Hasan Kutlu | Çukurova University (original) (raw)

Papers by Hasan Kutlu

Harran tarım ve gıda bilimleri dergisi, Oct 27, 2016

LBPL+Lik inokulant katkılı olarak 6 gruptan oluşmaktadır. LC1363 (Lactococcus laktis subsp. cremo... more LBPL+Lik inokulant katkılı olarak 6 gruptan oluşmaktadır. LC1363 (Lactococcus laktis subsp. cremoris) ve LCLDH (LDH mutant Lactococcus laktis subsp. cremoris) ile LBPL+Lik (Lactobacillus plantarum) gruplar, (1,3-1,4) glukanaz (likenaz) enzim genine sahip rekombinant inokulantlar içermektedir. İnokulantlar silajlara 1.5x10 7 cfu/g düzeyinde katılmışlardır. Silajı gruplarında 7, 14, 28 ve 56 günlük silolama süresi sonunda pH, kuru madde, ham protein, ham yağ, ham kül, ham selüloz, NDF ve ADF düzeyleri tespit edilmiştir. pH, ham protein, ham kül ve ADF değerleri bakımından silolamanın 7, 14, 28 ve 56. günlerinde ham selüloz ve NDF değerleri bakımından silolamanın 14, 28 ve 56. günlerinde, kuru madde içerikleri bakımından 28 ve 56. günlerde gruplar arasında farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle arpa silajında rekombinant inokulant kullanımının, deneysel koşullarda silajın yem değeri ve aerobik stabilitesini artırdığını göstermiştir.

Harran tarım ve gıda bilimleri dergisi, Dec 29, 2016

Silaj gruplarında 96. saat gaz üretim miktarları bakımından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar öneml... more Silaj gruplarında 96. saat gaz üretim miktarları bakımından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur. Silaj gruplarında ME, NEL düzeyleri ve OMS bakımından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur. Burada, silaj katkı maddesi olarak LBPL ve LBPL+Lik inokulantlarının kullanımı arpa silajlarında ME, NEL ve OMS düzeylerini önemli derece iyileştirmiştir. Sonuç olarak çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle arpa silajında rekombinant inokulant kullanımının, deneysel koşullarda silajın yem değerini artırdığını göstermiştir.

Revista Cubana de Ciencia Agrícola, 2003

The present study was carried out to examine the effects of the dietary inclusion of flax or grap... more The present study was carried out to examine the effects of the dietary inclusion of flax or grape seed oils on the egg yolk fatty acid composition in two consecutive trials using Brown layer hens. In each experiment, after a 2 week acclimatising period, a total of 72 hens, 28 week old, were allotted in 4 equal groups (18 birds in each group) according to the seed oil doses (0%, 1%, 2% and 4%) included into the standard diet for 8 weeks. The fatty acid composition of the egg yolk was analysed at the beginning and at the end of each experimental period by gas chromatography. When the flax seed oil (rich in a-linolenic acid) was included to the diet, the proportions of the lignoceric (C24:0) and the linoleic (CI8:2, n-6) acids gradually decreased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) whereas the ?-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-3) percentage and the n-3/n-6 ratio significantly increased according to the included dose (P < 0.01) in the egg yolk. On the contrary, the yolk lignoceric acid content increased (P < 0.05) and the a-linolenic acid proportion as well as the n-3/n-6 ratio significantly decreased in a dose-dependant manner (P < 0.05) when the grape seed oil (rich in linoleate) was used. These results show that the dietary inclusion of 1% to 4% seed oils significantly affects the yolk acid composition and mainly the a-linoleate proportions and the n-3/n-6 ratio and that the flax seed oil contrary to the grape seed oil induced a marked accumulation of the n-3 acid in yolk probably by promoting its direct deposition

EPC 2006 - 12th European Poultry Conference, Verona, Italy, 10-14 September, 2006., 2006

