Md. Saidur Rahman | Dhaka College, under National University, Bangladesh (original) (raw)
Papers by Md. Saidur Rahman
Empirical Software Engineering
During software evolution, inexperienced developers may introduce design anti-patterns when they ... more During software evolution, inexperienced developers may introduce design anti-patterns when they modify their software systems to fix bugs or to add new functionalities based on changes in requirements. Developers may also use design patterns to promote software quality or as a possible cure for some design anti-patterns. Thus, design patterns and design anti-patterns are introduced, removed, and mutated from one another by developers. Many studies investigated the evolution of design patterns and design antipatterns and their impact on software development. However, they investigated design patterns or design anti-patterns in isolation and did not consider their mutations and the impact of these mutations on software quality. Therefore, we report our study of bidirectional mutations between design patterns and design anti-patterns and the impacts of these mutations on software changeand fault-proneness. We analyzed snapshots of seven Java software systems with diverse sizes, evolution histories, and application domains. We built Markov models to capture the probability of occurrences of the different design patterns and de
ArXiv, 2021
Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-... more Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-driven solutions to diverse real-world problems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). However, machine learning meets software engineering not only with promising potentials but also with some inherent challenges. Despite some recent research efforts, we still do not have a clear understanding of the challenges of developing ML-based applications and the current industry practices. Moreover, it is unclear where software engineering researchers should focus their efforts to better support ML application developers. In this paper, we report about a survey that aimed to understand the challenges and best practices of ML application development. We synthesize the results obtained from 80 practitioners (with diverse skills, experience, and application domains) into 17 findings; outlining challenges and best practices for ML apMd Saidur Rahm...
ArXiv, 2019
SAP is the market leader in enterprise software offering an end-to-end suite of applications and ... more SAP is the market leader in enterprise software offering an end-to-end suite of applications and services to enable their customers worldwide to operate their business. Especially, retail customers of SAP deal with millions of sales transactions for their day-to-day business. Transactions are created during retail sales at the point of sale (POS) terminals and then sent to some central servers for validations and other business operations. A considerable proportion of the retail transactions may have inconsistencies due to many technical and human errors. SAP provides an automated process for error detection but still requires a manual process by dedicated employees using workbench software for correction. However, manual corrections of these errors are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and may lead to further errors due to incorrect modifications. This is not only a performance overhead on the customers' business workflow but it also incurs high operational costs. Thus, automate...
ArXiv, 2020
Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming lan... more Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the development and maintenance of these systems. In such situations, developers may introduce design smells (i.e., anti-patterns and code smells) which are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Design smells are defined as poor design and coding choices that can negatively impact the quality of a software program despite satisfying functional requirements. Studies on mono-language systems suggest that the presence of design smells affects code comprehension, thus making systems harder to maintain. However, these studies target only mono-language systems and do not consider the interaction between different programming languages. In this paper, we present an approach to detect multi-language design smells in the context of JNI systems. We then...
A plane graph is a planar graph with a fixed embedding. Let G =( V,E )b e an edge weighted connec... more A plane graph is a planar graph with a fixed embedding. Let G =( V,E )b e an edge weighted connected plane graph, where V and E are the set of vertices and edges, respectively. Let F be the set of faces of G. For each edge e ∈ E, let w(e) ≥ 0b e the weight of the edge e of G. A face-spanning subgraph of G is a connected subgraph H induced by a set of edges S ⊆ E such that the vertex set of H contains at least one vertex from the boundary of each face f ∈ F of G. A minimum face-spanning subgraph H of G is a face-spanning subgraph of G, where e∈S w(e) is minimum. In this paper we consider the problem of finding a minimum face-spanning subgraph of a plane graph and deal with the following problem which we call “the face-spanning subgraph problem”: “Is there any face-spanning subgraph H of G such that e∈S w(e) ≤ b, for a positive real number b?”. We prove that the face-spanning subgraph problem of a plane graph is NP-complete, which implies that it is unlikely to have a polynomial time ...
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2021
Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming lan... more Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages and technologies. The cost benefits of reuse and the advantages of each programming language are two main incentives behind the proliferation of such systems. However, as the number of languages increases, so do the challenges related to the development and maintenance of these systems. In such situations, developers may introduce design smells (i.e., anti-patterns and code smells) which are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Design smells are defined as poor design and coding choices that can negatively impact the quality of a software program despite satisfying functional requirements. Studies on mono-language systems suggest that the presence of design smells may indicate a higher risk of future bugs and affects code comprehension, thus making systems harder to maintain. However, the impact of multi-language design smells on software quality such as fault-prone...
