j mcgillivray | Deakin University (original) (raw)

Papers by j mcgillivray

Research paper thumbnail of Informing Brain Health Behaviour Choices: The Efficacy of a High-School Brain Awareness Pilot Study

British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 2014

Aims: Lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise significantly impact mental wellbeing and this ... more Aims: Lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise significantly impact mental wellbeing and this is particularly so during the period of adolescence. The aim of the current study was to determine whether neuroscience concepts could be introduced to the classroom in a manner that improved high school student awareness of how health behaviour choices impact brain health. Study Design: This study was a quantitative study that measured 47 assertions relating to brain health and neuroscience pre and post an interactive seminar. Place and Duration of Study: A Victorian high school in Geelong, Australia. Participation in the seminar took approximately 100 minutes, including time to complete the questionnaires. Methodology: The current study trialed a 'Brain Basics' educational program in a Victorian high-school. The neuro-educative interactive seminar was presented to 48female year 11 students. The level of student understanding, interest and enjoyment was assessed prior to and following an interactive seminar. Results: Student understanding of brain health significantly improved in 31 out of 47 questionnaire items and interest and enjoyment were highly rated.

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring Subjective Wellbeing: The Personal Wellbeing Index – Intellectual Disability

Social Indicators Research Series, 2010

This chapter describes an instrument to measure the subjective wellbeing of people who have an in... more This chapter describes an instrument to measure the subjective wellbeing of people who have an intellectual disability. The Personal Wellbeing Index – Intellectual Disability (PWI-ID) is a parallel version of the regular PWI used for general population samples. Both scale versions have well-developed manuals, which are free to download, normative data, and acceptable psychometric properties. The description provided in this chapter begins with an explanation of subjective wellbeing, both within the broader context of life quality and also as it relates to the theory of Subjective Wellbeing Homeostasis. The scale is then described with an emphasis on formal administrative procedures, and some illustrative results are presented. It is concluded that the PWI-ID represents a state-of-the-art instrument to measure subjective wellbeing in this population.

Research paper thumbnail of Decision Support and the Effectiveness of Web-based Delivery and Information Tailoring for Bowel Cancer Screening: An Exploratory Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2012

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the ... more Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females throughout the developed world. Population screening using fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) facilitates early detection and greater chance of survival, but participation rates are low. We developed a Web-based decision tool to provide information tailored to an individual's decision stage for CRC screening and attitude toward screening utilizing the Preventive Health Model (PHM) and Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) as theoretical frameworks for screening behavior. We describe the practical steps employed in the tool's design and the subsequent conduct of an exploratory study. Objective: To design a decision tool for CRC screening and conduct an exploratory study among average-risk men and women to (1) test the impact of message type (tailored vs non-tailored) and message delivery modality (Web-based vs paper-based) on attitudes toward screening and screening uptake, and (2) investigate the acceptability of the decision tool and relevance of materials. Methods: Participants (n = 100), recruited from a population sample of men and women aged 50-76 residing in urban Adelaide, Australia, were randomly assigned to a control group or one of 4 interventions: (1) Web-based and tailored information, (2) paper-based and tailored information, (3) Web-based and non-tailored (generic) information, or (4) paper-based and non-tailored information. Participation was augmented by snowball recruitment (n = 19). Questionnaires based on PHM variables were administered pre-and post-intervention. Participants were given the opportunity to request an FOBT. Following the intervention, participants discussed the acceptability of the tool. Results: Full data were available for 87.4% (104/119) of participants. Post-intervention, perceived susceptibility scores for individuals receiving tailored information increased from mean 10.6 (SD 2.1) to mean 11.8 (SD 2.2). Scores on self-efficacy increased in the tailored group from mean 11.7 (SD 2.0) to mean 12.6 (SD 1.8). There were significant time x modality x message effects for social influence and salience and coherence, reflecting an increase in these scores for tailored Web-based participants only; social influence scores increased from mean 11.7 (SD 2.6) to mean 14.9 (SD 2.3), and salience and coherence scores increased from mean 16.0 (SD 2.2) to mean 17.7 (SD 2.1). There was no greater influence of modality or message type on movement toward a decision to screen or screening uptake, indicating that neither tailored messages nor a Web modality had superior effect. Overall, participants regarded tailored messages positively, but thought that the Web tool lacked "media richness." Conclusions: This exploratory study confirms that tailoring on PHM predictors of CRC screening has the potential to positively address attitudes toward screening. However, tailoring on these variables did not result in significantly increased screening uptake.

