Nwangwa Eze | DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY, ABRAKA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA (original) (raw)

Papers by Nwangwa Eze

Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018

Clinical trials have shown that an even newer compound, Dexamethasone (Dex.), might be more poten... more Clinical trials have shown that an even newer compound, Dexamethasone (Dex.), might be more potent and less likely to cause side-effects than any other known corticosteroid medication. This study investigated the possible changes in selected hemostatic parameters [clotting time, bleeding time, platelets count and fibrinogen level] in albino wistar rats, following administration of graded doses of Dex. Forty-two (42) male albino Wistar rats were randomly grouped into seven (7) of six (6) rats each. With Group A receiving normal diets (Control), Groups B-G were respectively given 0.1 mg/Kg of Dex, 0.3 mg/Kg of Dex, 0.1 mg/Kg of Dex + 33 mg/Kg of Ketokonazol (Keto), 0.3 mg/Kg of Dex + 33 mg/Kg of Keto, 0.1 mg/Kg of Dex + Vitamin (Vit.

Physiological Reports

Diabetes is a global, costly, and growing public health issue. Intermittent fasting (IF) and exer... more Diabetes is a global, costly, and growing public health issue. Intermittent fasting (IF) and exercise therapy have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity (IS) in large studies, although the underlying processes are still unknown. The goal of this study, which included both nondiabetic and diabetic rats, was to look at the mechanismsof intermittent fasting and exercise in the managementof diabetotoxicity. The effects of starvation and honey on the oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, adipocytokines, oxidative glucose metabolic enzymes, glycolytic enzymes, food intake, and body weight in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were also investigated. In the nondiabetic phase, rats were administered an oral regimen of distilled water (0.5 ml/rat), honey (1 g/kg body weight), and interventions with IF, and starvation for 4 weeks while in the diabetic phase, after STZ or citrate buffer injections, interventions with IF, exercise, starvation, and honey treatment began for 4 weeks. At all OGTT and ITT points, there was a substantial rise in glucose in the STZgroup.Adipocytokineshormone,oxidativeglucosemetabolic enzymes, glycolytic enzymes, and body weight were all affected by STZ when compared to starvation and honey, however, IF and exercise significantly reduced thesealterations. In diabeticrats, intermittentfasting andexerciseenhancedserum adipocytokines levels. These findings imply that adipokines modulate glycolytic/ nonmitochondrial enzymes and glucose metabolic/mitochondrial dehydrogenase to mediate the antidiabetic effects of intermittent fasting and exercise.

Academic Journals, Aug 31, 2010

A survey of socio-economic and nutritional status was carried out in oil producing community and ... more A survey of socio-economic and nutritional status was carried out in oil producing community and a non-oil producing community in Delta State, Nigeria and results were compared. Well structured closed ended questionnaires were administered to eight hundred subjects (males and females) inclusive of both communities. Blood samples were obtained from 100 subjects (males and females) in each of the communities for Haemoglobin and serum protein analysis. Data was analysed using z-test statistic. Results showed significant reduction (p < 0.001) in income, (p < 0.001) and in academic level, in oil producing community compared to non-oil producing community. Also there was a significant reduction in haemoglobin and serum proteins in oil producing communities compared to non-oil producing community. Results suggest that crude oil exploration may have a negative impact on the socio-economic and nutritional status of host communities. Key words: Socio-economic, oil-producing, serum protein.

The antitoxic effect of Solanum lycopersicum on mercury poisoning in albino ... more The antitoxic effect of Solanum lycopersicum on mercury poisoning in albino wistar rats was studied. Thirty-six wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n=6). Group A (control) were given clean drinking water and rat chow. Group B-given rat chow +mercury (Hg) at concentration of 10ppm.Group C –given rat chow + 10% mass of Solanium lycopersicum(sl). Group D – given rat chow + sl + Hg at 10ppm. Group E-given rat chow +Hg at concentration of 10ppm for 2 weeks, then stopped and administered 10% by mass of sl. Group F –given rat chow +10% by mass of sl for 2 weeks, then stopped and administered Hg at concentration of 10ppm. The result shows a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in liver enzymes studied-Alanine amino Transaminase(ALT) and Aspertate oxaloacetate Transaminase (AST) and a statistically significant decrease (P<0.05) in Hb, RBC, and ALT in group B. Th...

Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, Jun 30, 2018

The status of hemostatic parameters, are useful physiological markers of organ and tissue damage ... more The status of hemostatic parameters, are useful physiological markers of organ and tissue damage anddysfunction. This study investigated the effect of Piroxicam on some hemostatic parameters of albino Wistar rats. Twentyfour (24) female albino Wistar rats were used for this study, they were randomly divided into four (4) groups of six (6) ratseach. Group A served as control, Group B and C were rats treated with 0.1 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg piroxicam while Group Dserved as 0.2 mg/kg piroxicam treated rats administered with Vitamin E. The experiment lasted for a period of 4 weeks, afterwhich the rats were euthanized. Blood sample was collected for measurement of bleeding time, clotting time, fibrinogenlevel and platelets count. One-way ANOVA was used to compare, means and a p<0.05 was considered significant.

It is well known that perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality rates are functions of birth... more It is well known that perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality rates are functions of birth weight. In the present study. the effects of maternal indices on the fetal outcome were investigated. A total of Two hundred consenting pregnant mothers who delivered between 2007-2010 in a primary Health Care centre in Delta State, Nigeria were recruited for the study. Those who had chronic ailments or pregnancy complications were excluded from this study. The data collected includes maternal weight. maternal age, gestational age, sex of baby. The result shows a significant (p<0.05) relationship between the mean maternal weight, mean maternal age and mean gestational age with the mean birth weight and also a non significant relationship between the sex of babies with birth weight and gestational length. Therefore, it is advocated that special attention should be given to pregnant women during antenatal care/prenatal care in order to minimize or eliminate the complications associated...

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is a major ris... more The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is a major risk factor for the development of obesity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Carica papaya seed aqueous extract on serum lipid profile in Wistar rat fed with high fat diet (HFD) and to compare it with a standard hypolipidaemic drug simvastatin. Thirty healthy albino Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups of 6 animals each. . The groups were treated as follows: Group A: normal diet (ND); Group B: HFD (vanaspati ghee + coconut oil mixture in ratio of 3:2 at 10 ml/kg/day); Group C: HFD+ C. papaya (200 mg/kg/day); Group D: HFD + C. papaya (300 mg/kg/day); Group E: HFD + simvastatin (1.8 mg/kg/day). Lipid profile was estimated after 5 weeks of treatment. Result show that aqueous extract of Carica papaya showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in total cholesterol (g/dl), Triglyceride (g/dl), Low density lipoprotein (g/dl) levels and significant (p<0.05) increas...

Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2013

Introduction: Recently there has been an increased association between environmental factors and ... more Introduction: Recently there has been an increased association between environmental factors and male infertility. Aims: In the present study, the effect of changes in testicular biometric parameters (weight and volume) and testicular function (Sperm count, morphology, testosterone level) in Cadmium chloride administered Wistar rats was studied. Methodology: Twenty male albino Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n=5). Group A (control) received rat chow and water, while Group B, C and D received 15mg/L, 20mg/L and 25mg/L of Cadmium chloride respectively for 6 weeks. Result: There was a significant (P=.05) and dose dependent decrease in testicular function parameters in the rats and a significant (P=.05) and positive correlation between the biometric parameters and testicular function. Conclusion: The findings showed that Cadmium chloride has a deleterious effect on testicular function and biometric parameters of the testes may be important in the assessment of testicular function.

