Jesus Gonzalez | Department for Education (original) (raw)
Papers by Jesus Gonzalez
Pediatrics, 1998
To assess results of newborn screening for 21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasi... more To assess results of newborn screening for 21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in Texas over 6 years of screening 1.9 million infants. In 1989, CAH was incorporated into the ongoing Texas Newborn Screening Program, which requires two screens on each newborn. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone was assayed, without extraction, by radioimmunoassay of blood collected from heel sticks onto filter paper collection cards. Infants with elevated levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone were referred for evaluation, and those considered to have CAH were studied with respect to disease characteristics. Data were collected by pediatric endocrinologists using standardized forms that included type of CAH, results of laboratory tests, treatment regimen, disease symptoms and signs, and, for girls, degree of genital virilization. The incidence of classic CAH in Texas is 1:16 008, with a ratio of salt-wasting to simple-virilizing of 2.7:1. A majority of infants detected were undiagnosed until screened, despite signs of salt-wasting or ambiguous genitalia. It was difficult to differentiate salt-wasting from simple-virilizing CAH in infants who were identified before the onset of adrenal insufficiency or electrolyte abnormalities. A substantial number of infants with nonclassic (NC) CAH also were detected. Not all infants were detected on the initial screen; 14% of infants with classic CAH and 87% with NC CAH were detected on the second routine screening test. Our findings confirm the benefits of newborn screening for CAH and the importance of a second screening test, and suggest that programs for newborn CAH screening must consider complex issues in diagnosis and treatment. These results also confirm that CAH is a continuum of disorders, rather than a disorder with discrete subtypes. In addition, the difficulties in differentiating CAH subtypes in newborns, and thus deciding appropriate treatment, and the high incidence of NC CAH suggest that standard diagnostic criteria and treatment regimens for CAH may need modification. Where screening exists, physicians will encounter more cases of CAH than in the past.
American Journal of Public Health, 1992
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2000
In this paper, a systematic design is proposed to determine fuzzy system structure and learning i... more In this paper, a systematic design is proposed to determine fuzzy system structure and learning its parameters, from a set of given training examples. In particular, two fundamental problems concerning fuzzy system modeling are addressed: 1) fuzzy rule parameter optimization and 2) the identification of system structure (i.e., the number of membership functions and fuzzy rules). A four-step approach to build a fuzzy system automatically is presented:
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 2003
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2002
AbstractMost genetic algorithm (GA) users adjust the main param-eters of the design of a GA (cro... more AbstractMost genetic algorithm (GA) users adjust the main param-eters of the design of a GA (crossover and mutation probability, popula-tion size, number of generations, crossover, mutation, and selection opera-tors) manually. Nevertheless, when GA applications are ...
Astrophysical Journal, 1992
... 00~DI 72 WORTHEY ET AL. Vol. 398 C Nc'j LI) ci) U-LU Co Co LU ci) U-4 3.5 3 2.5 ... more ... 00~DI 72 WORTHEY ET AL. Vol. 398 C Nc'j LI) ci) U-LU Co Co LU ci) U-4 3.5 3 2.5 3.5 3 2.5 2 Mg2 FIG. ... Thus the question of time scales remains open. 2. A variable IMF.-The second mechanism posits a differ-C NCo LU ci) U-4 3.5 3 2.5 2 Mg2 FIG. ...