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate whether dietary supplemental vitamin B 6 , a... more The objectives of the present study were to evaluate whether dietary supplemental vitamin B 6 , and L-carnitine affect growth performance of broilers under high temperature regime. A two by two factorial arrangement was employed with two levels (0 or 3 mg/kg) of supplemental vitamin B 6 in feed and two levels (0 or 60 mg/kg) of supplemental L-carnitine in drinking water as main effects. 72, oneday-old broiler chicks were divided in four treatment groups (group 1: no supp., group 2: 3ppm vit B 6 , group 3: 60 ppm L-carnitine, group 4: 3ppm vit B 6 +60 ppm L-carnitine), comprising 18 bird each, in a complete randomized design. The birds were randomly allocated in individual cages under heat stress condition (34 to 36°C for 8 h and 20-22°C for 16 h per day) for a period of 42 days. Feed and water were provided ad libitum under 24 hours lighting regime. During the trial growth performance was evaluated by measuring feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency weekly. At the end of the feeding period, the birds were slaughtered for carcass analyses. The data were analysed ANOVA procedure of SAS (1987). The threshold for significance was P ≤0.05. The results obtained at 42 days of age showed that body weight gain (2210 g, 2154 g, 2077 g and 2258 g in groups 1 to 4, respectively) and feed intake (3653 g, 3598g, 3464 g and 3762 g in groups 1 to 4, respectively) were significantly improved by vitamin B 6 +L-carnitine supplementation at the end of the experiment. Supplemental vitamin B 6 +L-carnitine significantly increased carcass weight (1645 g, 1618 g, 1553 g and 1698 g in groups 1 to 4, respectively). Additionally, vitamin B 6 x Lcarnitine interactions were observed on body weight gain, feed intake and carcass weight, in which B 6 supplementation exhibited its positive effects on performance when used with L-carnitine, while having no positive effects when used alone. It was also observed that vitamin B 6 and/or L-carnitine had no significant effects on feed conversion efficiency, carcass yield, liver and abdominal fat weight of broilers under the present experimental condition. It is concluded that dietary supplemental vitamin B 6 +L-carnitine could have positive effects on body weight gain, feed intake and carcass weight growing in broilers.

Journal of Applied Animal Research, Sep 1, 2001

Kutlu, H.R., Gorgulu, M. and Unsal, I. 2001 Effects of dietary Yucca. schidigera powder on perfor... more Kutlu, H.R., Gorgulu, M. and Unsal, I. 2001 Effects of dietary Yucca. schidigera powder on performance and egg cholesterol content of laying hens.

International Journal of Poultry Science, Aug 15, 2010

Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi dergisi, Jun 24, 2023

Bal arıları günlük yaşamlarında; protein, karbonhidrat, lipit, vitamin, mineral ve suya gereksini... more Bal arıları günlük yaşamlarında; protein, karbonhidrat, lipit, vitamin, mineral ve suya gereksinim duymaktadır. Bal arıları, bitkilerden elde edilen polen ve nektar ile beslenmektedir. Polen önemli bir protein, vitamin ve mineral kaynağı olup, nektar ise arıların karbonhidrat ihtiyacını karşılamaktadır. Ancak yılın bazı dönemlerinde kötü hava koşulları arı beslenmesini olumsuz yönde etkilemekte ve arılar için besin kaynakları (nektar ve polen gibi) yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu dönemlerde arıların hayatta kalması ve popülasyonlarının artması için polen takviyesi veya farklı yem formülasyonları kullanılmalıdır. Son yıllarda araştırmacılar, biyolojik olarak aktif maddelerin önemli kaynakları olan mikroalgleri önermektedir. Bu algler arasında Spirulina yüksek protein ve vitamin içeriğine sahip olmasının yanında, esansiyel amino asit, yağ asitleri, mineral ve antioksidanlarca oldukça zengindir. Bu projede, arı kekine %5, %10 ve %20 oranında kullanılan Spirulina platensis'in, bal arısı (Apis mellifera) gelişimi, bal üretimi ve varroa üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Bal arısı, Spirulina, Varroa, arı keki, bal verimi. Spirulina platensis Algae in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) Use Against Varroa destructor Parasite and Investigation of Effects on the Performance of Honey Bee Colonies ABSTRACT Honey bess needs protein, carcohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals and water in their daiy lives. Honey bees feed with pollen and nectar. Pollen is an important source of protein, vitamins and minerals while nectar meets the carbohydrate needs of bees. However bad weather conditions negatively affect bee nutrition in some periods of the year, and food sources insufficient for bees. During these periods, pollen supplements or different feed formulations should be used for bees to survive and increase their populations. In recent years, researchers have suggested microalges as important sources of biologically active substances. In this project, the effects of %5, %10 and %20 Spirulina platensis used in bee cake on honey bee development, honey production and varroa were investigated.

Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi dergisi, 2000

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, Oct 17, 2005

Two studies were conducted to evaluate 1. the effectiveness of sprinkler+fan (SF) and fish meal (... more Two studies were conducted to evaluate 1. the effectiveness of sprinkler+fan (SF) and fish meal (FM) and 2. SF and protected fat (PF) in alleviation of heat stress in dairy cows in mid lactation. The studies were carried out in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, in a 4 × 4 Latin square design on four multiparous lactating dairy cows. The treatments in the first trial were 1. no SF and no FM, 2. no SF and 3.67% FM in the diet (on DM basis), 3. SF and no FM and 4. SF and 3.67% FM. The treatments in the second trial were 1. no SF and no PF, 2. no SF and 2.54% PF in the diet (on DM basis), 3. SF and no PF and 4. SF and 2.54% PF. Cows were fed with isoenergetic and isonitrogenic TMR, containing 2.52 Mcal ME/kg DM and 180 g CP/kg DM. The cows received mild heat stress for 9 h (from 07.00 to 10.00 and from 17.00 to 23.00) and moderate heat stress for 7 h (from 10.00 to 17.00) daily for the entire experimental period. SF decreased (P<0.05) rectal and skin temperature and respiration rate. SF improved milk yield for 2.21 kg in the first trial (P<0.07, 19.24 vs 21.45 kg d-1) and 1.22 kg in the second one (P=0.15, 19.47 vs 20.69 kg d-1). FM had no effect on milk yield of neither cooled nor no cooled cows, but tended to increase (P=0.12) milk protein, independently from SF application. Additionally, PF increased FCM and fat yield (P<0.05) and tended to increase (P=0.

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production, Mar 1, 1992

Birds are normally able to synthesize adequate amounts of ascorbic acid (AA). However, there are ... more Birds are normally able to synthesize adequate amounts of ascorbic acid (AA). However, there are many indications that under stress they cannot produce enough AA for their metabolic needs. In particular, heat stress has been implicated in increasing birds’ demand for AA (Scott, 1975; Sykes, 1978; Coates, 1984). These reports suggest that conditions may exist in which endogenous AA synthesis of birds is not adequate to meet the physiological needs for optimum performance and that during such conditions exogenous supplementation with AA could be beneficial. This study was conducted to determine if dietary supplemental AA would alleviate heat-induced deterioration in performance and metabolism of broiler chicks and also to characterize the changes in body temperature, thyroid weight and blood components as affected by supplemental AA and/or heating.

British Poultry Science, Dec 1, 1998

In many countries of the world, farmers use different kinds of food and food additives depending ... more In many countries of the world, farmers use different kinds of food and food additives depending on the local conditions and availability of food and food additives sources. Some of these applications in animal nutrition are not cited in the scienti c literature but continue on the basis of local, empirical experience. One of such inclusion in poultry nutrition is wood (oak) charcoal in diets in order to prevent or medicate fatty liver syndrome in layer. Local farmers claimed that about 5% of oak charcoal in layer diets helps to maintain egg production and health when layers exhibit the symptoms of fatty liver syndrome. Similar claims are made by local broiler farmers, who add 2% to 5% oak charcoal to the diets to prevent fatness and improve food conversion ef ciency. It is well known that activated charcoal, obtained by treating charcoal with chemicals, has a binding effects on toxins, intestinal gases and fat because of its highly absorbent characteristic (Blacow, 1972). Studies have shown that dietary activated charcoal could have the potential to prevent toxicosis in farm animals (Jindal et al., 1994; McLennan and Amos, 1989). However, as far as we are aware, wood charcoal has not been tested to evaluate its potential to maintain and/or improve health and production quality in chickens. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine whether dietary wood charcoal (with 87% crude bre content) would affect performance, abdominal fat weight, carcase weight, composition (crude fat, ash, protein and moisture), and nutrient excretion of broiler chicks

Mevcut çalışma tam kontrollü deneme odası (laboratuvar)'nda yetiştirilen etlik civcivlerin pe... more Mevcut çalışma tam kontrollü deneme odası (laboratuvar)'nda yetiştirilen etlik civcivlerin performansı üzerine ıslak yeme dayalı besleme etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Normal çevre sıcaklığı altında yürütülen denemede 1 hafta yaşlı erkek etlik civcivler 5 ayrı deneme grubu içerisinde 3 hafta süreyle serbest olarak yemlenmiştir. Deneme yemleri, ağrılık esasına göre standart etlik civciv yemi ve musluk suyunun 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5 ve 1:2 oranlarında karıştırılmasıyla hazırlanmıştır. Deneme sonunda, yeme su katkısıyla etlik civcivlerin kuru madde tüketimleri ve canlı ağırlık kazançlarının önemli (P<0.05) düzeyde arttırılabileceği görülmüş, en yüksek performans artışı 1:1.5 oranında yem:su karışımıyla beslenen grupta elde edilmiştir. Öte yandan ıslak yemle beslemenin kuru madde çevirim oranı üzerine önemli (P<0.05) bir etkisi görülmemiştir

