Anil Kumar | Central University of Himachal Pradesh (original) (raw)

Papers by Anil Kumar

ShodhSamajik: Journal of Social Studies, 2024

This article examines the rediscovery of the Sapt Sindhu civilization and its contemporary signif... more This article examines the rediscovery of the Sapt Sindhu civilization and its contemporary significance in shaping India’s cultural and political identity. Scholars, nationalists, and cultural theorists, among others, have played an essential role in searching for and reconstructing this civilization. Rooted in the ancient Indus Valley civilization, the Sapt Sindhu has come to symbolize India’s historical unity and cultural continuity. The article explores how this rediscovery is used to strengthen national pride, particularly in the context of a diverse and pluralistic society. Drawing on sociological insights, it analyzes the ways in which the narrative of the Sapt Sindhu is employed to construct a unified national identity, often at the expense of complex social realities such as caste, regionalism, and gender. Through a critical examination of historical texts, contemporary political discourse, and media representations, the article underscores the potential for such idealized representations of the past to either unify or divide, depending on their use. The methodological approach is rooted in the sociological analysis of national identity formation, cultural memory, and the politics of history. By using theories of collective memory, social identity, and post-colonialism, the study explores how the Sapt Sindhu narrative is both a tool for social cohesion and a potential site of exclusion for marginalized groups. The article concludes by advocating for a more inclusive understanding of India’s cultural history, one that respects the diversity of its social structures and addresses the needs of contemporary society.

Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 2022

Breast and cervical cancers are the two most common cancers among Indian women. Due to the improv... more Breast and cervical cancers are the two most common cancers among Indian women. Due to the improved diagnosis and treatment modalities, survival rates have been steadily increasing. Diagnosis and treatment of cancer bring many physical and psychological changes. However, the irony is that the treating team and family members tend to focus on the treatment of cancer. This review paper made a modest attempt to explore the availability of published literature on breast cancer survivorship health issues from an Indian perspective. It also aims to delineate the differences in the survivorship needs of rural and urban Indian women. There is a paucity of literature on breast cancer survivorship and its issues. The majority of the issues were related to physical problems secondary to cancer treatment. Softer issues such as information needs, counselling, body image alterations, changes in clothing, avoidance of society, mental distress, support, body image disturbance, and decreased sexual desires.

Dogri Translation of 'Hindu Society: An Interpretation' by Irawati Karve

Nursing & Midwifery Research Journal, 2024

Background: An assessment of the clinical competency of nurses at the time of their graduation is... more Background: An assessment of the clinical competency of nurses at the time of their graduation is essential to get a fair estimate of their level of competence. It helps to lessen the burden on the healthcare system. A “Comprehensive Nursing Competence Assessment Questionnaire (CNCAQ)” has been constructed to fulfil this purpose.
Aim: This study aims to develop and validate a CNCAQ to determine the perceived clinical competence of final-year nursing graduates who are about to graduate within three months from selected private and government nursing colleges in India.
Methods: A mixed methodology was used and completed in two phases. In phase 1, along with an extensive literature review, focus group discussions, expert evaluation, and pretesting were done, in which 10 nursing experts participated. In phase 2, data were collected from 649 nursing graduates to establish the validity of the construct. The study period was from August to October 2022.
Results: The developed CNCAQ has 36 items, comprising four sections: (a) conceptual knowledge and skill in routine nursing care; (b) skill in basic nursing procedures; (c) skill in advanced nursing procedures; and (d) assessment of infusion/transfusion-related nursing procedures. The overall reliability of the tool was 0.963, indicating its high reliability. Overall, there was no difference in clinical competency skills between female and male upcoming nursing graduates. However, statistically significant differences in basic nursing skills and advanced and analytical nursing skills were observed.
Conclusions: Assessing nursing students’ competencies is crucial to ensure that they possess the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to provide safe and effective patient care. The development and validation of a valid and reliable instrument for assessing nursing competencies are essential to evaluate nursing students’ clinical performance accurately. In the present research, a tool with a total of 36 items was used. It demonstrates high reliability; however, it needs to be applied to a larger population of nursing graduates with diverse backgrounds. Nurse educators and administrators can use it to assess the level of competence and, accordingly, a tailor-made induction program based on identified weak areas in theoretical and practical knowledge or skill can be developed. No patient’s were involved in the study. It involved developing a CNCAQ and validating it on a selected group of upcoming nursing graduates.