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the social inclusion of people with a disability in Australia : the first national 1-in-4 poll

Measuring social inclusion of people with a disability in Australia: the first national 1-in-4 po... more Measuring social inclusion of people with a disability in Australia: the first national 1-in-4 poll. Moore, M; Hagiliassis, N; McGillivray, J; Wilson, E; Campain, R; Graffam, J. & Bink, M. The ‘1-in-4 poll’ is a regular survey of people with a disability in Australia, beginning in 2010. Each survey will deal with a different topic with the first survey focusing on social inclusion. Social inclusion means being included in a society where we feel valued, and can participate in work, social and cultural activities. This conference paper explains how the first survey was developed. This involved looking at information from other research about the social inclusion of people with disability in Australia compared with the general population. Most surveys to date lack information about people with a disability. Our survey draws on questions asked in other surveys and will enable a better understanding of social inclusion for people with disability in Australia. This conference paper will ...

Research paper thumbnail of The measurement of subjective wellbeing in an australian sample of people with intellectual disability

2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of Subjective wellbeing and the Personal Wellbeing Index : a new frontier for quality of life measurement in occupational therapy

2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the subjective life quality of people with intellectual disability : the Personal Wellbeing Index

Asia-Pacific Regional Congress of International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities, 2005

2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of A modified version of the personal wellbeing index for measuring subjective wellbeing of people with cognitive impairment

International Society for Quality of Life Studies. Conference [ISQOLS], 2006

2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of A Future Beyond the Wall: Improving Post-release Employment Outcomes for People Leaving Prison Final Report

Research paper thumbnail of Can gait differentiate children with ASD from children without ASD? A pilot study

Research paper thumbnail of Developing open employment outcomes for people with an intellectual disability utilising a Social Enterprise Framework

Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 2018

BACKGROUND: Workplace participation for people with ID is a major policy issue, with both economi... more BACKGROUND: Workplace participation for people with ID is a major policy issue, with both economic and social imperatives. Policy reforms in Australia associated with the implementation of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) require new and innovative approaches to address these problems. OBJECTIVE: This project was established to investigate how a Social Enterprise Framework could be used as a mechanism to transform supported employment services (Australian Disability Enterprises) into open employment settings that secure meaningful, rewarding, and sustainable employment for people with ID. METHODS: A systematic literature review was undertaken, and a model of Social Enterprise was developed that would be inclusive of people with ID. The theoretical model was reviewed by industry experts and refined. Its practical application and feasibility was then tested through the implementation of an organisational audit and strategic planning exercise. This was designed to produce an enterprise model. RESULTS: Social Enterprise is an umbrella term describing any organisation that focuses on social change. For people with ID, its essential features include an economically viable business, which provide the payment of 'a living wage', in a setting involving meaningful work that includes opportunities for the acquisition of socially valued skills and career development, as well as contributing to the person's opportunities for social relationships. CONCLUSION: Though a challenging undertaking, Social Enterprise provides a promising employment option for some people with ID, when such initiatives are driven from executive and senior personnel of an organisation.

Research paper thumbnail of Parents with learning disabilities

Learning Disability Practice, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the subjective life quality of people with intellectual disability : the Personal Wellbeing Index

2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of Sleeping Sound with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring subjective wellbeing of people with cognitive impairment using the Personal Wellbeing Index

Australian Centre on Quality of Life, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Education, Training and Employment for Prisoners with Cognitive Disabilities: A Case Study

This report, compiled as part of the 'A Future Beyond the Wall' ARC Linkage Project, pres... more This report, compiled as part of the 'A Future Beyond the Wall' ARC Linkage Project, presents findings from research conducted in 2016 on the specialist education, training and employment programs provided at the Additional Support Units (ASUs), which are administered by Corrective Services New South Wales. It describes the organisational and operational context of the ASUs and identifies key principles and challenges associated with the ASUs practice model.