"Sıcaklık stresi" deyimi organizmanın termonötralitenin üzerindeki çevre sıcaklıklarına... more "Sıcaklık stresi" deyimi organizmanın termonötralitenin üzerindeki çevre sıcaklıklarına karşı tepkisini tarif etmek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Termonötralitenin üzerindeki çevre sıcaklıklarında yetiştirilen etlik piliçlerin yem tüketimleri, canlı ağırlık kazançları ve yemden yararlanma düzeyleri önemli oranda düşmekte ve organizmada tam olarak anlaşılmayan bir seri kompleks fizyolojik değişimler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Kümeslerde yapay soğutma işlemlerinin pahalı olması araştırıcıları değişik besleme çalışmalarına yöneltmiş ve etlik piliçlerin performansı üzerine sıcaklık stresinin olumsuz etkisini azaltmak amacıyla son 20 yıl içerisinde değişik yem ve yemleme metodları incelenmiş ve değişik düzeyde başarılar elde edilmiştir

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Oct 25, 2000

The present study was carried out to determine the diurnal feeding patterns of broiler chickens g... more The present study was carried out to determine the diurnal feeding patterns of broiler chickens given a choice between ascorbic acid (AA) supplemented and unsupplemented feeds under heated or unheated conditions. Broiler chickens were offered supplemented (with 200 mg AA/kg feed) and unsupplemented feeds, and the feeding behaviour for each feed was monitored by continuous recording of the weight of the feed container for 4 days under unheated (UH) and the next 4 days under heated (H) conditions. The weight and timing of each meal was used to calculate cumulative feed intake, AA intake, number of meals, mean meal size and length, intermeal interval, interval length, eating time and consumption rate. The results showed that heating had a significant (P<0.05) effect on feed selection and AA intake; under UH, birds consumed 8.75 mg AA by selecting 70% unsupplemented and 30% supplemented feed of 152 g total intake, while under H they consumed 17.92 mg AA by eating 38% unsupplemented and 62% supplemented feed of 148 g total intake. Although under both temperature regimes the number of meals eaten from both feeds per bird per day was 55, 0.73 of those being meals from 1 food only. Under UH, 0.78 of single meals were from unsupplemented feed, and of all mixed meals 0.14 were started with unsupplemented feed. However, under H, 0.62 of single meals were taken from supplemented feed, and 0.60 of all mixed meals were initiated with supplemented feed. As a result, the eating time for unsupplemented feed was longer throughout a day under UH whereas birds spent longer consuming supplemented feed during a day under H. It is concluded that birds can regulate their AA intake according to environmental temperature, and that the regulation occurs not only on a weekly or longer basis, but also in much shorter periods, i.e., on a daily basis as soon as birds differentiate two feeds varying in AA content.

EPC 2006 - 12th European Poultry Conference, Verona, Italy, 10-14 September, 2006., 2006

The study was conducted to determine whether dietary supplemental plant extracts could have the p... more The study was conducted to determine whether dietary supplemental plant extracts could have the potential as alternative growth promoters to antibiotics. One hundred and five, 1-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in the experiment. The animals were allocated into seven dietary treatments groups in a complete randomized design. The groups were as follow: 1. Control (basal diet), 2. Antibiotic (basal diet + 10 mg flavomycin/kg diet), 3. Yucca schidigera (Basal diet + 120 mg Yucca schidigera extract/kg diet) 4. Oreganum vulgare (Basal diet + 120 mg Oreganum vulgare esanstial oil/kg diet), 5. Thymus vulgaris (Basal diet + 120 mg Thymus vulgaris esantial oil/kg diet), 6. Syzigium aromaticum (Basal diet + 120 mg Syzygium aromaticum esantial oil/kg diet), 7. Zingiber officinale (Basal diet + 120 mg Zingiber officinale essential oil/kg diet). Each group was fed ad libitum its own diet for a period of 42 days. The data were analyzed using GLM procedure of SAS (1987). Antibiotics or plant extract supplementation did not influence (P>0.05) body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency significantly; however, treatments groups achieved numerically higher performance values. The highest weigh gain was achieved with antibiotic or Z. officinale. The birds receiving Z. officinale also attained the highest carcass weight and abdominal fat weight. The results with respect to cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose showed that cholesterol concentration was not influenced (P>0.05) by dietary treatments, however, glucose concentration was elevated (P<0.05) by Z. officinale, while triglyceride concentration was increased (P<0.05) by Z. officinale and also S. aromaticum. Plant extracts used in the trials also affected weight and length of some part of digestive tract. Especially, supplementation of O. vulgare or Z. officinale or S. aromaticum reduced (P<0.05) total length of digestive tract but increased (P<0.05) weight of jejunum. The results also showed that supplemental Z. officinale increased (P<0.05) the number of lactic acid bacteria in the jejunum. It was concluded that dietary supplemental plant extracts, especially Z. officinale increased growth performance and number of beneficial bacteria. It could be speculated that Z. officinale could be of value to replace antibiotics which have been banned to use as growth promoter in animal feeds.