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2016

In humans, one of the major complications o f chronic Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is Peripheral Neurop... more In humans, one of the major complications o f chronic Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is Peripheral Neuropathy. Apparently linked to ischemi c Nerve damage, a ravaging puzzle on its pathophysiology, onset prediction, and prognosi s is yet to be fully uncovered. Today, what seems to be a major “breakthrough” is the discovery that chronic DM damages signal transduction across Nerve and Muscle tissues, leadi ng to a bad and/or poorly coordinated reflex. The goal of this study was to find in human s, the relationship that binds fasting blood sugar (FBS) with grip muscle strengths and reflex r sponse time. To achieve this, 387 humans were ethically sourced from Ethiope East Loc al government area of Delta State, Nigeria. Based on their glucometer readings, subjec ts were then gender-sorted and classified into 3 groups; A (hypoglycaemic), B (normoglycaemic or control), and C (hyperglycaemic). Using the hand-grip dynamometer (HGD) and Meter rul e, subjects’ Grip Muscle strengths (GMS) and Reflex Response times (RRT) were respecti vely obtained and mapped against their corresponding glucometer reading (FBS). Using the Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient, Statistical measure of ass ociation (correlation) was conducted on obtained variables, and ANOVA was used to analyse t he differences between means of each groups. Though no actual difference(s) was/were fou nd between GMS and RRT, apparently, there was a weak Auditory-FBS relationship in hypog lycaemic females, and a weak GMSFBS, plus Tactile-FBS correlations in hypoglycaemic ales and females respectively.

IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2012

The study investigated the changes in blood clotting time due to the effect of chronic consumptio... more The study investigated the changes in blood clotting time due to the effect of chronic consumption of alcohol. Thirty six (36) adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of A, B, C, D, E and F (n=6). Animals in experimental groups B, C and D were given 15%, 20% and 25% alcohol respectively by oral intubation for forty two (42) days, groups E and F received 25% alcohol each and after initial treatment alcohol was withdrawn for an additional twenty one (21) and forty two (42) days respectively, while group A (control) received equivalent volume of distilled water. In all groups, the blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture under chloroform anaesthesia to determine clotting time. The study revealed significant (p<0.05) increase in clotting time in the animals treated with alcohol while the clotting time decreased after subsequent alcohol withdrawal. Chronic of alcohol consumption therefore increases clotting time and its withdrawal returns the clotting time to normal level.

Public Health Research, 2012

Malaria in pregnancy is an obstetric, social and med ical problem requiring mult idisciplinary an... more Malaria in pregnancy is an obstetric, social and med ical problem requiring mult idisciplinary and mu ltid imensional solution. In Africa, perinatal mortality due to malaria is at about 1500/day. In areas where malaria is endemic, 20-40% o f all babies born may have co mp lications of malaria.In this Prospective study, two hundred (200) consenting pregnant women who were attending antenatal clinic in a Un iversity Teaching hospital who met the inclusion criteria were recru ited for the study. Malaria parasitaemia were examined using Giemsa staining of the thick and thin b lood films and WBC by coulter automated cell count and QBC centrifugal haematology system. Other parameters (fetal birth weight, gestational age, parity, maternal age) were also documented. The result showed a strongly positive correlation(r =0.7258) and statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in birth weight for mild (3.29±0.07kg), moderate (2.86±1.33kg) and severe (2.17±0.213kg)parasitamia in primigravida and mild (3.43±0.05kg), moderate (3.12±0.05kg) and severe (2.92±0.21kg) in mult igravida.Also found is that the average birth weight in primigravida (2.85±0.158kg) is lower than that of mult igravida (3.07±0.039kg). It is therefore, reco mmended that malaria screening should form part of routine antenatal investigations in malaria endemic reg ions to prevent the problems associated with low birth weight.

The stimulatory effect of Carica papaya seed extract on hematopoiesis was studied. A total of thi... more The stimulatory effect of Carica papaya seed extract on hematopoiesis was studied. A total of thirty two (32) adult Wistar rats were randomized into four (4) groups (n=8). Group A served as control and administered with rat chow and water only. Group B,C and D were administered with 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg respectively of aqueous extract of Carica papaya seed extract for 28 days. After an overnight fast, the rats were sacrificed and blood collected for haematological analysis. The result showed a dose dependent statistically significant (p<0.05) increased in all haematological parameters (RBC, WBC, Platelets, PCV and lymphocyte count) and a dose dependent decrease in the total body weight of the rats which was not statistically significant. It is therefore concluded that Carica papaya seed extract may have a stimulatory effect on haematopoeisis which may