Kashmir Journal of Legal Studies, 2023

This article is a socio-legal and theological perspective on the development of religious identit... more This article is a socio-legal and theological perspective on the development of religious identities in India. It is based on a survey of reports on the Census of India and the province of Punjab. The authors argue that the complexity of cultural identities is not a result of the distinctiveness of religious identities. Instead, the plurality of cultures fosters a variety of religious identities in society. Moreover, an institution, religion, for example, is strengthened and defined by the mixed practices of the people. This argument reflects the journey of contestations of various religious concepts and social meanings that raise more questions and do not reach a final conclusion. However, it does not mean that, in the course of unclarity, one should not pursue the epistemological approach to find meanings of such concepts; instead, it provides more answers than just one solution to a problem. In addition, this paper is also an attempt to bring two perspectives, viz socio-legal and theological, together to discuss the concerns of society in relation to the institution of religion for which a fieldwork was carried out in the Punjab region of North India.

International Journal of Research in Sociology and Social Anthropology, 2013

“Social thinking to scientific social theory is an expedition not only passed through by the conv... more “Social thinking to scientific social theory is an expedition not only passed through by the conventional social thinkers but everyone who showed a concern for culture in general and the understanding of it in particular. Therefore, this journey is travelled by the academic civilization as well as the non-scholarly people through experiences of the ―world – we call society.

International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 2018

The present article traces the development of the concept of social justice through different phi... more The present article traces the development of the concept of social justice through different philosophical traditions. The notion and philosophy of 'Justice' is the core of socio-legal and political streams and ethics. The idea of justice is applied not just to individual engagements but to broader aspects such as public policies and laws of the land. Justice is often used in the context of 'righteousness' and as a 'virtue'. Still, it is not easy to define and completely clarify the concept of justice. We can analyse it by employing specific terms, which acquaint us with the best possible understanding of justice. A single definition would not suffice to fulfil our aim of the study. Therefore, in this essay, the author delineates how philosophers and thinkers have theorised 'Justice' throughout ancient, medieval and modern times.

Shodh Sanchar Bulletin, 2021

The concept of the Ashrama system stands as a foundational element within the Indian societal str... more The concept of the Ashrama system stands as a foundational element within the Indian societal structure yet finds limited discourse within contemporary society. This article delves into the enduring relevance of the ancient Hindu ashrama system in modern society. Analysing the four life stages – Brahmacharya, Grihastha, Vanaprastha, and Sanyasa, the study navigates their philosophical underpinnings and their applicability in today's intricate societal landscape. It highlights that each ashrama is relevant to a person's development, individual faculties and society. The
article elucidates how the ashrama system offers a holistic framework for personal growth, duty, and spiritual evolution by examining the intersection of tradition and contemporary challenges. Through a balanced synthesis of ancient wisdom and present-day realities, this exploration sheds light on the ashrama system's potential to inspire purposeful living in the modern age.

Journal of Society in Kashmir, 2021

Social media, particularly social networking sites, provide expansive windows opened to see throu... more Social media, particularly social networking sites, provide expansive windows opened to see through the life of its users. Exposure to others' lives on social networking sites may consider increased feelings of personal relative deprivation, as the feeling of being deprived arises from comparing oneself to others. Researchers have found that women have the tendency to make upward social comparisons with others, which ultimately results in increased negative feelings about themselves. If there is a desire for online social comparison among young women, can it lead to compulsive checking of social networking sites? Till date, there is little work done in India that looks into the effects of social comparison among women through social media platforms and feelings of relative deprivation thereafter. This paper attempts to examine how the social comparison on online platforms leads to a sense of relative deprivation among young women social media users in Jammu and Kashmir.

Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research, 2023

Offences against property encompass a broad spectrum of transgressions, each governed by specific... more Offences against property encompass a broad spectrum of transgressions, each governed by specific provisions within the Indian Penal Code (IPC). However, the distinctive crime of snatching remains conspicuously absent from singular legislative coverage, being instead addressed through disparate sections of the IPC. Regrettably, victims of snatching often find themselves denied justice as existing legal measures lack the potency to combat this menace effectively. The prevailing legal framework not only falls short in prescribing proportionate penalties for such acts but also needs to offer compensatory solace to those aggrieved. This article contends that although snatching may not be explicitly categorised as an independent offence, its severity warrants immediate attention from policymakers. The ramifications of snatching extend beyond the initial act itself, often leading to physical harm, grievous injuries, and even fatalities. Shockingly, the perpetrators of snatching evade liability for these graver collateral consequences, which eclipses the act of snatching itself. To mitigate losses both to property and human life, the imperative of introducing stringent legislation to address snatching cannot be overstated. This article aims to elucidate the modus operandi of snatching, underscore its multifaceted repercussions, and advocate for the essential criminalisation of snatching by integrating specific and effective deterrent provisions into the Indian Penal Code.