DergiPark (Istanbul University), Sep 30, 2022

Broyler damızlık tavuk Organik mineral/vitamin karışımı Yumurta verimi Kabuk kalitesi

Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Aug 25, 2022

Harran tarım ve gıda bilimleri dergisi, Oct 27, 2016

LBPL+Lik inokulant katkılı olarak 6 gruptan oluşmaktadır. LC1363 (Lactococcus laktis subsp. cremo... more LBPL+Lik inokulant katkılı olarak 6 gruptan oluşmaktadır. LC1363 (Lactococcus laktis subsp. cremoris) ve LCLDH (LDH mutant Lactococcus laktis subsp. cremoris) ile LBPL+Lik (Lactobacillus plantarum) gruplar, (1,3-1,4) glukanaz (likenaz) enzim genine sahip rekombinant inokulantlar içermektedir. İnokulantlar silajlara 1.5x10 7 cfu/g düzeyinde katılmışlardır. Silajı gruplarında 7, 14, 28 ve 56 günlük silolama süresi sonunda pH, kuru madde, ham protein, ham yağ, ham kül, ham selüloz, NDF ve ADF düzeyleri tespit edilmiştir. pH, ham protein, ham kül ve ADF değerleri bakımından silolamanın 7, 14, 28 ve 56. günlerinde ham selüloz ve NDF değerleri bakımından silolamanın 14, 28 ve 56. günlerinde, kuru madde içerikleri bakımından 28 ve 56. günlerde gruplar arasında farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle arpa silajında rekombinant inokulant kullanımının, deneysel koşullarda silajın yem değeri ve aerobik stabilitesini artırdığını göstermiştir.

Harran tarım ve gıda bilimleri dergisi, Dec 29, 2016

Silaj gruplarında 96. saat gaz üretim miktarları bakımından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar öneml... more Silaj gruplarında 96. saat gaz üretim miktarları bakımından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur. Silaj gruplarında ME, NEL düzeyleri ve OMS bakımından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur. Burada, silaj katkı maddesi olarak LBPL ve LBPL+Lik inokulantlarının kullanımı arpa silajlarında ME, NEL ve OMS düzeylerini önemli derece iyileştirmiştir. Sonuç olarak çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, özellikle arpa silajında rekombinant inokulant kullanımının, deneysel koşullarda silajın yem değerini artırdığını göstermiştir.

Revista Cubana de Ciencia Agrícola, 2003

The present study was carried out to examine the effects of the dietary inclusion of flax or grap... more The present study was carried out to examine the effects of the dietary inclusion of flax or grape seed oils on the egg yolk fatty acid composition in two consecutive trials using Brown layer hens. In each experiment, after a 2 week acclimatising period, a total of 72 hens, 28 week old, were allotted in 4 equal groups (18 birds in each group) according to the seed oil doses (0%, 1%, 2% and 4%) included into the standard diet for 8 weeks. The fatty acid composition of the egg yolk was analysed at the beginning and at the end of each experimental period by gas chromatography. When the flax seed oil (rich in a-linolenic acid) was included to the diet, the proportions of the lignoceric (C24:0) and the linoleic (CI8:2, n-6) acids gradually decreased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) whereas the ?-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-3) percentage and the n-3/n-6 ratio significantly increased according to the included dose (P < 0.01) in the egg yolk. On the contrary, the yolk lignoceric acid content increased (P < 0.05) and the a-linolenic acid proportion as well as the n-3/n-6 ratio significantly decreased in a dose-dependant manner (P < 0.05) when the grape seed oil (rich in linoleate) was used. These results show that the dietary inclusion of 1% to 4% seed oils significantly affects the yolk acid composition and mainly the a-linoleate proportions and the n-3/n-6 ratio and that the flax seed oil contrary to the grape seed oil induced a marked accumulation of the n-3 acid in yolk probably by promoting its direct deposition

EPC 2006 - 12th European Poultry Conference, Verona, Italy, 10-14 September, 2006., 2006