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science, 2015

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of administration of iron ore on semen p... more Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of administration of iron ore on semen parameters and testosterone level. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 adult Wistar rat were used for this study and separated into four groups of five rats each. Group A served as control, Group B treated with 1.5 mg/kg iron ore, Group C treated with 3 mg/kg iron ore, Group D treated with 4.5 mg/kg iron ore. After 28 days of treatment, the animals were anesthetized and sacrificed while seminal fluid and blood samples were collected for semen analysis and testosterone assay. ANOVA was used to compare means and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Iron ore caused a dose-dependent significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the sperm count, sperm motility, percentage sperm with normal morphology, and testosterone level. Conclusion: Therefore, it was concluded that iron ore could affect male fertility by reducing semen quality and testosterone level.

Herbal therapy or plant based drugs might be useful in the management of alcohol-related complica... more Herbal therapy or plant based drugs might be useful in the management of alcohol-related complications, hence the influence of various substances on alcohol “affects” are being investigated in a search for a substance which could scavenge radicals produced during ethanol metabolism and accelerate ethanol clearance to reduce blood ethanol levels. Oral administration of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaf extract increased blood ethanol clearance rate in a dose dependent manner. The ingestion of 0.55 g ethanol/kg body weight produced a peak blood alcohol level (BAL) of 0.121% and 0.156%. The administration of 0.5 g/kg of the extract produced a peak blood alcohol level ( P BAL) of 0.112% as against 0.121% by ethanol alone. Also, the administration of 1 g/kg of the extract produced a peak blood alcohol level ( P BAL) of 0.127% as against 0.156% by ethanol only. The 0.5 g/kg and 1 g/kg of the extract also reduced the intoxication time (i.e. time to zero BAL) from146min to 137min and 160min to...

The antihepatotoxic and antihaematotoxic effects of Garcinia kola on lead poisoning were studied.... more The antihepatotoxic and antihaematotoxic effects of Garcinia kola on lead poisoning were studied. Thirty-two albino wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups of eight rats each. Group A (Control)-were fed normal rat chow and water ad libitum. Group B-were fed on normal rat chow and lead acetate solution orally at Concentration of 100ppm. Group C-fed with rat chow mixed with 5% by mass of Garcinia kola and tap water ad libitum. Group D-fed with rat chow mixed with 5% by mass of Garcinia kola and lead acetate solution at concentration of 100ppm. The study lasted for consecutive 6 weeks. The result showed a statistically significant increase in Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase(GPT),Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels as a result of PbA administration in Gp B, which was significantly reduced by concormitant administration of Garcinia kola there was also a significant reduction in RBC, Hb, Hct, and an increase in WBC, and Platelet count.These effects may be due to a toxic effects of lead acetate which was significantly reduced by Garcinia kola.

Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2013

Current Trends in Technology and Science, 2013

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is a major ris... more The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is a major risk factor for the development of obesity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Carica papaya seed aqueous extract on serum lipid profile in Wistar rat fed with high fat diet (HFD) and to compare it with a standard hypolipidaemic drug simvastatin. Thirty healthy albino Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups of 6 animals each. . The groups were treated as follows: Group A: normal diet (ND); Group B: HFD (vanaspati ghee + coconut oil mixture in ratio of 3:2 at 10 ml/kg/day); Group C: HFD+ C. papaya (200 mg/kg/day);
Group D: HFD + C. papaya (300 mg/kg/day); Group E: HFD + simvastatin (1.8 mg/kg/day). Lipid profile was estimated after 5 weeks of treatment. Result show that aqueous extract of Carica papaya showed a significant
(p<0.05) reduction in total cholesterol (g/dl), Triglyceride (g/dl), Low density lipoprotein (g/dl) levels and significant (p<0.05) increase in high density lipoproteins (g/dl) in hypercholesteromic rats. Therefore, aqueous extract of Carica papaya have lipid lowering potential and could be explored further for possible use in management of hypercholesterolaemia.