Astronomical Journal, 2000
We analyze single-stellar-population (SSP) equivalent parameters for 50 local elliptical galaxies... more We analyze single-stellar-population (SSP) equivalent parameters for 50 local elliptical galaxies as a function of their structural parameters. These galaxies fill a two-dimensional plane in the four-dimensional space of [Z/H], log t, log sigma\sigmasigma, and [E/Fe]. SSP age and velocity dispersion can be taken as the two independent parameters that specify a galaxy's location in this ``hyperplane.'' The hyperplane can be decomposed into two sub-relations: (1) a ``Z-plane,'' in which [Z/H] is a linear function of log sigma\sigmasigma and log t; and (2) a relation between [E/Fe] and sigma\sigmasigma in which [E/Fe] is larger in high-$\sigma$ galaxies. Cluster and field ellipticals follow the same hyperplane, but their ($\sigma$,t) distributions within it differ. Nearly all cluster galaxies are old; the field ellipticals span a large range in SSP age. The tight Mg--$\sigma$ relations of these ellipticals can be understood as two-dimensional projections of the metallicity hyperplane showing it edge-on; the tightness of these relations does not necessarily imply a narrow range of ages at fixed sigma\sigmasigma. The relation between [E/Fe] and sigma\sigmasigma is consistent with a higher effective yield of Type II SNe elements at higher sigma\sigmasigma. The Z-plane is harder to explain and may be a powerful clue to star formation in elliptical galaxies if it proves to be general. Present data favor a ``frosting'' model in which low apparent SSP ages are produced by adding a small frosting of younger stars to an older base population. If the frosting abundances are close to or slightly greater than the base population, simple two-component models run along lines of constant sigma\sigmasigma in the Z-plane, as required. This favors star formation from well-mixed pre-enriched gas rather than unmixed low-metallicity gas from an accreted object. (Abridged)
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 1998
We present absorption-line strengths on the Lick/IDS line-strength system of 381 galaxies and 38 ... more We present absorption-line strengths on the Lick/IDS line-strength system of 381 galaxies and 38 globular clusters in the 4000--6400 \AA region. All galaxies were observed at Lick Observatory between 1972 and 1984 with the Cassegrain Image Dissector Scanner spectrograph, making this study one of the largest homogeneous collections of galaxy spectral line data to date. We also present a catalogue of nuclear velocity dispersions used to correct the absorption-line strengths onto the stellar Lick/IDS system. Extensive discussion of both random and systematic errors of the Lick/IDS system is provided. Indices are seen to fall into three families: \alpha-element-like indices (including CN, Mg, Na D, and TiO_2) that correlate positively with velocity dispersion; Fe-like indices (including Ca, the G band, TiO_1, and all Fe indices) that correlate only weakly with velocity dispersion and the \alpha indices; and H\beta which anti-correlates with both velocity dispersion and the \alpha indices. C_2 4668 seems to be intermediate between the \alpha and Fe groups. These groupings probably represent different element abundance families with different nucleosynthesis histories.
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 1994
THE AsTRoPHYsIcAL JouRNAL SuPPlEMENT SEI~.IES, 94:687-722, 1994 October © 1994. The American Astr... more THE AsTRoPHYsIcAL JouRNAL SuPPlEMENT SEI~.IES, 94:687-722, 1994 October © 1994. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in USA OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS. V. ABSORPTION FEATURE INDICES FOR THE COMPLETE LICK/IDS ...
Novela formativa con 24 directrices para convertirse en campeón Ediciones Selectas Diamantes, S.Á... more Novela formativa con 24 directrices para convertirse en campeón Ediciones Selectas Diamantes, S.Á de C.V
Pediatrics, 1998
To assess results of newborn screening for 21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasi... more To assess results of newborn screening for 21-hydroxylase-deficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in Texas over 6 years of screening 1.9 million infants. In 1989, CAH was incorporated into the ongoing Texas Newborn Screening Program, which requires two screens on each newborn. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone was assayed, without extraction, by radioimmunoassay of blood collected from heel sticks onto filter paper collection cards. Infants with elevated levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone were referred for evaluation, and those considered to have CAH were studied with respect to disease characteristics. Data were collected by pediatric endocrinologists using standardized forms that included type of CAH, results of laboratory tests, treatment regimen, disease symptoms and signs, and, for girls, degree of genital virilization. The incidence of classic CAH in Texas is 1:16 008, with a ratio of salt-wasting to simple-virilizing of 2.7:1. A majority of infants detected were undiagnosed until screened, despite signs of salt-wasting or ambiguous genitalia. It was difficult to differentiate salt-wasting from simple-virilizing CAH in infants who were identified before the onset of adrenal insufficiency or electrolyte abnormalities. A substantial number of infants with nonclassic (NC) CAH also were detected. Not all infants were detected on the initial screen; 14% of infants with classic CAH and 87% with NC CAH were detected on the second routine screening test. Our findings confirm the benefits of newborn screening for CAH and the importance of a second screening test, and suggest that programs for newborn CAH screening must consider complex issues in diagnosis and treatment. These results also confirm that CAH is a continuum of disorders, rather than a disorder with discrete subtypes. In addition, the difficulties in differentiating CAH subtypes in newborns, and thus deciding appropriate treatment, and the high incidence of NC CAH suggest that standard diagnostic criteria and treatment regimens for CAH may need modification. Where screening exists, physicians will encounter more cases of CAH than in the past.
American Journal of Public Health, 1992
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2000
In this paper, a systematic design is proposed to determine fuzzy system structure and learning i... more In this paper, a systematic design is proposed to determine fuzzy system structure and learning its parameters, from a set of given training examples. In particular, two fundamental problems concerning fuzzy system modeling are addressed: 1) fuzzy rule parameter optimization and 2) the identification of system structure (i.e., the number of membership functions and fuzzy rules). A four-step approach to build a fuzzy system automatically is presented:
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 2003
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2002
AbstractMost genetic algorithm (GA) users adjust the main param-eters of the design of a GA (cro... more AbstractMost genetic algorithm (GA) users adjust the main param-eters of the design of a GA (crossover and mutation probability, popula-tion size, number of generations, crossover, mutation, and selection opera-tors) manually. Nevertheless, when GA applications are ...