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate whether dietary supplemental vitamin B 6 , a... more The objectives of the present study were to evaluate whether dietary supplemental vitamin B 6 , and L-carnitine affect growth performance of broilers under high temperature regime. A two by two factorial arrangement was employed with two levels (0 or 3 mg/kg) of supplemental vitamin B 6 in feed and two levels (0 or 60 mg/kg) of supplemental L-carnitine in drinking water as main effects. 72, oneday-old broiler chicks were divided in four treatment groups (group 1: no supp., group 2: 3ppm vit B 6 , group 3: 60 ppm L-carnitine, group 4: 3ppm vit B 6 +60 ppm L-carnitine), comprising 18 bird each, in a complete randomized design. The birds were randomly allocated in individual cages under heat stress condition (34 to 36°C for 8 h and 20-22°C for 16 h per day) for a period of 42 days. Feed and water were provided ad libitum under 24 hours lighting regime. During the trial growth performance was evaluated by measuring feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency weekly. At the end of the feeding period, the birds were slaughtered for carcass analyses. The data were analysed ANOVA procedure of SAS (1987). The threshold for significance was P ≤0.05. The results obtained at 42 days of age showed that body weight gain (2210 g, 2154 g, 2077 g and 2258 g in groups 1 to 4, respectively) and feed intake (3653 g, 3598g, 3464 g and 3762 g in groups 1 to 4, respectively) were significantly improved by vitamin B 6 +L-carnitine supplementation at the end of the experiment. Supplemental vitamin B 6 +L-carnitine significantly increased carcass weight (1645 g, 1618 g, 1553 g and 1698 g in groups 1 to 4, respectively). Additionally, vitamin B 6 x Lcarnitine interactions were observed on body weight gain, feed intake and carcass weight, in which B 6 supplementation exhibited its positive effects on performance when used with L-carnitine, while having no positive effects when used alone. It was also observed that vitamin B 6 and/or L-carnitine had no significant effects on feed conversion efficiency, carcass yield, liver and abdominal fat weight of broilers under the present experimental condition. It is concluded that dietary supplemental vitamin B 6 +L-carnitine could have positive effects on body weight gain, feed intake and carcass weight growing in broilers.

Journal of Applied Animal Research, Sep 1, 2001

Kutlu, H.R., Gorgulu, M. and Unsal, I. 2001 Effects of dietary Yucca. schidigera powder on perfor... more Kutlu, H.R., Gorgulu, M. and Unsal, I. 2001 Effects of dietary Yucca. schidigera powder on performance and egg cholesterol content of laying hens.

International Journal of Poultry Science, Aug 15, 2010

Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi dergisi, Jun 24, 2023

Bal arıları günlük yaşamlarında; protein, karbonhidrat, lipit, vitamin, mineral ve suya gereksini... more Bal arıları günlük yaşamlarında; protein, karbonhidrat, lipit, vitamin, mineral ve suya gereksinim duymaktadır. Bal arıları, bitkilerden elde edilen polen ve nektar ile beslenmektedir. Polen önemli bir protein, vitamin ve mineral kaynağı olup, nektar ise arıların karbonhidrat ihtiyacını karşılamaktadır. Ancak yılın bazı dönemlerinde kötü hava koşulları arı beslenmesini olumsuz yönde etkilemekte ve arılar için besin kaynakları (nektar ve polen gibi) yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu dönemlerde arıların hayatta kalması ve popülasyonlarının artması için polen takviyesi veya farklı yem formülasyonları kullanılmalıdır. Son yıllarda araştırmacılar, biyolojik olarak aktif maddelerin önemli kaynakları olan mikroalgleri önermektedir. Bu algler arasında Spirulina yüksek protein ve vitamin içeriğine sahip olmasının yanında, esansiyel amino asit, yağ asitleri, mineral ve antioksidanlarca oldukça zengindir. Bu projede, arı kekine %5, %10 ve %20 oranında kullanılan Spirulina platensis'in, bal arısı (Apis mellifera) gelişimi, bal üretimi ve varroa üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Bal arısı, Spirulina, Varroa, arı keki, bal verimi. Spirulina platensis Algae in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) Use Against Varroa destructor Parasite and Investigation of Effects on the Performance of Honey Bee Colonies ABSTRACT Honey bess needs protein, carcohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals and water in their daiy lives. Honey bees feed with pollen and nectar. Pollen is an important source of protein, vitamins and minerals while nectar meets the carbohydrate needs of bees. However bad weather conditions negatively affect bee nutrition in some periods of the year, and food sources insufficient for bees. During these periods, pollen supplements or different feed formulations should be used for bees to survive and increase their populations. In recent years, researchers have suggested microalges as important sources of biologically active substances. In this project, the effects of %5, %10 and %20 Spirulina platensis used in bee cake on honey bee development, honey production and varroa were investigated.

Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi dergisi, 2000

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, Oct 17, 2005

Two studies were conducted to evaluate 1. the effectiveness of sprinkler+fan (SF) and fish meal (... more Two studies were conducted to evaluate 1. the effectiveness of sprinkler+fan (SF) and fish meal (FM) and 2. SF and protected fat (PF) in alleviation of heat stress in dairy cows in mid lactation. The studies were carried out in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, in a 4 × 4 Latin square design on four multiparous lactating dairy cows. The treatments in the first trial were 1. no SF and no FM, 2. no SF and 3.67% FM in the diet (on DM basis), 3. SF and no FM and 4. SF and 3.67% FM. The treatments in the second trial were 1. no SF and no PF, 2. no SF and 2.54% PF in the diet (on DM basis), 3. SF and no PF and 4. SF and 2.54% PF. Cows were fed with isoenergetic and isonitrogenic TMR, containing 2.52 Mcal ME/kg DM and 180 g CP/kg DM. The cows received mild heat stress for 9 h (from 07.00 to 10.00 and from 17.00 to 23.00) and moderate heat stress for 7 h (from 10.00 to 17.00) daily for the entire experimental period. SF decreased (P<0.05) rectal and skin temperature and respiration rate. SF improved milk yield for 2.21 kg in the first trial (P<0.07, 19.24 vs 21.45 kg d-1) and 1.22 kg in the second one (P=0.15, 19.47 vs 20.69 kg d-1). FM had no effect on milk yield of neither cooled nor no cooled cows, but tended to increase (P=0.12) milk protein, independently from SF application. Additionally, PF increased FCM and fat yield (P<0.05) and tended to increase (P=0.

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production, Mar 1, 1992

Birds are normally able to synthesize adequate amounts of ascorbic acid (AA). However, there are ... more Birds are normally able to synthesize adequate amounts of ascorbic acid (AA). However, there are many indications that under stress they cannot produce enough AA for their metabolic needs. In particular, heat stress has been implicated in increasing birds’ demand for AA (Scott, 1975; Sykes, 1978; Coates, 1984). These reports suggest that conditions may exist in which endogenous AA synthesis of birds is not adequate to meet the physiological needs for optimum performance and that during such conditions exogenous supplementation with AA could be beneficial. This study was conducted to determine if dietary supplemental AA would alleviate heat-induced deterioration in performance and metabolism of broiler chicks and also to characterize the changes in body temperature, thyroid weight and blood components as affected by supplemental AA and/or heating.

British Poultry Science, Dec 1, 1998

In many countries of the world, farmers use different kinds of food and food additives depending ... more In many countries of the world, farmers use different kinds of food and food additives depending on the local conditions and availability of food and food additives sources. Some of these applications in animal nutrition are not cited in the scienti c literature but continue on the basis of local, empirical experience. One of such inclusion in poultry nutrition is wood (oak) charcoal in diets in order to prevent or medicate fatty liver syndrome in layer. Local farmers claimed that about 5% of oak charcoal in layer diets helps to maintain egg production and health when layers exhibit the symptoms of fatty liver syndrome. Similar claims are made by local broiler farmers, who add 2% to 5% oak charcoal to the diets to prevent fatness and improve food conversion ef ciency. It is well known that activated charcoal, obtained by treating charcoal with chemicals, has a binding effects on toxins, intestinal gases and fat because of its highly absorbent characteristic (Blacow, 1972). Studies have shown that dietary activated charcoal could have the potential to prevent toxicosis in farm animals (Jindal et al., 1994; McLennan and Amos, 1989). However, as far as we are aware, wood charcoal has not been tested to evaluate its potential to maintain and/or improve health and production quality in chickens. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine whether dietary wood charcoal (with 87% crude bre content) would affect performance, abdominal fat weight, carcase weight, composition (crude fat, ash, protein and moisture), and nutrient excretion of broiler chicks

Mevcut çalışma tam kontrollü deneme odası (laboratuvar)'nda yetiştirilen etlik civcivlerin pe... more Mevcut çalışma tam kontrollü deneme odası (laboratuvar)'nda yetiştirilen etlik civcivlerin performansı üzerine ıslak yeme dayalı besleme etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Normal çevre sıcaklığı altında yürütülen denemede 1 hafta yaşlı erkek etlik civcivler 5 ayrı deneme grubu içerisinde 3 hafta süreyle serbest olarak yemlenmiştir. Deneme yemleri, ağrılık esasına göre standart etlik civciv yemi ve musluk suyunun 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5 ve 1:2 oranlarında karıştırılmasıyla hazırlanmıştır. Deneme sonunda, yeme su katkısıyla etlik civcivlerin kuru madde tüketimleri ve canlı ağırlık kazançlarının önemli (P<0.05) düzeyde arttırılabileceği görülmüş, en yüksek performans artışı 1:1.5 oranında yem:su karışımıyla beslenen grupta elde edilmiştir. Öte yandan ıslak yemle beslemenin kuru madde çevirim oranı üzerine önemli (P<0.05) bir etkisi görülmemiştir

"Sıcaklık stresi" deyimi organizmanın termonötralitenin üzerindeki çevre sıcaklıklarına... more "Sıcaklık stresi" deyimi organizmanın termonötralitenin üzerindeki çevre sıcaklıklarına karşı tepkisini tarif etmek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Termonötralitenin üzerindeki çevre sıcaklıklarında yetiştirilen etlik piliçlerin yem tüketimleri, canlı ağırlık kazançları ve yemden yararlanma düzeyleri önemli oranda düşmekte ve organizmada tam olarak anlaşılmayan bir seri kompleks fizyolojik değişimler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Kümeslerde yapay soğutma işlemlerinin pahalı olması araştırıcıları değişik besleme çalışmalarına yöneltmiş ve etlik piliçlerin performansı üzerine sıcaklık stresinin olumsuz etkisini azaltmak amacıyla son 20 yıl içerisinde değişik yem ve yemleme metodları incelenmiş ve değişik düzeyde başarılar elde edilmiştir

