Ghulam Mustafa | Lahore Leads University (original) (raw)

Papers by Ghulam Mustafa

ANNALS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND PERSPECTIVE

The theory of modernization by Inglehart describes that economic development is directly proporti... more The theory of modernization by Inglehart describes that economic development is directly proportional to cultural modernization which affects women's participation in politics. The main focus of this article is to evaluate the relevance of modernization to explain the global differences that exist in women's political participation and, on this basis; to evaluate the situation in Pakistan regarding the political participation of women. Modernization, through changing values in society, has a very positive impact and it brings gender equality to politics. The modernization theory of Inglehart throws light that modernization in society carries positive changes and it also changes the lives of the citizens which is ultimately reflected through gender equality in politics. But along with modernization, certain other issues undermine women's participation in politics and these issues still exist in developing countries like Pakistan.

Materials, 2021

In ferromagnetic semiconductors, the coupling of magnetic ordering with semiconductor character a... more In ferromagnetic semiconductors, the coupling of magnetic ordering with semiconductor character accelerates the quantum computing. The structural stability, Curie temperature (Tc), spin polarization, half magnetic ferromagnetism and transport properties of ZnX2Se4 (X = Ti, V, Cr) chalcogenides for spintronic and thermoelectric applications are studied here by density functional theory (DFT). The highest value of Tc is perceived for ZnCr2Se4. The band structures in both spin channels confirmed half metallic ferromagnetic behavior, which is approved by integer magnetic moments (2, 3, 4) μB of Ti, V and Cr based spinels. The HM behavior is further measured by computing crystal field energy ΔEcrystal, exchange energies Δx(d), Δx (pd) and exchange constants (Noα and Noβ). The thermoelectric properties are addressed in terms of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and power factor in within a temperature range 0–400 K. The positive Seebeck coefficient shows p...

South Asia has plausible economic growth, preponderant natural resources, energetic labour, ferti... more South Asia has plausible economic growth, preponderant natural resources, energetic labour, fertile landmass and extended maritime space which provide vital access to its five nations with international trade network. Despite these excellent opportunities and potentials, terrorism has befallen as the major handicap to progress and stability in the region. The conflicts and terrorism practices are deeply ingrained in South Asia. South Asia is facing serious challenges such as corruption, poverty, unemployment, marginalization of some minorities and small provinces in socioeconomic aspects which incites the menaces of separatism, extremism and ethnic nationalism. Pakistan is the most dangerous place after Afghanistan on earth due to terrorism phenomena. Terrorism is a major factor which is posing threat to Pakistan's stability and livings of its denizens. Pakistan has tolerated bunch of problems due to war on terror and still devouring by its chronic impacts. The war on terror con...

The purpose of this study is to explore the intellectual structure of Library and Information Sci... more The purpose of this study is to explore the intellectual structure of Library and Information Science (LIS) in Pakistan during the period 2001 to 2018 applying the co-word analysis. The trends, patrons and tendencies of LIS in Pakistan will be explored by measuring the correlation coefficient of selected key words extracted from the articles indexed in Library and Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA) by the Pakistani authors. To find out the dynamic change in the field of LIS, fifteen years was separated into further two periods i.e. 2001-2008 and 2009-2018. Through co-word analysis, and with the help of Gephi software (Sci2) the analysis was done and results shows that the trend was directed from library to information science and the word "research" was the most prominent in the network of data and in Pakistani LIS field.

The Brexit is a term used to explain about the withdrawal of Great Britain from the European Unio... more The Brexit is a term used to explain about the withdrawal of Great Britain from the European Union. Brexit is an important political development in the recent political scenario of Europe. It has its impacts on the economic and political future of the UK and the EU. In mid of 2016, a referendum was held in the UK to decide whether they should remain in the EU or exit. The British decided in favour of exit. In this study, descriptive analysis study covers the impacts of Brexit on the EU, possible post-Brexit challenges, and way forward for the EU. The post-Brexit challenges for the EU such as rise of anti-EU political forces spreading anti-migrants’ sentiments in member states and economic challenges such as Budgetary gap, impact of Brexit on the structures of the EU institutions have been observed. It has also been observed that the EU will remain stable despite of the challenges. If it deals the situation with unity and harmony among its member states, the challenges can be turned ...

Ghulam Mustafa1, Ayesha Ishaque2, Asim Iqbal3, Nawaz Ahmad4, Summaira Malik5, Dr Aftab Anwar6, 1A... more Ghulam Mustafa1, Ayesha Ishaque2, Asim Iqbal3, Nawaz Ahmad4, Summaira Malik5, Dr Aftab Anwar6, 1Assistant Professor, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 2Research Scholar, Department of Education, Uuniversity of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan 3Assistant Professor, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 4Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 5Assistant Professor. Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan, 6Department of economics and business administration, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan. Email: 1ghulam.mustafa@ue.edu.pk, (author’s correspondence) 2ayeshaasim85@gmail.com, 3asim.iqbal@ue.edu.pk, 4nawaz.ahmad@econ.uol.edu.pk, 5drsummairamalik@cuilahore.edu.pk 6aft...

Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 2021

It is famously narrated that Pakistan came into being as a state for the Muslim minority of India... more It is famously narrated that Pakistan came into being as a state for the Muslim minority of India. Nevertheless, Pakistan was also the homeland of many other religious natives such as Christian, Sikhs, Hindus, Parsis, Buddhists. Even many Jews lived in Pakistan who were the natives of this land for centuries before the partition of 1947. All of these religions are completely different from each other and also have their rituals, traditions, language, caste system, creed, ethnicity, marriage, and divorce laws. All of Pakistan’s constitutions give minorities equal rights, but when in the 1960s, Pakistan developed its first family laws for Muslims and launched “Nikah Nama”, and made other rules and regulations for the majority of its population but forgot about its minorities. Pakistan’s minorities suffer under Anglo Hindu Laws and The Christian Marriage Act of 1872 until recently. Pakistan introduced The Sindh Hindus Marriage Act 2016, the Hindu Marriage Act of 2017 Passed by the Nati...

Plants, 2020

We report here plastid transformation in sugarcane using biolistic transformation and embryogenes... more We report here plastid transformation in sugarcane using biolistic transformation and embryogenesis-based regeneration approaches. Somatic embryos were developed from unfurled leaf sections, containing preprogrammed progenitor cells, to recover transformation events on antibiotic-containing regeneration medium. After developing a proficient regeneration system, the FLARE-S (fluorescent antibiotic resistance enzyme, spectinomycin and streptomycin) expression cassette that carries species-specific homologous sequence tails was used to transform plastids and track gene transmission and expression in sugarcane. Plants regenerated from streptomycin-resistant and genetically confirmed shoots were subjected to visual detection of the fluorescent enzyme using a fluorescent stereomicroscope, after genetic confirmation. The resultant heteroplasmic shoots remained to segregate on streptomycin-containing MS medium, referring to the unique pattern of division and sorting of cells in C4 monocotyl...

sjesr, 2021

In International politics, human security is a new phenomenon, which deals with the issues of gov... more In International politics, human security is a new phenomenon, which deals with the issues of governance and human rights. In political terms, the recent transformation of attention from traditional security to Non-traditional security is a matter of distress for the international community. The linkage between national security and infectious diseases as a non-traditional security imperative is comparatively a new phenomenon in Pakistan. Infectious diseases have become a fact of life in Pakistan, which poses a serious threat to national security. In the preceding years, Pakistan has suffered from different contagious diseases like Dengue, Congo fever, Polio, and recently Coronavirus. To overcome this non-traditional security threat requires an integrated and coordinated approach from the governmental and non-governmental institutions to address the health security issues holistically. The paper examines the effects of the outbreaks of these infectious diseases in Pakistan as a non-...

IEEE Access, 2021

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of Prince Sultan University for paying the Arti... more The authors would like to acknowledge the support of Prince Sultan University for paying the Article Processing Charges (APC) of this publication.

Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER), 2021

Pakistan is blessed with rich natural resources in which water resources are the major ones. Yet ... more Pakistan is blessed with rich natural resources in which water resources are the major ones. Yet the level of this important resource has been reached at an alarming level due to myriad factors such as misuse, mismanagement, and politics in water sectors at both levels national and international. The study is presenting an overview of the state of the Indus Water Treaty, Indus River Basin, and conflict between India and Pakistan in the wake of the Indus Water Treaty (IWT). The focus of the study is to reveal the hegemony of India on international waters and its relations with the outer world. Moreover, the research study has presented root causes of the water crisis, hydro politics in the South Asia region, the hegemony of India on international waters. Water management policies and co-operation mechanism is required between Pakistan and India to cope with the challenge of water shortage.

Review of Politics and Public Policy in Emerging Economies, 2020

Brexit is a term used to explain about the departure or withdrawal of Great Britain from the Euro... more Brexit is a term used to explain about the departure or withdrawal of Great Britain from the European Union. Brexit is a very important political development of recent political scenario of Europe. It has its impacts on the economic and political future of both UK and EU. The UK is enjoying membership of the EU from the beginning. But in mid of 2016 a referendum was held in UK to decide whether they should remain in EU or exit. The British people decide in favor of exit with a simple majority of 51.9%. After that referendum British Prime Minister David Cameron resigned and new general elections were held in 2017. Since the referendum the UK and EU are negotiating on an exit deal and the UK is due to leave the union on 29th March 2019. It will have its dimensions and implications. There are voices rose demanding a new referendum on the issue because many British people think that the Brexit is not good for UK. There are pro EU voices in European countries who also wish UK to remain p...

Journal of Values-Based Leadership, 2018

This paper takes an authenticity perspective to examine whether followers' perceptions of a leade... more This paper takes an authenticity perspective to examine whether followers' perceptions of a leader's feminine, masculine, or androgynous characteristics influence the relationship between transformational leadership and followers' perceived trust in the leader. The research was quantitative in approach. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from employees from different public and private sector organizations in Pakistan. The findings show that the relationship between transformational leadership and trust is weaker when followers perceive leaders to be high on masculine and androgynous attributes. Leaders' femininity was found to have a positive effect in the relationship of transformational leadership with trust in the leader. The paper suggests practical implications and directions for future research.

