers. In this study, the lifetime of aircraft glass is assessed through survival modeling. The aircraft glass failure data has been taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and it is assumed to follow the lifetime distributions. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic clearly reveals that the empirical data is fitted with the following theoretical distributions: gamma, Weibull and lognormal. The Maximum Likelihood Estimation method is used to estimate the parameters of the theoretical distributions. With the assistance of AIC and BIC statistics, the best model has been chosen among the three distributions. Lognormal distributed empirical data has the lowest AIC and BIC statistic compared with Weibull model and gamma model. Therefore, time to failure of the aircraft glass data best fitted with the lognormal survival model. Once the best model had been identified, the reliability measures like cumulative hazard rate, reliability function and mean time to failure are estimated in the paper. The hazard rate of aircraft glass is maximum during the period of 18.83-23.83 months. The aircraft glass has a decreasing failure rate (DFR) over time. The expected lifetime of aircraft glass is 31 months based on MTTF. The total amount of risk to aircraft glass failure until 48.83 months is 65 percent.

Research paper thumbnail of Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Metformin in Diabetes Mellitus Patients -Meta Analysis

RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 2019

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive and non-communicable disease. Around 9 percent of the pe... more Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive and non-communicable disease. Around 9 percent of the people suffer due to this disease in all over the world. There are several interventions available to treat the disease; one among them is Metformin. It is the choice of most of the clinical practitioners for treating DM. In this article, systematic review methodology has been adopted to assess the effect of the intervention ‘Metformin’. Systematic review finds solution for a research question through ‘n’ number of research articles which are already done by others. Several related articles are extracted from the internet and they are validated (whether good article or not) by five point Jadad scale. Good quality articles’ data are further analysed through Meta analysis. Thus, 5 articles are taken for the systematic review. Risk ratios are calculated in each selected articles and they are compared with one another. Random effect model has been applied to accommodate variation between studies in Meta analysis. Meta Analysis such as forest plot and funnel plot are used to validate the efficacy of the Metformin in DM patients. R-programming language is utilized to carry out the work. The results are displayed in tables and figures.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study of Factors Associated with Relapse of Drinking during a 1 Year Follow-up: A Retrospective Cohort of 70 Males Treated as In-Patient for Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

International Journal of Contemporary Medicine Surgery and Radiology , 2019

Intoduction: Relapse is a multi-factorial phenomenon and most likely to result from a combination... more Intoduction: Relapse is a multi-factorial phenomenon and most likely to result from a combination of various factors. This study was conducted to determine factors associated with relapse of drinking in patients who underwent deaddiction treatment programme. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study was done in patients who were admitted for in-patient deaddiction care programme between September 2017 and February 2018. The in-patient charts of the subjects were retrieved from the medical records department. The SADQ score at admission, CIWA - Ar score and The Brief Substance Craving Score at the time of discharge were taken from the record. Results: A total of 70 patients were recruited and the mean age of participant was 41.27 ± 11.07 years. At the end of 1 year the mean total no. of lapses was 9.9 ± 12.67 in the study population and the mean total number of relapses was 0.84 ± 0.94. The mean duration of complete abstinence last 1 year (CDA) in days was 272.43 ± 109.12. The mean no. of readmissions for de-addiction last 1 year was 0.23 ± 0.57 in the study population. Univariate analysis shows age at first drink in years, total duration of drinking in months and use of disulfiram and graduation as educational status are associated with higher odds of relapse. However, multiple regression model showed no statistically significant association. Conclusion: The complete abstinence was seen only in 31.43% of the population

Research paper thumbnail of Gender Differences on the Effect of Non-HDL-C on Blood Pressure, Blood Flow Velocities and Arterial Wall Thickness; An Observational Analysis in Madurai Population

Annals of International Medical and Dental Research, 2017

Background: Non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol has been shown to be a predictor of initial ... more Background: Non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol has been shown to be a predictor of initial coronary heart disease events and arthrogenic. Women from Madurai have been shown to develop dyslipedemias from an early agerequiring surgical intervention when compared to women from other regions of India. This observational study was undertaken to find if the women had a higher risk for CHD when compared to men from the same region. Methods: 50 subjects (n=50) were inducted into this study with 26 (52%) of them were males and 24 (48%) of them were females.Patients with significant past history of major illness were excluded, including dyslipidemias, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, myeloproliferative disorders, cardiac diseases and alcohol addiction. Blood lipid profile, Pulsed Doppler profile of right brachial artery blood flow velocities, Brachial arterial wall thickness, Blood pressure were measured. Results: In males there was significant correlation between Non HDL–C peak Systolic velocity (PSV), wall thickness (WT) and systolic Blood pressure (SBP) (P< 0.01) and End diastolic velocity (EDV) (p<0.05). Females in addition correlated significantly with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p<0.05) and without correlation with EDV. Total cholesterol (TC) in males were significantly correlated to PSV, EDV, WT and SBP (p<0.01). In females TC was significantly correlated to PSV, WT and SBP (P<0.01) and with DBP and Age (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results show that females in Madurai develop higher risk for CHD from an early age than men because, Non-HDL-C was correlated significantly with SBP and DBP, SPV and WT, where as in men there was no correlation with DBP, and TC was additionally correlated significantly with DBP and Age in females and not in males. Early intervention with life style changes, Dietary modifications and exercise program may mitigate these risk factors for CHD.

Research paper thumbnail of A Statistical Model to Predict Instantaneous Blood Pressure Using Velocity Measurements in the Radial Arteries

Annals of international medical and dental research, 2017

Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient’s BP th... more Background: Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) provides a more reliable measure of a patient’s BP than isolated clinic measures for continuous monitoring and rigorous control of hypertension. Regular users of ABPM hesitate to wear it because of aesthetic considerations and pain during inflation and deflation of the cuff. Methods: A statistical model is suggested from this study to aid in the development of wearable ABPM on the wrist which would aesthetical be acceptable and without pain. The model uses Blood flow velocities of the left and right radial arteries and their wall thickness to predict the Blood pressure at the right arm. Blood flow velocities (Peak systolic velocity- PSV and End diastolic velocity - EDV in cms/sec) and vessel wall thickness (in mm) were measured using B mode ultrasound and Doppler of 99 healthy persons. Results: The blood pressure of the right arm was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer prior to the measurement of the Blood flow velocities. Systolic BP = 1.183 (LRA PSV) + 38.903 (LWT) +72.193, Diastolic BP = 5.211 (LRA EDV) + 56.071 (LWT) + 26.231, Systolic BP = 1.753 (RRA PSV) + 40.060 (RWT) +59.659, Diastolic BP = 4.302 (RRA EDV) + 28.378 (RWT) + 42.795. Conclusion: This statistical model needs further refinement and can be only used as an initial step in the modeling of Blood pressure based on the Blood flow velocities in the development of wrist- wearable ABPM instruments.