European Chemical Bulletin, 2023

Reliability refers to how much the test, process, or instrument produces similar results under di... more Reliability refers to how much the test, process, or instrument produces similar results under different conditions under similar conditions. Reliability is crucial for tests intended to be stable over time. Although it's impossible to determine Reliability precisely, various techniques exist to assess it. This article focuses on methods for computing reliability in quantitative data, including ratio and interval data. The primary purpose of this paper is to discuss the idea of Reliability and present the calculation of Reliability for commonly used research instruments in simple language with examples. The article presents methods and measures of statistical Reliability. It includes Stability, internal consistency, and equivalence measurement. The authors estimated the Stability of the instrument using Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation by adopting the test and retest method. Internal consistency of the instrument was estimated by Spearman-Brown Prophecy, Kuder-Richardson 20, Kuder-Richardson 21, and Cronbach's alpha formulas. The Cohen kappa correlation coefficient and Fleiss kappa correlation coefficient estimated the equivalence of the instrument. It is concluded that young and inexperienced researchers should know the significance of Reliability, its measures and how to ascertain it correctly. A greater understanding of score reliability will help them to avoid misunderstandings and write and discuss cautiously about Reliability estimates.

THE MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING, 2023

This review aims at understanding the true picture of venous thromboembolism prevalence among the... more This review aims at understanding the true picture of venous thromboembolism prevalence among the Indian population over the last two decades. Although a majority of research studies had identified the occurrence of venous thromboembolism among Orthopaedic patients, it was not a rarity in neurosurgery, urology, burns, gynaecology, and critical care patients. The history of long travelling /flying had also proved a significant causative factor. Healthcare professionals should be alert to this hospital never event and follow best practice treatment algorithms based on international guidelines. Public awareness through social media should also be created to understand venous thromboembolism which can be fatal at times.

AVAHAN: A Peer Reviewed International Journal on Hospitality & Tourism Research, 2022

The present study investigates the role of social entrepreneurship & government’s support for bui... more The present study investigates the role of social entrepreneurship & government’s support for building Craftsmanship via various schemes and incentives in Kashmir valley, Jammu, and Kashmir, Union territory, India. The crafting culture is majorly passed down from generation to generation. Still, after analysing the data available on the subject, Craftsmen feel neglected due to urbanization and large-scale product and service development. They cannot sell their products at the prices they are expected to earn for the amount of effort put in to assure the quality and originality of the product (Kramrisch, 1958). In addition, Craftspeople have been further marginalized by the rapid expansion and multiplication of industries, resulting in a scenario of quality compromise and leaving them with few or no choices for finding clients for their well-crafted products. This study is based on secondary data and is exploratory cum descriptive. The data revealed that government operates various schemes for promoting craftsmanship in the Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir. Also, the data showed that multiple incentives are provided to artisans to uplift their crafting business.

International Journal of Communication and Social Research, 2017

With the legal logjam on Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, as it perceives sexual activities ... more With the legal logjam on Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, as it perceives sexual activities “against the order of nature” punishable by law and carries a sentence. There has been a queer buzz going on in India. Nobel Laureate, Amartya Sen, acclaimed writer Vikram Seth and other prominent Indians publicly demanded the repeal of the said Section. Surfacing of Gay pride marches on the streets of a couple of metropolitan cities in India has become a trend of the day. Participants of such marches are seen sporting pink triangles and walking under the long LGBT flags. The word ‘queer’, once hurled or whispered as an insult is now proudly claimed as a marker of transgression by people who once called themselves lesbians or gays. In this context, this paper attempts to explore whether repeated media reportage and coverage of such pride marches is an indication of a growing climate of ‘tolerance’ in the country. It seems we are an altogether more open, more tolerant, sexier society which is getting better all the time. Or maybe it is not. Or is it? In order to discuss these issues, some events of LGBT pride parades through their media coverage have been qualitatively studied, followed by an analysis of conceptual/theoretical frames on homosexuality (and sexuality in general) postulated by French philosopher Michel Foucault and Austria’s psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. This study finds its relevance in understanding how media conceives a broader definition of acceptable sexual behaviour through their coverage of discourse on the politics of sex in globalised India.

International Journal of Communication and Social Research, 2019

The present study defines the concept of negative entertainment and also explores its impact on s... more The present study defines the concept of negative entertainment and also explores its impact on society. Among various entertainment options, in the 21st century, people opt for something not perceived as part of their ‘normal’ life. The becoming of negative into entertainment reflects the changing society towards recognising pessimism as a virtue. The authors of this paper wish to highlight the source of negative entertainment. They raise whether negative entertainment is an outcome of advanced technology. And to do this, the authors identified two video hosting websites, YouTube and BestGore, and purposively selected four videos (related to real-life violence) from each website for analysis.