Astrophysical Journal, 1992
... 00~DI 72 WORTHEY ET AL. Vol. 398 C Nc'j LI) ci) U-LU Co Co LU ci) U-4 3.5 3 2.5 ... more ... 00~DI 72 WORTHEY ET AL. Vol. 398 C Nc'j LI) ci) U-LU Co Co LU ci) U-4 3.5 3 2.5 3.5 3 2.5 2 Mg2 FIG. ... Thus the question of time scales remains open. 2. A variable IMF.-The second mechanism posits a differ-C NCo LU ci) U-4 3.5 3 2.5 2 Mg2 FIG. ...
Astronomical Journal, 2000
We analyze single-stellar-population (SSP) equivalent parameters for 50 local elliptical galaxies... more We analyze single-stellar-population (SSP) equivalent parameters for 50 local elliptical galaxies as a function of their structural parameters. These galaxies fill a two-dimensional plane in the four-dimensional space of [Z/H], log t, log sigma\sigmasigma, and [E/Fe]. SSP age and velocity dispersion can be taken as the two independent parameters that specify a galaxy's location in this ``hyperplane.'' The hyperplane can be decomposed into two sub-relations: (1) a ``Z-plane,'' in which [Z/H] is a linear function of log sigma\sigmasigma and log t; and (2) a relation between [E/Fe] and sigma\sigmasigma in which [E/Fe] is larger in high-$\sigma$ galaxies. Cluster and field ellipticals follow the same hyperplane, but their ($\sigma$,t) distributions within it differ. Nearly all cluster galaxies are old; the field ellipticals span a large range in SSP age. The tight Mg--$\sigma$ relations of these ellipticals can be understood as two-dimensional projections of the metallicity hyperplane showing it edge-on; the tightness of these relations does not necessarily imply a narrow range of ages at fixed sigma\sigmasigma. The relation between [E/Fe] and sigma\sigmasigma is consistent with a higher effective yield of Type II SNe elements at higher sigma\sigmasigma. The Z-plane is harder to explain and may be a powerful clue to star formation in elliptical galaxies if it proves to be general. Present data favor a ``frosting'' model in which low apparent SSP ages are produced by adding a small frosting of younger stars to an older base population. If the frosting abundances are close to or slightly greater than the base population, simple two-component models run along lines of constant sigma\sigmasigma in the Z-plane, as required. This favors star formation from well-mixed pre-enriched gas rather than unmixed low-metallicity gas from an accreted object. (Abridged)
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 1998
We present absorption-line strengths on the Lick/IDS line-strength system of 381 galaxies and 38 ... more We present absorption-line strengths on the Lick/IDS line-strength system of 381 galaxies and 38 globular clusters in the 4000--6400 \AA region. All galaxies were observed at Lick Observatory between 1972 and 1984 with the Cassegrain Image Dissector Scanner spectrograph, making this study one of the largest homogeneous collections of galaxy spectral line data to date. We also present a catalogue of nuclear velocity dispersions used to correct the absorption-line strengths onto the stellar Lick/IDS system. Extensive discussion of both random and systematic errors of the Lick/IDS system is provided. Indices are seen to fall into three families: \alpha-element-like indices (including CN, Mg, Na D, and TiO_2) that correlate positively with velocity dispersion; Fe-like indices (including Ca, the G band, TiO_1, and all Fe indices) that correlate only weakly with velocity dispersion and the \alpha indices; and H\beta which anti-correlates with both velocity dispersion and the \alpha indices. C_2 4668 seems to be intermediate between the \alpha and Fe groups. These groupings probably represent different element abundance families with different nucleosynthesis histories.
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 1994
THE AsTRoPHYsIcAL JouRNAL SuPPlEMENT SEI~.IES, 94:687-722, 1994 October © 1994. The American Astr... more THE AsTRoPHYsIcAL JouRNAL SuPPlEMENT SEI~.IES, 94:687-722, 1994 October © 1994. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in USA OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS. V. ABSORPTION FEATURE INDICES FOR THE COMPLETE LICK/IDS ...
Novela formativa con 24 directrices para convertirse en campeón Ediciones Selectas Diamantes, S.Á... more Novela formativa con 24 directrices para convertirse en campeón Ediciones Selectas Diamantes, S.Á de C.V