Anat Nivsolomon | College of Staten Island (original) (raw)

Papers by Anat Nivsolomon

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Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely ... more Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely exist within only one domain, nor do the implications and options for decision making fail to encompass interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary issues. The ...

Simulation & Gaming, 2009

Negotiation is a process of exchange intellectually, socially, and in terms of the items (tangibl... more Negotiation is a process of exchange intellectually, socially, and in terms of the items (tangible or not) that provide the focal point for negotiations. In recent years, the English School has discussed international institutions from a normative point of view that emphasizes the development of shared norms and values. Actors are affected by their institutional surroundings and hence learn by doing and come to identify with the norms of the system. Primary institutions have developed over time and the international system is still evolving toward being more intertwined and toward the convergence realm on the spectrum, which ranges from power politics to coexistence to cooperation and then convergence. Thus far, most work in the English School tradition has tended to be normative and historical in approach. This article examines positive empirical evidence to support the theory of institutional development and social interaction. Using data from the GlobalEd project ( www.globaled.u...

International Studies Quarterly, 2009

Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as ... more Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as security, peace, war, and the use of military force in different ways than their male counterparts. These divergent conceptualizations in turn affect the way women interact with the world around them and make decisions. Moreover, research across a variety of

Globalisation, Societies and Education, 2007

The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of hi... more The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of high profile discussion and controversy. This paper begins with this ambivalence about the appropriate role for the United Nations in the world and examines several sets of issues that relate to the future of support for the UN within the US and the prospects for global governance more generally. First, we briefly review two thematic strands in previous and contemporary scholarship:(1) arguments for increased global governance in contemporary world affairs, driven by perceptions of the changing nature of the political, social, economic and military challenges in the contemporary world system. This debate is also put in the context of the relevance of public support for global governance institutions; and (2) why it is valuable to study how the current generation of adolescents perceive issues of global governance and the impact that their views may have on that nexus in the coming years. We then move to an analysis of data generated from an experimental study of American adolescents and their attitudes toward global governance.

globaled.uconn.edu

Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-directo... more Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-director of the GlobalEd Project. Natalie Florea, Anat Niv-Solomon, and Brian Urlacher are Ph.D. candidates in political science at the University of Connecticut. Scott W. Brown is a professor of ...

On 12 July 2006, Hezbollah operatives crossed into Israel and attacked a military patrol, killing... more On 12 July 2006, Hezbollah operatives crossed into Israel and attacked a military patrol, killing three soldiers and kidnapping two more. In retaliation to this incident Israel launched a military operation that resulted in 34 days of fighting between Hezbollah and Israel. The Israeli retaliation has been deemed to be severe and surprising. Furthermore, a public investigation commission established by the Israeli government implicated key decision-makers, and especially Prime Minister Olmert, as guilty of hasty and irresponsible decision-making. This article views this case through the lens of prospect theory, showing how the decision was made at the framing stage, and suggesting that this decision was not hasty but, rather, was consistent with the logic of loss-aversion. On the morning of 12 July 2006, Hezbollah operatives cut the fence and crossed the border from Lebanon into Israel, where they ambushed a military patrol. In the violent incident that developed two patrol vehicles were attacked, three Israeli Defense Force (IDF) soldiers were killed, three injured, and two were kidnapped into Lebanon. The Israeli reaction and retaliation was severe and sparked a war that lasted for 34 days and resulted in many casualties on both sides and widespread infrastructure and property damage. Combat fighting between IDF and Hezbollah forces took place in Lebanon; the Lebanese Army avoided direct involvement. Civilian life on both sides of the Lebanese–Israeli border was heavily interrupted because Israel often bombed Hezbollah targets located near civilians, and Hezbollah aimed a rocket campaign at military and civilian targets deep within northern Israel. The war ended with a UN guaranteed ceasefire and peacekeeping operation which came into power on 14 August 2006 (UNSC Resolution 1701). 1