International Journal of Novel Research and Development, 2018

This paper examines the complexity of the interconnection of varna and caste systems in Indian so... more This paper examines the complexity of the interconnection of varna and caste systems in Indian society. It reflects the complexities of the traditions of different caste groups and the system that regulates their relationship with each other. It will also reflect on the modes where they turn slightly flexible and become harshly rigid. The concept of community no longer exists. However, it is a stronger claim but is made while stressing the importance of the social Purushārtha Sādhana. Both terms (caste and varna) are used interchangeably. However, a question regarding their meaning would need an entire book to be written. Both words are too ambiguous, especially for non-Indians or non-Hindus, though everyone, including Hindus and Indians, may find it challenging to distinguish between them.

American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2015

The presence of hierarchy and inequality within Indian tradition is a prominent aspect that manif... more The presence of hierarchy and inequality within Indian tradition is a prominent aspect that manifests through the unequal positioning of caste and class groups within the societal framework. This intricate connection is observed in the way dharma (normative order), karma (personal moral commitment), and jāti (caste) - the foundational tenets of Indian culture - simultaneously shape the distinctiveness of Indian cultural heritage and lay the groundwork for social hierarchy. This research paper delves into an extensive and exploratory assessment of diverse scholarly perspectives aimed at illuminating the deeply entrenched traditional facets of caste within Indian society.

International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 2015

Hierarchy and inequality are deeply rooted in Indian tradition. They are found in practice in the... more Hierarchy and inequality are deeply rooted in Indian tradition. They are found in practice in the form of unequal placement of caste and class groups in the civilizing system of Indian society. The notions of dharma (normative order), karma (personnel moral commitment) and jāti (caste) that constitute the basic principles of Indian culture, making the Indian cultural tradition a unique cultural tradition, are also the principles of hierarchy and social stratification. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive and investigative view of different scholars concerning the deep-rooted traditional characteristics of caste in Indian society.

Shodh Sarita, 2021

This article explores the intricate interplay between religion, culture, and society, delving int... more This article explores the intricate interplay between religion, culture, and society, delving into the evolution of religious beliefs and practices within the framework of modernity. It examines how religion, centred on the belief in supernatural forces, weaves through the fabric of culture, impacting rituals, symbols, and societal norms. An emphasis is placed on the dynamic interplay between the emotional dimensions of religion and the rationality symbolised by science. As modern societies gravitate towards secularism and empirical foundations, religion undergoes a transformative shift, adapting to coexist harmoniously with reason. This transformation is marked by changes in religious practices, from the all-encompassing influence in traditional societies to a more situational role in contemporary times. This evolution has led to the displacement of certain societal elements by religion, reshaping its contours within modern societies. Furthermore, the article underscores the intricate relationship between belief systems, artistic expressions, and ethical frameworks. It highlights that religion’s impact goes beyond mere ritualistic observance, permeating individual morality and behaviour. While religion remains a unifying force, providing cohesion and a sense of purpose, it can also be a source of conflict when exploited for political agendas. The author concludes the article with a philosophical reflection, emphasising that despite the rise of reason, religion remains a facet of human existence, offering solace and guidance in the face of life’s enigmatic uncertainties. This reflection postulates that the essence of religion transcends the confines of doctrine, encapsulating the timeless human pursuit for connection, meaning, and universal truths that reverberate across cultures and epochs.

Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2021

In this paper, an attempt has been made to discover the key concepts in Foucault's philosophy. Th... more In this paper, an attempt has been made to discover the key concepts in Foucault's philosophy. The author tries to highlight the Foucauldian perspective as unique. There is an attempt to establish a relationship between the concepts and the concerns of sexuality. Furthermore, there are references to some of the social institutions to justify this relationship while concluding with an emphasis on the relevance of sex education in society.

ShodhSamajik: Journal of Social Studies, 2024

This article examines the rediscovery of the Sapt Sindhu civilization and its contemporary signif... more This article examines the rediscovery of the Sapt Sindhu civilization and its contemporary significance in shaping India’s cultural and political identity. Scholars, nationalists, and cultural theorists, among others, have played an essential role in searching for and reconstructing this civilization. Rooted in the ancient Indus Valley civilization, the Sapt Sindhu has come to symbolize India’s historical unity and cultural continuity. The article explores how this rediscovery is used to strengthen national pride, particularly in the context of a diverse and pluralistic society. Drawing on sociological insights, it analyzes the ways in which the narrative of the Sapt Sindhu is employed to construct a unified national identity, often at the expense of complex social realities such as caste, regionalism, and gender. Through a critical examination of historical texts, contemporary political discourse, and media representations, the article underscores the potential for such idealized representations of the past to either unify or divide, depending on their use. The methodological approach is rooted in the sociological analysis of national identity formation, cultural memory, and the politics of history. By using theories of collective memory, social identity, and post-colonialism, the study explores how the Sapt Sindhu narrative is both a tool for social cohesion and a potential site of exclusion for marginalized groups. The article concludes by advocating for a more inclusive understanding of India’s cultural history, one that respects the diversity of its social structures and addresses the needs of contemporary society.

Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 2022

Breast and cervical cancers are the two most common cancers among Indian women. Due to the improv... more Breast and cervical cancers are the two most common cancers among Indian women. Due to the improved diagnosis and treatment modalities, survival rates have been steadily increasing. Diagnosis and treatment of cancer bring many physical and psychological changes. However, the irony is that the treating team and family members tend to focus on the treatment of cancer. This review paper made a modest attempt to explore the availability of published literature on breast cancer survivorship health issues from an Indian perspective. It also aims to delineate the differences in the survivorship needs of rural and urban Indian women. There is a paucity of literature on breast cancer survivorship and its issues. The majority of the issues were related to physical problems secondary to cancer treatment. Softer issues such as information needs, counselling, body image alterations, changes in clothing, avoidance of society, mental distress, support, body image disturbance, and decreased sexual desires.

Dogri Translation of 'Hindu Society: An Interpretation' by Irawati Karve

Nursing & Midwifery Research Journal, 2024

Background: An assessment of the clinical competency of nurses at the time of their graduation is... more Background: An assessment of the clinical competency of nurses at the time of their graduation is essential to get a fair estimate of their level of competence. It helps to lessen the burden on the healthcare system. A “Comprehensive Nursing Competence Assessment Questionnaire (CNCAQ)” has been constructed to fulfil this purpose.
Aim: This study aims to develop and validate a CNCAQ to determine the perceived clinical competence of final-year nursing graduates who are about to graduate within three months from selected private and government nursing colleges in India.
Methods: A mixed methodology was used and completed in two phases. In phase 1, along with an extensive literature review, focus group discussions, expert evaluation, and pretesting were done, in which 10 nursing experts participated. In phase 2, data were collected from 649 nursing graduates to establish the validity of the construct. The study period was from August to October 2022.
Results: The developed CNCAQ has 36 items, comprising four sections: (a) conceptual knowledge and skill in routine nursing care; (b) skill in basic nursing procedures; (c) skill in advanced nursing procedures; and (d) assessment of infusion/transfusion-related nursing procedures. The overall reliability of the tool was 0.963, indicating its high reliability. Overall, there was no difference in clinical competency skills between female and male upcoming nursing graduates. However, statistically significant differences in basic nursing skills and advanced and analytical nursing skills were observed.
Conclusions: Assessing nursing students’ competencies is crucial to ensure that they possess the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to provide safe and effective patient care. The development and validation of a valid and reliable instrument for assessing nursing competencies are essential to evaluate nursing students’ clinical performance accurately. In the present research, a tool with a total of 36 items was used. It demonstrates high reliability; however, it needs to be applied to a larger population of nursing graduates with diverse backgrounds. Nurse educators and administrators can use it to assess the level of competence and, accordingly, a tailor-made induction program based on identified weak areas in theoretical and practical knowledge or skill can be developed. No patient’s were involved in the study. It involved developing a CNCAQ and validating it on a selected group of upcoming nursing graduates.

Kashmir Journal of Legal Studies, 2023

This article is a socio-legal and theological perspective on the development of religious identit... more This article is a socio-legal and theological perspective on the development of religious identities in India. It is based on a survey of reports on the Census of India and the province of Punjab. The authors argue that the complexity of cultural identities is not a result of the distinctiveness of religious identities. Instead, the plurality of cultures fosters a variety of religious identities in society. Moreover, an institution, religion, for example, is strengthened and defined by the mixed practices of the people. This argument reflects the journey of contestations of various religious concepts and social meanings that raise more questions and do not reach a final conclusion. However, it does not mean that, in the course of unclarity, one should not pursue the epistemological approach to find meanings of such concepts; instead, it provides more answers than just one solution to a problem. In addition, this paper is also an attempt to bring two perspectives, viz socio-legal and theological, together to discuss the concerns of society in relation to the institution of religion for which a fieldwork was carried out in the Punjab region of North India.

International Journal of Research in Sociology and Social Anthropology, 2013

“Social thinking to scientific social theory is an expedition not only passed through by the conv... more “Social thinking to scientific social theory is an expedition not only passed through by the conventional social thinkers but everyone who showed a concern for culture in general and the understanding of it in particular. Therefore, this journey is travelled by the academic civilization as well as the non-scholarly people through experiences of the ―world – we call society.