Research paper thumbnail of A qualitative study of the experiences of ex-prisoners who are seeking employment, the experiences of practitioners who work with ex-prisoners who are seeking employment and models of practice used

Research paper thumbnail of How Do Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Affect Motor Competence in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared to Typically Developing Children: A Pilot Study

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021

Older children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have high levels of motor impairment, however ... more Older children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have high levels of motor impairment, however we are unsure if similar patterns exist in young children. This study aimed to investigate motor competence in four-to-seven-year-old children with (n = 17) and without (n = 17) ASD. A series of ANOVAS indicated children with ASD performed significantly poorer on all measures of motor competence, except MABC-2 manual dexterity and ball skills subscales. Results indicate that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) may influence motor competence, regardless of diagnosis. Establishing appropriate levels of engagement in moderate-to-vigorous PA and SB during early school years is important for the development of all children and may be an important early intervention avenue for motor impairment in children with ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Barriers and facilitators of sport and physical activity for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and adolescents: a mixed studies systematic review

BMC Public Health, 2020

Background Participation in sport and physical activity could minimise the inflated risk of poor ... more Background Participation in sport and physical activity could minimise the inflated risk of poor physical health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and adolescents. This review aimed to synthesise existing quantitative and qualitative literature regarding barriers and facilitators to physical activity and sports participation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Methods Literature was systematically searched to include studies reporting barriers or facilitators to physical activity and/or sports participation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 0–18 years. Using a pre-established taxonomy based on the social-ecological model, a deductive analysis was performed. Quality appraisal was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results Of 3440 unique articles, nine studies were included with n = 10,061 total participants. Of the nine included studies one reported on participants from urban areas, two from regional and thr...

Research paper thumbnail of Ecological correlates of sedentary behavior in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2020

Abstract Background School age children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are typically more se... more Abstract Background School age children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are typically more sedentary than typically developing (TD) children. It is unknown whether such differences occur in the first years of school, and what mechanisms drive this difference. Method Sedentary Behavior (SB) in four-to-seven-year-old children with and without ASD was examined using accelerometry to 1) determine if SB is higher in children with ASD compared to TD children 2) identify correlates that may inform interventions to improve health outcomes for children with ASD. Results Children with ASD (n = 31) engaged in similar levels of SB as TD children (n = 23). Age (older), higher levels of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptomology, imaginary play (less), and quiet play (less) were all associated with higher levels of SB in children with ASD only. Conclusions Understanding what correlates impact SB in the early years may help prevent the increase in SB that occurs in children with ASD as they age.

Research paper thumbnail of Informing Brain Health Behaviour Choices: The Efficacy of a High-School Brain Awareness Pilot Study

British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 2014

Aims: Lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise significantly impact mental wellbeing and this ... more Aims: Lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise significantly impact mental wellbeing and this is particularly so during the period of adolescence. The aim of the current study was to determine whether neuroscience concepts could be introduced to the classroom in a manner that improved high school student awareness of how health behaviour choices impact brain health. Study Design: This study was a quantitative study that measured 47 assertions relating to brain health and neuroscience pre and post an interactive seminar. Place and Duration of Study: A Victorian high school in Geelong, Australia. Participation in the seminar took approximately 100 minutes, including time to complete the questionnaires. Methodology: The current study trialed a 'Brain Basics' educational program in a Victorian high-school. The neuro-educative interactive seminar was presented to 48female year 11 students. The level of student understanding, interest and enjoyment was assessed prior to and following an interactive seminar. Results: Student understanding of brain health significantly improved in 31 out of 47 questionnaire items and interest and enjoyment were highly rated.

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring Subjective Wellbeing: The Personal Wellbeing Index – Intellectual Disability

Social Indicators Research Series, 2010

This chapter describes an instrument to measure the subjective wellbeing of people who have an in... more This chapter describes an instrument to measure the subjective wellbeing of people who have an intellectual disability. The Personal Wellbeing Index – Intellectual Disability (PWI-ID) is a parallel version of the regular PWI used for general population samples. Both scale versions have well-developed manuals, which are free to download, normative data, and acceptable psychometric properties. The description provided in this chapter begins with an explanation of subjective wellbeing, both within the broader context of life quality and also as it relates to the theory of Subjective Wellbeing Homeostasis. The scale is then described with an emphasis on formal administrative procedures, and some illustrative results are presented. It is concluded that the PWI-ID represents a state-of-the-art instrument to measure subjective wellbeing in this population.