ABSTRACT Conditional reciprocity has received much attention in recent years as a method for prom... more ABSTRACT Conditional reciprocity has received much attention in recent years as a method for promoting cooperation in a wide array of socio-political settings including international politics. But reciprocity is not always an interaction process that generates positive outcomes; sometimes following conditional reciprocity can create a negative spiral of action-reaction endemic to many international protracted conflicts. This research project addresses the question of under what conditions does reciprocity fail to produce cooperation and reciprocal dynamics lead to negative, instead of positive, cycles? Answering these questions is important for both scholars and practitioners of international negotiations and politics. Conceptually, this study uses the idea of critical junctures , thus far used mainly in the comparative politics field, in order to explain the development of reciprocal cycles. Methodologically, this is a systematic qualitative project and focuses on four case studies including border and maritime disputes between China and Vietnam, Thailand and Myanmar, Peru and Ecuador, and Mexico and Guatemala. This study argues that positive Tit-For-Tat (TFT) reciprocity and negative reciprocity can be seen as two ends of a continuum, one cooperative and the other conflictual. The argument here focuses on the interactions at the base of the reciprocal cycles and points to four factors in order to address and answer the above questions. One finding emphasizes power relations at the time of the first interaction, showing that power asymmetry is not conducive to the development of a positive cycle and instead encourages negative cycles. The second factor is issue saliency. The analysis shows that a positive TFT cycle can only develop when there is symmetry in issue saliency . The study further shows how important are the images of self and other held by decision makers. A positive TFT cycle will not develop when actors hold negative images of self and other. Finally, the analysis uses prospect theory to show how a positive TFT cycle will develop when both actors operate in the domain of gains or when the target state operates from the domain of gains.

International …, Jan 1, 2009

Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as ... more Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as security, peace, war, and the use of military force in different ways than their male counterparts.

Should U.S. Presidents invest time and energy in mediating international disputes? This question ... more Should U.S. Presidents invest time and energy in mediating international disputes? This question is relevant to both policy makers and scholars studying negotiations and mediation. U.S. presidents seem well positioned to play the role of mediators in international conflicts. Yet the record for U.S. presidents has been mixed. Building on the mediation literature, this article reviews the records of U.S. presidents (and their office) as mediators. This study uses semi-quantitative observations to present patterns associated with conflicts in which U.S. presidents attempted mediation.

Simulation & Gaming, 2011

DOI: 10.1177/1046878109341764 published online 13 August 2009 Simulation Gaming Urlacher, Scott W... more DOI: 10.1177/1046878109341764 published online 13 August 2009 Simulation Gaming Urlacher, Scott W. Brown and Donalyn Maneggia Anat Niv-Solomon, Laura L. Janik, Mark A. Boyer, Natalie Florea Hudson, Brian Simulated International Negotiations Evolving ...

All authors are associated with the GlobalEd Project (www.globaled.uconn.edu). Correspondence sho... more All authors are associated with the GlobalEd Project (www.globaled.uconn.edu). Correspondence should be sent to the first author at anat.niv-solomon@uconn.edu. ... James Der Derian (1995: 24-25) argues, “No other concept in international relations packs the

editlib.org

Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely ... more Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely exist within only one domain, nor do the implications and options for decision making fail to encompass interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary issues. The ...

Relation, 2008

... Paula R. Johnson Idaho State University Scott W. Brown, Clarisse O. Lima, Mark A. Boyer, Nata... more ... Paula R. Johnson Idaho State University Scott W. Brown, Clarisse O. Lima, Mark A. Boyer, Natalie Hudson, Anat Niv-Solomon, & Brian Urlacher University of Connecticut Paper presented at the AERA annual conference, San Francisco, CA, April 2006. ...

globaled.uconn.edu

Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-directo... more Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-director of the GlobalEd Project. Natalie Florea, Anat Niv-Solomon, and Brian Urlacher are Ph.D. candidates in political science at the University of Connecticut. Scott W. Brown is a professor of ...

globaled.uconn.edu

Contrary to previous gender research, differences in interest and confidence in discussing intern... more Contrary to previous gender research, differences in interest and confidence in discussing international issues were not found. A study using GlobalEd, a 6-week simulation of international negotiations using the web for high school students (N=200), indicates that those differences do not exist, suggesting greater participation of females in world issues.

globaled.uconn.edu

The globalized world we are living in is constantly challenging us to be aware of what's happenin... more The globalized world we are living in is constantly challenging us to be aware of what's happening and to learn how to acquire and use new skills in order to perform appropriately. Teachers, as the ones responsible for facilitating this learning process, should be introduced to global perspectives that will support them to prepare young people for this diverse and interconnected world. This study will present the GlobalEd Project as an example for this venue. GlobalEd is a problem-based learning simulation delivered via the web for students as their classes are assigned the role of a specific country with the goal of negotiating a treaty with one of the other participating classes/countries during a sixweek period. An ANOVA conducted on the Social Studies Knowledge Quiz administered to 331 middle school students indicated a significant pre-to post-test increase. The results are discussed within the Global Education perspective and the PBL framework.

Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2008

This study examined the potential of simulations to bolster interest in middle school social stud... more This study examined the potential of simulations to bolster interest in middle school social studies classrooms. Using a pre-post-design, we examined 305 middle school students (49% female) who participated in the web-based GlobalEd simulation. In contrast to the motivation declines middle school students usually experience, participants in this simulation became more interested in social studies. We investigated four hypotheses as to why these increases may have occurred. We found no support for the possibility that, (a) students' interest in a particular issue area or (b) their increased valuing of the subject matter, were related to their increased interest. However, results suggested that, (c) the challenging nature of the activity and (d) students' increased propensity to engage in social perspective taking may have bolstered their interest in social studies. The discussion explores future research directions and whether implications for classroom teachers are warranted given the correlational nature of the research.

Globalisation, Societies …, Jan 1, 2007

The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of hi... more The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of high profile discussion and controversy. This paper begins with this ambivalence about the appropriate role for the United Nations in the world and examines several sets of issues that relate to the future of support for the UN within the US and the prospects for global governance more generally. First, we briefly review two thematic strands in previous and contemporary scholarship:(1) arguments for increased global governance in contemporary world affairs, driven by perceptions of the changing nature of the political, social, economic and military challenges in the contemporary world system. This debate is also put in the context of the relevance of public support for global governance institutions; and (2) why it is valuable to study how the current generation of adolescents perceive issues of global governance and the impact that their views may have on that nexus in the coming years. We then move to an analysis of data generated from an experimental study of American adolescents and their attitudes toward global governance.

editlib.org

Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely ... more Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely exist within only one domain, nor do the implications and options for decision making fail to encompass interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary issues. The ...

Simulation & Gaming, 2009

Negotiation is a process of exchange intellectually, socially, and in terms of the items (tangibl... more Negotiation is a process of exchange intellectually, socially, and in terms of the items (tangible or not) that provide the focal point for negotiations. In recent years, the English School has discussed international institutions from a normative point of view that emphasizes the development of shared norms and values. Actors are affected by their institutional surroundings and hence learn by doing and come to identify with the norms of the system. Primary institutions have developed over time and the international system is still evolving toward being more intertwined and toward the convergence realm on the spectrum, which ranges from power politics to coexistence to cooperation and then convergence. Thus far, most work in the English School tradition has tended to be normative and historical in approach. This article examines positive empirical evidence to support the theory of institutional development and social interaction. Using data from the GlobalEd project ( www.globaled.u...

International Studies Quarterly, 2009

Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as ... more Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as security, peace, war, and the use of military force in different ways than their male counterparts. These divergent conceptualizations in turn affect the way women interact with the world around them and make decisions. Moreover, research across a variety of

Globalisation, Societies and Education, 2007

The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of hi... more The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of high profile discussion and controversy. This paper begins with this ambivalence about the appropriate role for the United Nations in the world and examines several sets of issues that relate to the future of support for the UN within the US and the prospects for global governance more generally. First, we briefly review two thematic strands in previous and contemporary scholarship:(1) arguments for increased global governance in contemporary world affairs, driven by perceptions of the changing nature of the political, social, economic and military challenges in the contemporary world system. This debate is also put in the context of the relevance of public support for global governance institutions; and (2) why it is valuable to study how the current generation of adolescents perceive issues of global governance and the impact that their views may have on that nexus in the coming years. We then move to an analysis of data generated from an experimental study of American adolescents and their attitudes toward global governance.

globaled.uconn.edu

Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-directo... more Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-director of the GlobalEd Project. Natalie Florea, Anat Niv-Solomon, and Brian Urlacher are Ph.D. candidates in political science at the University of Connecticut. Scott W. Brown is a professor of ...