International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 2018

The present article traces the development of the concept of social justice through different phi... more The present article traces the development of the concept of social justice through different philosophical traditions. The notion and philosophy of 'Justice' is the core of socio-legal and political streams and ethics. The idea of justice is applied not just to individual engagements but to broader aspects such as public policies and laws of the land. Justice is often used in the context of 'righteousness' and as a 'virtue'. Still, it is not easy to define and completely clarify the concept of justice. We can analyse it by employing specific terms, which acquaint us with the best possible understanding of justice. A single definition would not suffice to fulfil our aim of the study. Therefore, in this essay, the author delineates how philosophers and thinkers have theorised 'Justice' throughout ancient, medieval and modern times.

Shodh Sanchar Bulletin, 2021

The concept of the Ashrama system stands as a foundational element within the Indian societal str... more The concept of the Ashrama system stands as a foundational element within the Indian societal structure yet finds limited discourse within contemporary society. This article delves into the enduring relevance of the ancient Hindu ashrama system in modern society. Analysing the four life stages – Brahmacharya, Grihastha, Vanaprastha, and Sanyasa, the study navigates their philosophical underpinnings and their applicability in today's intricate societal landscape. It highlights that each ashrama is relevant to a person's development, individual faculties and society. The
article elucidates how the ashrama system offers a holistic framework for personal growth, duty, and spiritual evolution by examining the intersection of tradition and contemporary challenges. Through a balanced synthesis of ancient wisdom and present-day realities, this exploration sheds light on the ashrama system's potential to inspire purposeful living in the modern age.

Journal of Society in Kashmir, 2021

Social media, particularly social networking sites, provide expansive windows opened to see throu... more Social media, particularly social networking sites, provide expansive windows opened to see through the life of its users. Exposure to others' lives on social networking sites may consider increased feelings of personal relative deprivation, as the feeling of being deprived arises from comparing oneself to others. Researchers have found that women have the tendency to make upward social comparisons with others, which ultimately results in increased negative feelings about themselves. If there is a desire for online social comparison among young women, can it lead to compulsive checking of social networking sites? Till date, there is little work done in India that looks into the effects of social comparison among women through social media platforms and feelings of relative deprivation thereafter. This paper attempts to examine how the social comparison on online platforms leads to a sense of relative deprivation among young women social media users in Jammu and Kashmir.

Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research, 2023

Offences against property encompass a broad spectrum of transgressions, each governed by specific... more Offences against property encompass a broad spectrum of transgressions, each governed by specific provisions within the Indian Penal Code (IPC). However, the distinctive crime of snatching remains conspicuously absent from singular legislative coverage, being instead addressed through disparate sections of the IPC. Regrettably, victims of snatching often find themselves denied justice as existing legal measures lack the potency to combat this menace effectively. The prevailing legal framework not only falls short in prescribing proportionate penalties for such acts but also needs to offer compensatory solace to those aggrieved. This article contends that although snatching may not be explicitly categorised as an independent offence, its severity warrants immediate attention from policymakers. The ramifications of snatching extend beyond the initial act itself, often leading to physical harm, grievous injuries, and even fatalities. Shockingly, the perpetrators of snatching evade liability for these graver collateral consequences, which eclipses the act of snatching itself. To mitigate losses both to property and human life, the imperative of introducing stringent legislation to address snatching cannot be overstated. This article aims to elucidate the modus operandi of snatching, underscore its multifaceted repercussions, and advocate for the essential criminalisation of snatching by integrating specific and effective deterrent provisions into the Indian Penal Code.

European Chemical Bulletin, 2023

Reliability refers to how much the test, process, or instrument produces similar results under di... more Reliability refers to how much the test, process, or instrument produces similar results under different conditions under similar conditions. Reliability is crucial for tests intended to be stable over time. Although it's impossible to determine Reliability precisely, various techniques exist to assess it. This article focuses on methods for computing reliability in quantitative data, including ratio and interval data. The primary purpose of this paper is to discuss the idea of Reliability and present the calculation of Reliability for commonly used research instruments in simple language with examples. The article presents methods and measures of statistical Reliability. It includes Stability, internal consistency, and equivalence measurement. The authors estimated the Stability of the instrument using Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation by adopting the test and retest method. Internal consistency of the instrument was estimated by Spearman-Brown Prophecy, Kuder-Richardson 20, Kuder-Richardson 21, and Cronbach's alpha formulas. The Cohen kappa correlation coefficient and Fleiss kappa correlation coefficient estimated the equivalence of the instrument. It is concluded that young and inexperienced researchers should know the significance of Reliability, its measures and how to ascertain it correctly. A greater understanding of score reliability will help them to avoid misunderstandings and write and discuss cautiously about Reliability estimates.