PloS one, 2015
Cryopreservation is an efficient way to store spermatozoa and plays a critical role in the livest... more Cryopreservation is an efficient way to store spermatozoa and plays a critical role in the livestock industry as well as in clinical practice. During cryopreservation, cryo-stress causes substantial damage to spermatozoa. In present study, the effects of cryo-stress at various cryopreservation steps, such as dilution / cooling, adding cryoprtectant, and freezing were studied in spermatozoa collected from 9 individual bull testes. The motility (%), motion kinematics, capacitation status, mitochondrial activity, and viability of bovine spermatozoa at each step of the cryopreservation process were assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, Hoechst 33258/chlortetracycline fluorescence, rhodamine 123 staining, and hypo-osmotic swelling test, respectively. The results demonstrate that the cryopreservation steps reduced motility (%), rapid speed (%), and mitochondrial activity, whereas medium/slow speed (%), and the acrosome reaction were increased (P < 0.05). Differences (Δ) of t...
Scientific reports, Jan 16, 2015
The xenoestrogen bisphenol-A (BPA) is a widespread environmental contaminant that has been studie... more The xenoestrogen bisphenol-A (BPA) is a widespread environmental contaminant that has been studied for its impact on male fertility in several species of animals and humans. Growing evidence suggests that xenoestrogens can bind to receptors on spermatozoa and thus alter sperm function. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of BPA (0.0001, 0.01, 1, and 100 μM for 6 h) on sperm function, fertilization, embryonic development, and on selected fertility-related proteins in spermatozoa. Our results showed that high concentrations of BPA inhibited sperm motility and motion kinematics by significantly decreasing ATP levels in spermatozoa. High BPA concentrations also increased the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on sperm proteins involved in protein kinase A-dependent regulation and induced a precocious acrosome reaction, which resulted in poor fertilization and compromised embryonic development. In addition, BPA induced the down-regulation...
BioMed research international, 2014
Freshly ejaculated spermatozoa are incapable or poorly capable of fertilizing an oocyte. The fert... more Freshly ejaculated spermatozoa are incapable or poorly capable of fertilizing an oocyte. The fertilization aptness of spermatozoa depends on the appropriate and time-dependent acquisition of hyperactivation, chemotaxis, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction, where calcium (Ca(2+)) is extensively involved in almost every step. A literature review showed that several ion channel proteins are likely responsible for regulation of the Ca(2+) uptake in spermatozoa. Therefore, manipulation of the functions of channel proteins is closely related to Ca(2+) influx, ultimately affecting male fertility. Recently, it has been shown that, together with different physiological stimuli, protein-protein interaction also modifies the Ca(2+) influx mechanism in spermatozoa. Modern proteomic analyses have identified several sperm proteins, and, therefore, these findings might provide further insight into understanding the Ca(2+) influx, protein functions, and regulation of fertility. The objective of...
BMC genomics, Jan 14, 2014
Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo capacitation, before becoming competent for fertilization. Des... more Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo capacitation, before becoming competent for fertilization. Despite its importance, the fundamental molecular mechanisms of capacitation are poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we applied a proteomic approach for identifying capacitation-related proteins in boar spermatozoa in order to elucidate the events more precisely. 2-DE gels were generated from spermatozoa samples in before- and after-capacitation. To validate the 2-DE results, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were performed with 2 commercially available antibodies. Additionally, the protein-related signaling pathways among identified proteins were detected using Pathway Studio 9.0. We identified Ras-related protein Rab-2, Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) and Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta (PDHB) that were enriched before-capacitation, and NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta subcomplex 6, Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin-5, (PRDX5), A...
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, Jan 18, 2015
Conventional semen analysis has been utilized to prognose and diagnose male fertility. While this... more Conventional semen analysis has been utilized to prognose and diagnose male fertility. While this tool is essential for providing initial quantitative information about semen, it remains a subject of debate. Therefore, development of new methods for the prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility should be seriously considered for animal species of economic importance as well as for humans. In the present study, we applied a comprehensive proteomic approach to identify global protein biomarkers in boar spermatozoa in order to increase the precision of male fertility prognoses and diagnoses. We determined that L-amino-acid oxidase, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2, NAD (MDH2), cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B, lysozyme-like protein 4, and calmodulin (CALM) were significantly and abundantly expressed in high-litter size spermatozoa. We also found that equatorin, spermadhesin AWN, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), Ras-related protein Rab-2A (RAB2A), spermadhesin AQN-3, and NADH dehydr...
