R.K.S. Kushwaha | Christ Church College, Kanpur,India (original) (raw)

Papers by R.K.S. Kushwaha

Archives of Applied Science Research, 2014

Two hundred thirty four fungal strains were isolated by baiting method, for their feather degrada... more Two hundred thirty four fungal strains were isolated by baiting method, for their feather degradation and keratinase producing ability. Fungi were tested on solid milk agar plates and in submerged culture. Maximum clearing zone was made by Chrysosporium indicum (7mm) on solid agar plates. The highest keratinase production was found in case of Acremonium strictum (74.40Unit/mL & 124.72 Unit/ml in 8 & 12 day incubation respectively, while Chrysosporium indicum 110.10U/mL and Chrysosporium tropicum 78.64U/mL was found next to it.

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics, 2000

Chrysosporium aquaticum sp.nov, a keratinophilic Hyphomycetes was isolated from bottom sediments ... more Chrysosporium aquaticum sp.nov, a keratinophilic Hyphomycetes was isolated from bottom sediments of Ganges River near Kanpur, India by using human hair as bait. Its characteristics differentiate it from other species. This article can be downloaded from www.ijpbs.net

Trichophyton mentagrophytes is a keratinophylic fungus belonging to a homogeneous group of fungi ... more Trichophyton mentagrophytes is a keratinophylic fungus belonging to a homogeneous group of fungi called the dermatophytes. The dermatophytes cause a variety of cutaneous infections in humans and animals. T. mentagrophytes has at least five different variants which make up the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex. Two perfect states Arthroderma benhamiae and Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii have been ascribed for T. mentagrophytes. The organism has variable characteristics with anthropophilic form producing sparse aerial mycelium with numerous spores. The zoophilic isolate produces powdery or granular colonies. Microscopically the most consistent feature of T. mentagrophytes is the production of globose microaleuriospores arranged in grape-like clusters. T. mentagrophytes assimilates phosphorus, potassium, sodium and calcium. It utilizes methionine but is inhibited by folic acid. The organism has been recovered from a variety of sources such as soil, floor of swimming pools, hairs of wild ...

The genus Chrysosporium is reviewed including its 11 species without intercalary conidia, 29 spec... more The genus Chrysosporium is reviewed including its 11 species without intercalary conidia, 29 species with intercalary conidia, three species with uncertain position and four undescribed species with their report of isolation, physiology, antagonistic, keratinolytic and pathogenic potentials. Research revealed considerable biotechnological potential for recycling keratinous waste in soil and secretion of enzymes and antimicrobials. Its taxonomic relation with dermatophytes and their relatives is of immense importance. Germplasm collection of Chrysosporium and its teleomorphic connections is aplaused.

The Journal of Indian Botanical Society, 1990

Since ancient times, fungi have had a major role in food, feed and beverages. During the last cen... more Since ancient times, fungi have had a major role in food, feed and beverages. During the last century the accidental discovery of penicillin from the filamentous fungus Penicillium sp. led to discovery of antibiotics. The fungal antibiotics penicillin, cephalosporin, griseofulvin, ...

BioTechnology: An Indian Journal, 2011

Keratin azure and feather degradation in soil determines the amount of keratin degradation during... more Keratin azure and feather degradation in soil determines the amount of keratin degradation during the activity of different fungi in different combinations in soil. The aim of this study is to evaluate degree of feather degradation in soil by non dermatophytic fungi acting singly and in combination. Fungi frequently occurring in soil were selected for hen feather and keratin azure degradation in vitro individually and in combination in different sets in soil. It is concluded that 20 fungi tested showed feather and keratin azure degradation in culture. Five selected fungi Acremonium implicatum, Chrysosporium queenslandicum, Chrysosporium pannicola, Malbranchea pulchella and Verticillium lecanii, when used in combination with Chrysosporium keratinophilum showed feather and keratin azure degradation. Further feather and keratin azure degradation wasmonitored in soilwhen these were used individually and in combinationwith C. keratinophilum and almost above 90% degradation was recorded. ...

We applied the freeze-substituion method to the detailed observation of the ascosporogenesis in A... more We applied the freeze-substituion method to the detailed observation of the ascosporogenesis in Arthroderma simii. The ascospore formation of A. simii underwent the same processes as did that of other dermatophytes, namely an enveloping membrane system (EMS) composed of two invaginated unit membranes that delimit the daughter nuclei in the cytoplasm of the ascus. The inner leaflet of the EMS was found to have changed into an ascospore plasma membrane, whereas the outer leaflet and intercisternal space became the ascospore cell wall. In the freeze-substituted asci, we could not observe the lomasomal structure thought to be the origin of the EMS in dermatophytes.