British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 2013

Introduction: Recently there has been an increased association between environmental factors and ... more Introduction: Recently there has been an increased association between environmental factors and male infertility. Aims: In the present study, the effect of changes in testicular biometric parameters (weight and volume) and testicular function (Sperm count, morphology, testosterone level) in Cadmium chloride administered Wistar rats was studied.
Methodology: Twenty male albino Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n=5). Group A (control) received rat chow and water, while Group B, C and D received 15mg/L, 20mg/L and 25mg/L of Cadmium chloride respectively for 6 weeks. Result: There was a significant (P=.05) and dose dependent decrease in testicular function parameters in the rats and a significant (P=.05) and positive correlation between the biometric parameters and testicular function. Conclusion: The findings showed that Cadmium chloride has a deleterious effect on testicular function and biometric parameters of the testes may be important in the assessment of testicular function.

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2015

The present study investigated the deleterious effects of alcohol exposure on reproductive hormon... more The present study investigated the deleterious effects of alcohol exposure on reproductive hormones during pregnancy. Forty Wistar albino rats (30 female & 10 male) were mated and randomized into 6 groups (n=5) and then administered with 25% alcohol daily through orogastric cannula from gestation day 0 to day 7 (Group 1), day 8 to day 14 (group 2) and day 15 to 21 (group 3). Group 4, 5 and 6 were control for 1, 2 and 3 respectively. At the end of each trimester, five rats were sacrificed from each experimental and corresponding control group and blood samples collected for FSH, LH, oestrogen and progesterone assay. The male rats were used for mating purposes only. One way analysis of Variance was used to compare means, p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. The result showed that alcohol decreased the FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone levels during the course of the pregnancy with significance (p<0.05) especially in the third trimester. It was expected that there will be a rise in level of FSH and LH in response to decreasing oestrogen and progesterone level but that was not the case here This study therefore demonstrates that alcohol exposure adversely affects pregnancy through decrease in hormones that help in maintaining pregnancy especially in the third trimester possibly due to a derangement in the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis.

Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018

Physiological Reports

Academic Journals, Aug 31, 2010

Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, Jun 30, 2018

Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2013

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2016

IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2012

Public Health Research, 2012

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science, 2015

Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2013

Current Trends in Technology and Science, 2013

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is a major ris... more The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly and high dietary fat intake is a major risk factor for the development of obesity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Carica papaya seed aqueous extract on serum lipid profile in Wistar rat fed with high fat diet (HFD) and to compare it with a standard hypolipidaemic drug simvastatin. Thirty healthy albino Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups of 6 animals each. . The groups were treated as follows: Group A: normal diet (ND); Group B: HFD (vanaspati ghee + coconut oil mixture in ratio of 3:2 at 10 ml/kg/day); Group C: HFD+ C. papaya (200 mg/kg/day);
Group D: HFD + C. papaya (300 mg/kg/day); Group E: HFD + simvastatin (1.8 mg/kg/day). Lipid profile was estimated after 5 weeks of treatment. Result show that aqueous extract of Carica papaya showed a significant
(p<0.05) reduction in total cholesterol (g/dl), Triglyceride (g/dl), Low density lipoprotein (g/dl) levels and significant (p<0.05) increase in high density lipoproteins (g/dl) in hypercholesteromic rats. Therefore, aqueous extract of Carica papaya have lipid lowering potential and could be explored further for possible use in management of hypercholesterolaemia.

British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 2013

Introduction: Recently there has been an increased association between environmental factors and ... more Introduction: Recently there has been an increased association between environmental factors and male infertility. Aims: In the present study, the effect of changes in testicular biometric parameters (weight and volume) and testicular function (Sperm count, morphology, testosterone level) in Cadmium chloride administered Wistar rats was studied.
Methodology: Twenty male albino Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n=5). Group A (control) received rat chow and water, while Group B, C and D received 15mg/L, 20mg/L and 25mg/L of Cadmium chloride respectively for 6 weeks. Result: There was a significant (P=.05) and dose dependent decrease in testicular function parameters in the rats and a significant (P=.05) and positive correlation between the biometric parameters and testicular function. Conclusion: The findings showed that Cadmium chloride has a deleterious effect on testicular function and biometric parameters of the testes may be important in the assessment of testicular function.

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2015