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Oct 25, 2000

The present study was carried out to determine the diurnal feeding patterns of broiler chickens g... more The present study was carried out to determine the diurnal feeding patterns of broiler chickens given a choice between ascorbic acid (AA) supplemented and unsupplemented feeds under heated or unheated conditions. Broiler chickens were offered supplemented (with 200 mg AA/kg feed) and unsupplemented feeds, and the feeding behaviour for each feed was monitored by continuous recording of the weight of the feed container for 4 days under unheated (UH) and the next 4 days under heated (H) conditions. The weight and timing of each meal was used to calculate cumulative feed intake, AA intake, number of meals, mean meal size and length, intermeal interval, interval length, eating time and consumption rate. The results showed that heating had a significant (P<0.05) effect on feed selection and AA intake; under UH, birds consumed 8.75 mg AA by selecting 70% unsupplemented and 30% supplemented feed of 152 g total intake, while under H they consumed 17.92 mg AA by eating 38% unsupplemented and 62% supplemented feed of 148 g total intake. Although under both temperature regimes the number of meals eaten from both feeds per bird per day was 55, 0.73 of those being meals from 1 food only. Under UH, 0.78 of single meals were from unsupplemented feed, and of all mixed meals 0.14 were started with unsupplemented feed. However, under H, 0.62 of single meals were taken from supplemented feed, and 0.60 of all mixed meals were initiated with supplemented feed. As a result, the eating time for unsupplemented feed was longer throughout a day under UH whereas birds spent longer consuming supplemented feed during a day under H. It is concluded that birds can regulate their AA intake according to environmental temperature, and that the regulation occurs not only on a weekly or longer basis, but also in much shorter periods, i.e., on a daily basis as soon as birds differentiate two feeds varying in AA content.

EPC 2006 - 12th European Poultry Conference, Verona, Italy, 10-14 September, 2006., 2006

The study was conducted to determine whether dietary supplemental plant extracts could have the p... more The study was conducted to determine whether dietary supplemental plant extracts could have the potential as alternative growth promoters to antibiotics. One hundred and five, 1-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in the experiment. The animals were allocated into seven dietary treatments groups in a complete randomized design. The groups were as follow: 1. Control (basal diet), 2. Antibiotic (basal diet + 10 mg flavomycin/kg diet), 3. Yucca schidigera (Basal diet + 120 mg Yucca schidigera extract/kg diet) 4. Oreganum vulgare (Basal diet + 120 mg Oreganum vulgare esanstial oil/kg diet), 5. Thymus vulgaris (Basal diet + 120 mg Thymus vulgaris esantial oil/kg diet), 6. Syzigium aromaticum (Basal diet + 120 mg Syzygium aromaticum esantial oil/kg diet), 7. Zingiber officinale (Basal diet + 120 mg Zingiber officinale essential oil/kg diet). Each group was fed ad libitum its own diet for a period of 42 days. The data were analyzed using GLM procedure of SAS (1987). Antibiotics or plant extract supplementation did not influence (P>0.05) body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency significantly; however, treatments groups achieved numerically higher performance values. The highest weigh gain was achieved with antibiotic or Z. officinale. The birds receiving Z. officinale also attained the highest carcass weight and abdominal fat weight. The results with respect to cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose showed that cholesterol concentration was not influenced (P>0.05) by dietary treatments, however, glucose concentration was elevated (P<0.05) by Z. officinale, while triglyceride concentration was increased (P<0.05) by Z. officinale and also S. aromaticum. Plant extracts used in the trials also affected weight and length of some part of digestive tract. Especially, supplementation of O. vulgare or Z. officinale or S. aromaticum reduced (P<0.05) total length of digestive tract but increased (P<0.05) weight of jejunum. The results also showed that supplemental Z. officinale increased (P<0.05) the number of lactic acid bacteria in the jejunum. It was concluded that dietary supplemental plant extracts, especially Z. officinale increased growth performance and number of beneficial bacteria. It could be speculated that Z. officinale could be of value to replace antibiotics which have been banned to use as growth promoter in animal feeds.

DergiPark (Istanbul University), Sep 30, 2022

Broyler damızlık tavuk Organik mineral/vitamin karışımı Yumurta verimi Kabuk kalitesi

Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Aug 25, 2022