On 12 July 2006, Hezbollah operatives crossed into Israel and attacked a military patrol, killing... more On 12 July 2006, Hezbollah operatives crossed into Israel and attacked a military patrol, killing three soldiers and kidnapping two more. In retaliation to this incident Israel launched a military operation that resulted in 34 days of fighting between Hezbollah and Israel. The Israeli retaliation has been deemed to be severe and surprising. Furthermore, a public investigation commission established by the Israeli government implicated key decision-makers, and especially Prime Minister Olmert, as guilty of hasty and irresponsible decision-making. This article views this case through the lens of prospect theory, showing how the decision was made at the framing stage, and suggesting that this decision was not hasty but, rather, was consistent with the logic of loss-aversion. On the morning of 12 July 2006, Hezbollah operatives cut the fence and crossed the border from Lebanon into Israel, where they ambushed a military patrol. In the violent incident that developed two patrol vehicles were attacked, three Israeli Defense Force (IDF) soldiers were killed, three injured, and two were kidnapped into Lebanon. The Israeli reaction and retaliation was severe and sparked a war that lasted for 34 days and resulted in many casualties on both sides and widespread infrastructure and property damage. Combat fighting between IDF and Hezbollah forces took place in Lebanon; the Lebanese Army avoided direct involvement. Civilian life on both sides of the Lebanese–Israeli border was heavily interrupted because Israel often bombed Hezbollah targets located near civilians, and Hezbollah aimed a rocket campaign at military and civilian targets deep within northern Israel. The war ended with a UN guaranteed ceasefire and peacekeeping operation which came into power on 14 August 2006 (UNSC Resolution 1701). 1

ABSTRACT Conditional reciprocity has received much attention in recent years as a method for prom... more ABSTRACT Conditional reciprocity has received much attention in recent years as a method for promoting cooperation in a wide array of socio-political settings including international politics. But reciprocity is not always an interaction process that generates positive outcomes; sometimes following conditional reciprocity can create a negative spiral of action-reaction endemic to many international protracted conflicts. This research project addresses the question of under what conditions does reciprocity fail to produce cooperation and reciprocal dynamics lead to negative, instead of positive, cycles? Answering these questions is important for both scholars and practitioners of international negotiations and politics. Conceptually, this study uses the idea of critical junctures , thus far used mainly in the comparative politics field, in order to explain the development of reciprocal cycles. Methodologically, this is a systematic qualitative project and focuses on four case studies including border and maritime disputes between China and Vietnam, Thailand and Myanmar, Peru and Ecuador, and Mexico and Guatemala. This study argues that positive Tit-For-Tat (TFT) reciprocity and negative reciprocity can be seen as two ends of a continuum, one cooperative and the other conflictual. The argument here focuses on the interactions at the base of the reciprocal cycles and points to four factors in order to address and answer the above questions. One finding emphasizes power relations at the time of the first interaction, showing that power asymmetry is not conducive to the development of a positive cycle and instead encourages negative cycles. The second factor is issue saliency. The analysis shows that a positive TFT cycle can only develop when there is symmetry in issue saliency . The study further shows how important are the images of self and other held by decision makers. A positive TFT cycle will not develop when actors hold negative images of self and other. Finally, the analysis uses prospect theory to show how a positive TFT cycle will develop when both actors operate in the domain of gains or when the target state operates from the domain of gains.

International …, Jan 1, 2009

Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as ... more Increasingly, scholars have taken note of the tendency for women to conceptualize issues such as security, peace, war, and the use of military force in different ways than their male counterparts.

Should U.S. Presidents invest time and energy in mediating international disputes? This question ... more Should U.S. Presidents invest time and energy in mediating international disputes? This question is relevant to both policy makers and scholars studying negotiations and mediation. U.S. presidents seem well positioned to play the role of mediators in international conflicts. Yet the record for U.S. presidents has been mixed. Building on the mediation literature, this article reviews the records of U.S. presidents (and their office) as mediators. This study uses semi-quantitative observations to present patterns associated with conflicts in which U.S. presidents attempted mediation.