Economic Modelling, 2018

Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including ... more Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author's name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pagination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award.

Cogent Business & Management, 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of two reward types (i.e., monetary reward ... more The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of two reward types (i.e., monetary reward and non-monetary rewards, such as competence development, autonomy support, and recognition) on autonomous motivation and further explore whether autonomous motivation plays a mediating role in the relationships between rewards and turnover intention. The study used a survey data from 100 employees working in public sector banks in Pakistan. The hypothesized relationships were assessed using partial least squares structural equation modelling technique. The results revealed that monetary reward and competence development were positively related to autonomous motivation, which in turn had a negative association with turnover intention. The indirect effects of rewards on turnover intention were only supported for monetary reward and competence development, as there was no significant link from autonomy support and recognition to autonomous motivation. We discuss implications for research and practice.

Review of Economics and Development Studies, 2019

Islamabad’s relations with the Washington have had a chequered history. Socio-economic, political... more Islamabad’s relations with the Washington have had a chequered history. Socio-economic, political differences and national interests exacerbated by diplomatic ineptitude, as well as the obstacles inherent in relations between a developing country and a superpower, have all united to make it so, while strategic compulsions and geo-political relations on both sides have forced to bring the two countries closer. This should be emphasized that the chequered history of Pak-US relations, the shifting emphasis and the changing proclivities of the US administration and public, the nature and the constraints of the US commitment to Pakistan’s security, all make it absolutely imperative for Pakistan to take every step with the utmost care. Pakistan should realize that Washington policy on security issues could probably rebound to Islamabad’s benefit currently, but definitely not on all times in the future, as there are difficult options ahead for both Islamabad and Washington on basic strateg...

Sustainability, 2019

The role of organizational structure as an important contextual variable has long been recognized... more The role of organizational structure as an important contextual variable has long been recognized in affecting a host of employee attitudes and behaviors, but there is a dearth of theoretical and empirical research that examines the ways in which organizational structure influences the occurrence of self-efficacy and its performance effects. This study addresses this gap by exploring how the two core structural components—formalization and centralization—separately and jointly affect employee self-efficacy and how they interact with self-efficacy to influence employee task performance. The study further examines the extent to which structure weaves its influence on individual performance through perceptions of self-efficacy. Data from 120 Pakistani public sector employees were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and polynomial regression to assess the hypothesized relationships. The empirical analysis shows that formalization is positively as...

Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 2016

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical assessment of the crosscultural leadership lit... more The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical assessment of the crosscultural leadership literature and suggest avenues for future developments on both empirical and conceptual fronts. Research Design & Methods: The paper performs a comprehensive review of the cross-cultural leadership literature with a particular focus on the emergence and effects of culturally congruent leadership. The paper identifies gaps and suggests a sequence of steps for future research. Findings: The major focus of cross-cultural leadership studies has been on the measurement and description of relationships and research within this area has generally paid less attention to addressing other important issues such as cultural value effects across levels, interaction between individual and societal values, and the way cultureleadership congruity is produced and its effects are transmitted. Implications & Recommendations: The gaps identified and suggestions provided may be of value in theory development and integration, and in addressing empirical issues beyond measurement and description of relationships. Contribution & Value Added: Although prior studies offer reviews on effects of culture on organizationally relevant outcomes, but their analyses mainly focus on general categories of attitudes and behaviours. The focus of this paper is on providing a comprehensive assessment of the literature on the culture-leadership link. Article type: literature review

PloS one, 2016

The use of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods is very low in Pakistan with high ... more The use of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods is very low in Pakistan with high discontinuation rates mainly attributed to method-related side effects. Mixed evidence is available on the effectiveness of different client follow-up approaches used to ensure method continuation. We compared the effectiveness of active and passive follow-up approaches in sustaining the use of LARC-and within 'active' follow-up, we further compared a telephone versus home-based approach in rural Punjab, Pakistan. This was a 12-month multicentre non-inferiority trial conducted in twenty-two (16 rural- and 6 urban-based) franchised reproductive healthcare facilities in district Chakwal of Punjab province, between November 2013 and December 2014. The study comprised of three groups of LARC clients: a) home-based follow-up, b) telephone-based follow-up, and c) passive or needs-based follow-up. Participants in the first two study groups received counselling on scheduled follow-up fro...

Reproductive health, Jan 17, 2016

Family planning (FP) interventions aimed at reducing population growth have negligible during the... more Family planning (FP) interventions aimed at reducing population growth have negligible during the last two decades in Pakistan. Innovative FP interventions that help reduce the growing population burden are the need of the hour. Marie Stopes Society - Pakistan implemented an operational research project - 'Evidence for Innovating to Save Lives', to explore effective and viable intervention models that can promote healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy in rural and under-served communities of Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan. We conducted a quasi-experimental (pre - and post-intervention with control arm) study to assess the effectiveness of each of the two intervention models, 1) Suraj model (meaning…