THE MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING, 2023

This review aims at understanding the true picture of venous thromboembolism prevalence among the... more This review aims at understanding the true picture of venous thromboembolism prevalence among the Indian population over the last two decades. Although a majority of research studies had identified the occurrence of venous thromboembolism among Orthopaedic patients, it was not a rarity in neurosurgery, urology, burns, gynaecology, and critical care patients. The history of long travelling /flying had also proved a significant causative factor. Healthcare professionals should be alert to this hospital never event and follow best practice treatment algorithms based on international guidelines. Public awareness through social media should also be created to understand venous thromboembolism which can be fatal at times.

AVAHAN: A Peer Reviewed International Journal on Hospitality & Tourism Research, 2022

The present study investigates the role of social entrepreneurship & government’s support for bui... more The present study investigates the role of social entrepreneurship & government’s support for building Craftsmanship via various schemes and incentives in Kashmir valley, Jammu, and Kashmir, Union territory, India. The crafting culture is majorly passed down from generation to generation. Still, after analysing the data available on the subject, Craftsmen feel neglected due to urbanization and large-scale product and service development. They cannot sell their products at the prices they are expected to earn for the amount of effort put in to assure the quality and originality of the product (Kramrisch, 1958). In addition, Craftspeople have been further marginalized by the rapid expansion and multiplication of industries, resulting in a scenario of quality compromise and leaving them with few or no choices for finding clients for their well-crafted products. This study is based on secondary data and is exploratory cum descriptive. The data revealed that government operates various schemes for promoting craftsmanship in the Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir. Also, the data showed that multiple incentives are provided to artisans to uplift their crafting business.

International Journal of Communication and Social Research, 2017

With the legal logjam on Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, as it perceives sexual activities ... more With the legal logjam on Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, as it perceives sexual activities “against the order of nature” punishable by law and carries a sentence. There has been a queer buzz going on in India. Nobel Laureate, Amartya Sen, acclaimed writer Vikram Seth and other prominent Indians publicly demanded the repeal of the said Section. Surfacing of Gay pride marches on the streets of a couple of metropolitan cities in India has become a trend of the day. Participants of such marches are seen sporting pink triangles and walking under the long LGBT flags. The word ‘queer’, once hurled or whispered as an insult is now proudly claimed as a marker of transgression by people who once called themselves lesbians or gays. In this context, this paper attempts to explore whether repeated media reportage and coverage of such pride marches is an indication of a growing climate of ‘tolerance’ in the country. It seems we are an altogether more open, more tolerant, sexier society which is getting better all the time. Or maybe it is not. Or is it? In order to discuss these issues, some events of LGBT pride parades through their media coverage have been qualitatively studied, followed by an analysis of conceptual/theoretical frames on homosexuality (and sexuality in general) postulated by French philosopher Michel Foucault and Austria’s psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. This study finds its relevance in understanding how media conceives a broader definition of acceptable sexual behaviour through their coverage of discourse on the politics of sex in globalised India.

International Journal of Communication and Social Research, 2019

The present study defines the concept of negative entertainment and also explores its impact on s... more The present study defines the concept of negative entertainment and also explores its impact on society. Among various entertainment options, in the 21st century, people opt for something not perceived as part of their ‘normal’ life. The becoming of negative into entertainment reflects the changing society towards recognising pessimism as a virtue. The authors of this paper wish to highlight the source of negative entertainment. They raise whether negative entertainment is an outcome of advanced technology. And to do this, the authors identified two video hosting websites, YouTube and BestGore, and purposively selected four videos (related to real-life violence) from each website for analysis.

International Journal of Novel Research and Development, 2018

This paper examines the complexity of the interconnection of varna and caste systems in Indian so... more This paper examines the complexity of the interconnection of varna and caste systems in Indian society. It reflects the complexities of the traditions of different caste groups and the system that regulates their relationship with each other. It will also reflect on the modes where they turn slightly flexible and become harshly rigid. The concept of community no longer exists. However, it is a stronger claim but is made while stressing the importance of the social Purushārtha Sādhana. Both terms (caste and varna) are used interchangeably. However, a question regarding their meaning would need an entire book to be written. Both words are too ambiguous, especially for non-Indians or non-Hindus, though everyone, including Hindus and Indians, may find it challenging to distinguish between them.