Advances in Applied Science Research, 2012

Five-level-five factors concept was utilized for the optimization for keratinase production by Ac... more Five-level-five factors concept was utilized for the optimization for keratinase production by Acremonium strictum RKS1. Experiments were performed as a function Duration, pH, Amount of substrate, Nitrogen source and Carbon source. Optimization of these five parameters for the maximum production of keratinase was studied. Statistically designed experiment using response surface methodology was used to get more information about the significant effect and the interaction between the five parameters. 2n full factorial central composite design was employed for the experimental design and analysis of result. The optimum process condition for maximum enzyme production as follows: Duration 12.8 day, 10 pH, Amount of substrate 199mg, Nitrogen source 3.5% and Carbon source 3%. The maximum keratin production was achieved (92.7%) at the optimum process conditions.

Advances in Applied Science Research, 2015

Two hundred thirty four fungi obtained from various habitat of Kanpur are used for estimation of ... more Two hundred thirty four fungi obtained from various habitat of Kanpur are used for estimation of protein release and amino acids in submerged state fermentation. Considerable amount of protein is released by Chrysosporium tropicum, Penicillium griseofulvum and Aphanoascus terreus, 432.66 μg/ml, 359.33 μg/ml and 339.66 μg/ml respectively. Maximum amount of lysine and cysteine was released by Acremonium strictum 18.00 μg/ml and 32.00 μg/ml. Pea plant supplemented with degraded feather showed better growth. Application of feather waste as slow nitrogen fertilizer may improve disposal as well as environmental clean-up.

The data on the occurrence of keratinolytic fungi in sewage, municipal solid waste and waste-cont... more The data on the occurrence of keratinolytic fungi in sewage, municipal solid waste and waste-contaminated habitats are reviewed. In these habitats, keratinolytic fungi occur with extreme abundance. The factors influencing qualitative and quantitative compositions of the fungi in the habitats are discussed. It is concluded that keratinolytic fungi can be the bioindicators of environmental pollution with waste. The compositions indicate not only the presence of keratin remnants and faecal contaminants in the environment but also respond to the changes in environmental conditions. Fungal indices also indicate the infection risk associated with contamination of the environment with potential fungal pathogens. The needs for further studies are discussed.

©2000 Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia Apdo. 699, E-48080 Bilbao (Spain) The management of der... more ©2000 Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia Apdo. 699, E-48080 Bilbao (Spain) The management of dermatophytosis begins with topical agents. These agents should penetrate the skin and remain there in order to suppress the fungus. In the last 50 years numerous drugs have been introduced for the treatment of superficial infections. The choice of treatment is determined by the site and extent of the infection, the species involved as well as by the efficacy and safety profile, and kinetics of the drugs available. For localised non-extensive lesions caused by dermatophytes topical therapies with an imidazole, allylamines, tolnaftate, morpholine derivates, etc is generally used. For tinea unguium, scalp ringworm, extensive dermatophytosis, or skin lesions with folliculitis, systemic antifungal treatment is necessary. The rational treatment of dermatophytosis requires mycological confirmation (KOH and culture); in other words the clinician should confirm a presumptive clinical diagnosis of d...

The status of Saksenea vasiformis discovered by S.B. Saksena from soil of Sagar forests in 1953, ... more The status of Saksenea vasiformis discovered by S.B. Saksena from soil of Sagar forests in 1953, now found distributed all over the world as serious pathogen, is reviewed. Its morphology, clinical aspects, pathogenecity, case reports, antibiotic sensitivity, treatment and molecular phylogeny is also reviewed. Almost all the citations dealing with fungus are included.

Phylogenetic relationships of 57 species of Chrysosporium and related species belonging to Onygen... more Phylogenetic relationships of 57 species of Chrysosporium and related species belonging to Onygenales and Sordariales were studied by analysing the nucleotide sequences of the 5•8S rRNA gene and their flanking ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Chrysosporium is a polyphyletic taxon with affiliations to at least two orders of the Ascomycota. The phylogenetic trees obtained in this study divided the genus into nine highly supported monophyletic groups (clades I-IX). However, relationships among these groups were not resolved. These groups were consistent for both methods of comparison (neighbor-joining and parsimony) and clearly correlated with groupings based on classical morphological criteria, enzymatic capabilities and teleomorph morphology. The genus Chrysosporium should be restricted to anamorphs of Onygenales, while Geomyces should be restricted to anamorphs of Myxotrichaceae and Myceliophthora to anamorphs of Sordariales. This study also demonstrates that several pairs of species are very similar, which suggests that they are synonymous, e.g. C. articulatum and A. reticulosporus; C. keratinophilum and A. keratinophilus and C. lucknowense and C. mephiticum.

Revista Iberoamericana De …, 2000