Simulation & Gaming, 2011

DOI: 10.1177/1046878109341764 published online 13 August 2009 Simulation Gaming Urlacher, Scott W... more DOI: 10.1177/1046878109341764 published online 13 August 2009 Simulation Gaming Urlacher, Scott W. Brown and Donalyn Maneggia Anat Niv-Solomon, Laura L. Janik, Mark A. Boyer, Natalie Florea Hudson, Brian Simulated International Negotiations Evolving ...

All authors are associated with the GlobalEd Project (www.globaled.uconn.edu). Correspondence sho... more All authors are associated with the GlobalEd Project (www.globaled.uconn.edu). Correspondence should be sent to the first author at anat.niv-solomon@uconn.edu. ... James Der Derian (1995: 24-25) argues, “No other concept in international relations packs the

editlib.org

Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely ... more Problem solving and decision making in the world is interdisciplinary in nature. Problems rarely exist within only one domain, nor do the implications and options for decision making fail to encompass interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary issues. The ...

Relation, 2008

... Paula R. Johnson Idaho State University Scott W. Brown, Clarisse O. Lima, Mark A. Boyer, Nata... more ... Paula R. Johnson Idaho State University Scott W. Brown, Clarisse O. Lima, Mark A. Boyer, Natalie Hudson, Anat Niv-Solomon, & Brian Urlacher University of Connecticut Paper presented at the AERA annual conference, San Francisco, CA, April 2006. ...

globaled.uconn.edu

Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-directo... more Mark A. Boyer is a professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and co-director of the GlobalEd Project. Natalie Florea, Anat Niv-Solomon, and Brian Urlacher are Ph.D. candidates in political science at the University of Connecticut. Scott W. Brown is a professor of ...

globaled.uconn.edu

Contrary to previous gender research, differences in interest and confidence in discussing intern... more Contrary to previous gender research, differences in interest and confidence in discussing international issues were not found. A study using GlobalEd, a 6-week simulation of international negotiations using the web for high school students (N=200), indicates that those differences do not exist, suggesting greater participation of females in world issues.

globaled.uconn.edu

The globalized world we are living in is constantly challenging us to be aware of what's happenin... more The globalized world we are living in is constantly challenging us to be aware of what's happening and to learn how to acquire and use new skills in order to perform appropriately. Teachers, as the ones responsible for facilitating this learning process, should be introduced to global perspectives that will support them to prepare young people for this diverse and interconnected world. This study will present the GlobalEd Project as an example for this venue. GlobalEd is a problem-based learning simulation delivered via the web for students as their classes are assigned the role of a specific country with the goal of negotiating a treaty with one of the other participating classes/countries during a sixweek period. An ANOVA conducted on the Social Studies Knowledge Quiz administered to 331 middle school students indicated a significant pre-to post-test increase. The results are discussed within the Global Education perspective and the PBL framework.

Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2008

This study examined the potential of simulations to bolster interest in middle school social stud... more This study examined the potential of simulations to bolster interest in middle school social studies classrooms. Using a pre-post-design, we examined 305 middle school students (49% female) who participated in the web-based GlobalEd simulation. In contrast to the motivation declines middle school students usually experience, participants in this simulation became more interested in social studies. We investigated four hypotheses as to why these increases may have occurred. We found no support for the possibility that, (a) students' interest in a particular issue area or (b) their increased valuing of the subject matter, were related to their increased interest. However, results suggested that, (c) the challenging nature of the activity and (d) students' increased propensity to engage in social perspective taking may have bolstered their interest in social studies. The discussion explores future research directions and whether implications for classroom teachers are warranted given the correlational nature of the research.

Globalisation, Societies …, Jan 1, 2007

The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of hi... more The appropriate role for the United Nations in international dispute resolution is a matter of high profile discussion and controversy. This paper begins with this ambivalence about the appropriate role for the United Nations in the world and examines several sets of issues that relate to the future of support for the UN within the US and the prospects for global governance more generally. First, we briefly review two thematic strands in previous and contemporary scholarship:(1) arguments for increased global governance in contemporary world affairs, driven by perceptions of the changing nature of the political, social, economic and military challenges in the contemporary world system. This debate is also put in the context of the relevance of public support for global governance institutions; and (2) why it is valuable to study how the current generation of adolescents perceive issues of global governance and the impact that their views may have on that nexus in the coming years. We then move to an analysis of data generated from an experimental study of American adolescents and their attitudes toward global governance.