Research paper thumbnail of Decision Support and the Effectiveness of Web-based Delivery and Information Tailoring for Bowel Cancer Screening: An Exploratory Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2012

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the ... more Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females throughout the developed world. Population screening using fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) facilitates early detection and greater chance of survival, but participation rates are low. We developed a Web-based decision tool to provide information tailored to an individual's decision stage for CRC screening and attitude toward screening utilizing the Preventive Health Model (PHM) and Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) as theoretical frameworks for screening behavior. We describe the practical steps employed in the tool's design and the subsequent conduct of an exploratory study. Objective: To design a decision tool for CRC screening and conduct an exploratory study among average-risk men and women to (1) test the impact of message type (tailored vs non-tailored) and message delivery modality (Web-based vs paper-based) on attitudes toward screening and screening uptake, and (2) investigate the acceptability of the decision tool and relevance of materials. Methods: Participants (n = 100), recruited from a population sample of men and women aged 50-76 residing in urban Adelaide, Australia, were randomly assigned to a control group or one of 4 interventions: (1) Web-based and tailored information, (2) paper-based and tailored information, (3) Web-based and non-tailored (generic) information, or (4) paper-based and non-tailored information. Participation was augmented by snowball recruitment (n = 19). Questionnaires based on PHM variables were administered pre-and post-intervention. Participants were given the opportunity to request an FOBT. Following the intervention, participants discussed the acceptability of the tool. Results: Full data were available for 87.4% (104/119) of participants. Post-intervention, perceived susceptibility scores for individuals receiving tailored information increased from mean 10.6 (SD 2.1) to mean 11.8 (SD 2.2). Scores on self-efficacy increased in the tailored group from mean 11.7 (SD 2.0) to mean 12.6 (SD 1.8). There were significant time x modality x message effects for social influence and salience and coherence, reflecting an increase in these scores for tailored Web-based participants only; social influence scores increased from mean 11.7 (SD 2.6) to mean 14.9 (SD 2.3), and salience and coherence scores increased from mean 16.0 (SD 2.2) to mean 17.7 (SD 2.1). There was no greater influence of modality or message type on movement toward a decision to screen or screening uptake, indicating that neither tailored messages nor a Web modality had superior effect. Overall, participants regarded tailored messages positively, but thought that the Web tool lacked "media richness." Conclusions: This exploratory study confirms that tailoring on PHM predictors of CRC screening has the potential to positively address attitudes toward screening. However, tailoring on these variables did not result in significantly increased screening uptake.

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the social inclusion of people with a disability in Australia : the first national 1-in-4 poll

Measuring social inclusion of people with a disability in Australia: the first national 1-in-4 po... more Measuring social inclusion of people with a disability in Australia: the first national 1-in-4 poll. Moore, M; Hagiliassis, N; McGillivray, J; Wilson, E; Campain, R; Graffam, J. & Bink, M. The ‘1-in-4 poll’ is a regular survey of people with a disability in Australia, beginning in 2010. Each survey will deal with a different topic with the first survey focusing on social inclusion. Social inclusion means being included in a society where we feel valued, and can participate in work, social and cultural activities. This conference paper explains how the first survey was developed. This involved looking at information from other research about the social inclusion of people with disability in Australia compared with the general population. Most surveys to date lack information about people with a disability. Our survey draws on questions asked in other surveys and will enable a better understanding of social inclusion for people with disability in Australia. This conference paper will ...

Research paper thumbnail of The measurement of subjective wellbeing in an australian sample of people with intellectual disability

2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of Subjective wellbeing and the Personal Wellbeing Index : a new frontier for quality of life measurement in occupational therapy

2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the subjective life quality of people with intellectual disability : the Personal Wellbeing Index

Asia-Pacific Regional Congress of International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities, 2005

2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of A modified version of the personal wellbeing index for measuring subjective wellbeing of people with cognitive impairment

International Society for Quality of Life Studies. Conference [ISQOLS], 2006

2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of A Future Beyond the Wall: Improving Post-release Employment Outcomes for People Leaving Prison Final Report

Research paper thumbnail of Can gait differentiate children with ASD from children without ASD? A pilot study

Research paper thumbnail of Developing open employment outcomes for people with an intellectual disability utilising a Social Enterprise Framework

Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 2018

BACKGROUND: Workplace participation for people with ID is a major policy issue, with both economi... more BACKGROUND: Workplace participation for people with ID is a major policy issue, with both economic and social imperatives. Policy reforms in Australia associated with the implementation of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) require new and innovative approaches to address these problems. OBJECTIVE: This project was established to investigate how a Social Enterprise Framework could be used as a mechanism to transform supported employment services (Australian Disability Enterprises) into open employment settings that secure meaningful, rewarding, and sustainable employment for people with ID. METHODS: A systematic literature review was undertaken, and a model of Social Enterprise was developed that would be inclusive of people with ID. The theoretical model was reviewed by industry experts and refined. Its practical application and feasibility was then tested through the implementation of an organisational audit and strategic planning exercise. This was designed to produce an enterprise model. RESULTS: Social Enterprise is an umbrella term describing any organisation that focuses on social change. For people with ID, its essential features include an economically viable business, which provide the payment of 'a living wage', in a setting involving meaningful work that includes opportunities for the acquisition of socially valued skills and career development, as well as contributing to the person's opportunities for social relationships. CONCLUSION: Though a challenging undertaking, Social Enterprise provides a promising employment option for some people with ID, when such initiatives are driven from executive and senior personnel of an organisation.

Research paper thumbnail of Parents with learning disabilities

Learning Disability Practice, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the subjective life quality of people with intellectual disability : the Personal Wellbeing Index

2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference pape

Research paper thumbnail of Sleeping Sound with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring subjective wellbeing of people with cognitive impairment using the Personal Wellbeing Index

Australian Centre on Quality of Life, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Education, Training and Employment for Prisoners with Cognitive Disabilities: A Case Study

This report, compiled as part of the 'A Future Beyond the Wall' ARC Linkage Project, pres... more This report, compiled as part of the 'A Future Beyond the Wall' ARC Linkage Project, presents findings from research conducted in 2016 on the specialist education, training and employment programs provided at the Additional Support Units (ASUs), which are administered by Corrective Services New South Wales. It describes the organisational and operational context of the ASUs and identifies key principles and challenges associated with the ASUs practice model.

Research paper thumbnail of A qualitative study of the experiences of ex-prisoners who are seeking employment, the experiences of practitioners who work with ex-prisoners who are seeking employment and models of practice used

Research paper thumbnail of How Do Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Affect Motor Competence in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared to Typically Developing Children: A Pilot Study

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021

Older children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have high levels of motor impairment, however ... more Older children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have high levels of motor impairment, however we are unsure if similar patterns exist in young children. This study aimed to investigate motor competence in four-to-seven-year-old children with (n = 17) and without (n = 17) ASD. A series of ANOVAS indicated children with ASD performed significantly poorer on all measures of motor competence, except MABC-2 manual dexterity and ball skills subscales. Results indicate that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) may influence motor competence, regardless of diagnosis. Establishing appropriate levels of engagement in moderate-to-vigorous PA and SB during early school years is important for the development of all children and may be an important early intervention avenue for motor impairment in children with ASD.

Research paper thumbnail of Barriers and facilitators of sport and physical activity for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and adolescents: a mixed studies systematic review

BMC Public Health, 2020

Background Participation in sport and physical activity could minimise the inflated risk of poor ... more Background Participation in sport and physical activity could minimise the inflated risk of poor physical health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and adolescents. This review aimed to synthesise existing quantitative and qualitative literature regarding barriers and facilitators to physical activity and sports participation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Methods Literature was systematically searched to include studies reporting barriers or facilitators to physical activity and/or sports participation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 0–18 years. Using a pre-established taxonomy based on the social-ecological model, a deductive analysis was performed. Quality appraisal was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results Of 3440 unique articles, nine studies were included with n = 10,061 total participants. Of the nine included studies one reported on participants from urban areas, two from regional and thr...

Research paper thumbnail of Ecological correlates of sedentary behavior in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2020

Abstract Background School age children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are typically more se... more Abstract Background School age children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are typically more sedentary than typically developing (TD) children. It is unknown whether such differences occur in the first years of school, and what mechanisms drive this difference. Method Sedentary Behavior (SB) in four-to-seven-year-old children with and without ASD was examined using accelerometry to 1) determine if SB is higher in children with ASD compared to TD children 2) identify correlates that may inform interventions to improve health outcomes for children with ASD. Results Children with ASD (n = 31) engaged in similar levels of SB as TD children (n = 23). Age (older), higher levels of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptomology, imaginary play (less), and quiet play (less) were all associated with higher levels of SB in children with ASD only. Conclusions Understanding what correlates impact SB in the early years may help prevent the increase in SB that occurs in children with ASD as they age.