Encyclopedia of Algorithms, 2015
University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University, 2012
The diversity of avifauna at the BARD (Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development), Comilla was stu... more The diversity of avifauna at the BARD (Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development), Comilla was studied from March, 2010 to March, 2011. A total of 41 species of birds (20 non-passerines and 21passerines) were identified. Among the total species, 37 (90.25%) were resident and 4 (9.75%) were winter migrants. Regarding to the habitat types utilized by individual species, 11 was bush dwellers, 5 at open place, 5 on human habitations, 4 on tall trees, 10 in garden, 6 found at near the pond. Relative abundance (by number) showed that 10 species were very common, 25 common, 9 fairly common and 7 few. The highest density was recorded for Passer domesticus (480.15 indiv. / acre) and the lowest was for Dicrurus macrocercus (1.29 indiv. / acre). Among these birds, 18 (43.91%) species were insectivores, 6 (14.64%) piscivores, 6 (14.64%) granivores, 2 (4.88%) frugivores, 4 (9.76%) rodentivores, only one (2.44%) nectar feeder and the rest 3 (7.32%) were mixed feeders. Among the avifauna, 8 (21.63%...
Convection and Conduction Heat Transfer, 2011
University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University, 2013
Breeding biology of the Coppersmith barbet, Megalaima haemacephala (Müller, 1776) was carried out... more Breeding biology of the Coppersmith barbet, Megalaima haemacephala (Müller, 1776) was carried out between February, 2006 and January, 2007 at Sharawardy Uddyan, Ramna Park, Curzon Hall and National Botanical Garden. The breeding season started from December and ended in June. In total 20 nests were observed, of which 10 nests were studied in details in four study areas. The coppersmith barbet mostly preferred to make holes on the branches of koroi (Albizzia procera) for nesting. Egg laying started on 15th February in the study areas. Average height of nests from the ground was 9.7m and average depth and diameter of the holes was 29.20cm and 4.46cm respectively. New holes were constructed yearly or the old one was reused. Both the sexes took part in incubation of eggs, brooding and feeding to the nestlings. A total of 30 eggs were laid in 10 nests. Clutch size varied from 2 4 eggs (average: 3 eggs). Among them, 20 (66.67%) eggs were hatched and the rest 10 (33.33%) were unhatched a...
2013 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 2013
Knowledge of similar code fragments, also known as code clones, is important to many software mai... more Knowledge of similar code fragments, also known as code clones, is important to many software maintenance activities including bug fixing, refactoring, impact analysis and program comprehension. While a great deal of research has been conducted for finding techniques and implementing tools to identify code clones, little research has been done to analyze the relationships between code clones and other aspects of software. In this paper, we attempt to uncover the relationships between code clones and coupling among domain-level components. We report on a case study of a large-scale open source enterprise system, where we demonstrate the probability of finding code clones among components with domain-based coupling is more than 90%. While such a probabilistic view does not replace a clone detection tool per se, it certainly has the potential to complement the existing tools by providing the probability of having code clones between software components. For example, it can both reduce the clone search space and provide a flexible and language independent way of focusing only on a specific part of the system. It can also provide a higher level of abstraction to look at the cloning relationships among software components. 1
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013
In this paper, along with the progress of modern wind energy technology, the trends of wind energ... more In this paper, along with the progress of modern wind energy technology, the trends of wind energy technology and potential challenges have been studied thoroughly. It is estimated that within the next 2-3 decades, the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) can dominate the wind-energy technology. The VAWT requires less land space and using the same space; it is capable of producing more wind energy than that of its counterpart. By implying the Fish Schooling Concept effectively and successfully, it is possible to advance the wind-energy technology more. In the last 3-4 decades, the wind turbine capacity has been increased around 30-40 times. With the increase of wind energy capacity, the demand of the energy storage system has been increased significantly. Along with the many energy storage systems, fuel cells and batteries are the two most promising devices to meet the demand in RE systems. The wind-energy technology is established itself but not yet fully mature and hence there are many areas where improvements are required to reduce the cost of wind energy.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013
Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that provides an extensive range of resources to resolve... more Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that provides an extensive range of resources to resolve the energy-related problems, as the developing components and appliances are smaller than 100 nm they provide the new ways to catch, store and exchange energy. Every day, the sun shines a huge amount of energy which is generated through a process of nuclear fusion. Even the sun radiates more energy in one second than people have practiced since the beginning of time. It has been noted that the technical potential of solar energy all over the world is many times larger than the current total primary energy demanded. In this study, the solar harvesting technology with the help of nano-materials has been thoroughly studied. The different types of modern solar collecting technologies that use the nanomaterials effectively and successfully have been discussed. Among a number of devices, the solar collector, the fuel cell, photocatalysis and solar photovoltaic have used the nanomaterials to increase the efficiency. It is found that by using nanomaterials the incident radiation can be increased by 9 times while the efficiency of the solar collector is 10% higher compared to that of a conventional flat plate solar collector. The generation ways solar cell technologies have been also discussed here. At the end of this article, few challenges in using nanotechnology are also addressed in detail.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2011