American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2015

The presence of hierarchy and inequality within Indian tradition is a prominent aspect that manif... more The presence of hierarchy and inequality within Indian tradition is a prominent aspect that manifests through the unequal positioning of caste and class groups within the societal framework. This intricate connection is observed in the way dharma (normative order), karma (personal moral commitment), and jāti (caste) - the foundational tenets of Indian culture - simultaneously shape the distinctiveness of Indian cultural heritage and lay the groundwork for social hierarchy. This research paper delves into an extensive and exploratory assessment of diverse scholarly perspectives aimed at illuminating the deeply entrenched traditional facets of caste within Indian society.

International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 2015

Hierarchy and inequality are deeply rooted in Indian tradition. They are found in practice in the... more Hierarchy and inequality are deeply rooted in Indian tradition. They are found in practice in the form of unequal placement of caste and class groups in the civilizing system of Indian society. The notions of dharma (normative order), karma (personnel moral commitment) and jāti (caste) that constitute the basic principles of Indian culture, making the Indian cultural tradition a unique cultural tradition, are also the principles of hierarchy and social stratification. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive and investigative view of different scholars concerning the deep-rooted traditional characteristics of caste in Indian society.

Shodh Sarita, 2021

This article explores the intricate interplay between religion, culture, and society, delving int... more This article explores the intricate interplay between religion, culture, and society, delving into the evolution of religious beliefs and practices within the framework of modernity. It examines how religion, centred on the belief in supernatural forces, weaves through the fabric of culture, impacting rituals, symbols, and societal norms. An emphasis is placed on the dynamic interplay between the emotional dimensions of religion and the rationality symbolised by science. As modern societies gravitate towards secularism and empirical foundations, religion undergoes a transformative shift, adapting to coexist harmoniously with reason. This transformation is marked by changes in religious practices, from the all-encompassing influence in traditional societies to a more situational role in contemporary times. This evolution has led to the displacement of certain societal elements by religion, reshaping its contours within modern societies. Furthermore, the article underscores the intricate relationship between belief systems, artistic expressions, and ethical frameworks. It highlights that religion’s impact goes beyond mere ritualistic observance, permeating individual morality and behaviour. While religion remains a unifying force, providing cohesion and a sense of purpose, it can also be a source of conflict when exploited for political agendas. The author concludes the article with a philosophical reflection, emphasising that despite the rise of reason, religion remains a facet of human existence, offering solace and guidance in the face of life’s enigmatic uncertainties. This reflection postulates that the essence of religion transcends the confines of doctrine, encapsulating the timeless human pursuit for connection, meaning, and universal truths that reverberate across cultures and epochs.

Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2021

In this paper, an attempt has been made to discover the key concepts in Foucault's philosophy. Th... more In this paper, an attempt has been made to discover the key concepts in Foucault's philosophy. The author tries to highlight the Foucauldian perspective as unique. There is an attempt to establish a relationship between the concepts and the concerns of sexuality. Furthermore, there are references to some of the social institutions to justify this relationship while concluding with an emphasis on the relevance of sex education in society.

MPhil Dissertation, 2008

The dissertation explores various contestations surrounding the concept of 'secular,' the process... more The dissertation explores various contestations surrounding the concept of 'secular,' the process of 'secularization,' and the doctrine of 'secularism.' Dissecting the multifaceted essence of secularism through its historical evolution—from Enlightenment thought to contemporary interpretations—forms the backdrop of this philosophical study. Engaging with diverse philosophical perspectives, the study unravels the layers of this complex subject. Shifting the focus to the socio-political landscape, particularly in India, it addresses pressing concerns associated with secularism, such as communal clashes fueled by religious tensions, emphasizing the urgency of fostering interfaith understanding and tolerance. Exploring how secularism intersects with the Indian Constitution, democratic principles, and the pursuit of social justice in a nation marked by diversity, the study suggests that comprehending secularism’s problems and prospects is not only an academic pursuit but also a societal imperative. By engaging with theories, historical contexts, and contemporary realities, the research sheds light on the challenges and opportunities inherent in India's secular project, underscoring the significance of pushing secularism amidst pluralism and ideological tensions.

PhD Thesis, 2018

The PhD thesis explores the philosophy of sex and raises questions about sexuality and moral conc... more The PhD thesis explores the philosophy of sex and raises questions about sexuality and moral concerns through a Foucauldian Perspective. There is a discussion on basic concepts like power, knowledge, discourse, freedom and self. It focuses on establishing Foucault as a distinctive philosopher who sets morals as an agenda of alteration. There is an attempt not only to analyse but also to engage with Foucauldian methodology. Thus, in addition to methodological issues in Foucault’s philosophy and history, the thesis also maps the case of the LGBT movement in the Indian context while referring to the psychoanalytic theory of sexuality in India.