To overcome the negative impacts on the environment and other problems associated with fossil fue... more To overcome the negative impacts on the environment and other problems associated with fossil fuels have forced many countries to inquire into and change to environmental friendly alternatives that are renewable to sustain the increasing energy demand. Solar energy is one of the best renewable energy sources with least negative impacts on the environment. Different countries have formulated solar energy policies to reducing dependence on fossil fuel and increasing domestic energy production by solar energy. This paper discusses a review about the different solar energy policies implemented on the different countries of the world. According to the 2010 BP Statistical Energy Survey, the world cumulative installed solar energy capacity was 22928.9 MW in 2009, a change of 46.9% compared to 2008. Also this paper discussed the existing successful solar energy policies of few selected countries. Based on literatures, it has been found that FIT, RPS and incentives are the most beneficial energy policies implemented by many countries around the world. These policies provide significant motivation and interest for the development and use of renewable energy technologies. Also the status of solar energy policy for Malaysia is investigated and compared with that of the successful countries in the world.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
As hydrogen fuel cell vehicles move from manifestation to commercialization, the users expect saf... more As hydrogen fuel cell vehicles move from manifestation to commercialization, the users expect safe, convenient and customer-friendly fuelling. Hydrogen quality affects fuel cell stack performance and lifetime, as well as other factors such as valve operation. In this paper, previous researcher's development on hydrogen as a possible major fuel of the future has been studied thoroughly. Hydrogen is one of the energy carriers which can replace fossil fuel and can be used as fuel in an internal combustion engines and as a fuel cell in vehicles. To use hydrogen as a fuel of internal combustion engine, engine design should be considered for avoiding abnormal combustion. As a result it can improve engine efficiency, power output and reduce NO x emissions. The emission of fuel cell is low as compared to conventional vehicles but as penalty, fuel cell vehicles need additional space and weight to install the battery and storage tank, thus increases it production cost. The production of hydrogen can be 'carbon-free' only if it is generated by employing genuinely carbon-free renewable energy sources. The acceptability of hydrogen technology depends on the knowledge and awareness of the hydrogen benefits towards environment and human life. Recent study shows that people still do not have the sufficient information of hydrogen.
Empirical Software Engineering
During software evolution, inexperienced developers may introduce design anti-patterns when they ... more During software evolution, inexperienced developers may introduce design anti-patterns when they modify their software systems to fix bugs or to add new functionalities based on changes in requirements. Developers may also use design patterns to promote software quality or as a possible cure for some design anti-patterns. Thus, design patterns and design anti-patterns are introduced, removed, and mutated from one another by developers. Many studies investigated the evolution of design patterns and design antipatterns and their impact on software development. However, they investigated design patterns or design anti-patterns in isolation and did not consider their mutations and the impact of these mutations on software quality. Therefore, we report our study of bidirectional mutations between design patterns and design anti-patterns and the impacts of these mutations on software changeand fault-proneness. We analyzed snapshots of seven Java software systems with diverse sizes, evolution histories, and application domains. We built Markov models to capture the probability of occurrences of the different design patterns and de
ArXiv, 2021
Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-... more Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-driven solutions to diverse real-world problems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). However, machine learning meets software engineering not only with promising potentials but also with some inherent challenges. Despite some recent research efforts, we still do not have a clear understanding of the challenges of developing ML-based applications and the current industry practices. Moreover, it is unclear where software engineering researchers should focus their efforts to better support ML application developers. In this paper, we report about a survey that aimed to understand the challenges and best practices of ML application development. We synthesize the results obtained from 80 practitioners (with diverse skills, experience, and application domains) into 17 findings; outlining challenges and best practices for ML apMd Saidur Rahm...
ArXiv, 2019
SAP is the market leader in enterprise software offering an end-to-end suite of applications and ... more SAP is the market leader in enterprise software offering an end-to-end suite of applications and services to enable their customers worldwide to operate their business. Especially, retail customers of SAP deal with millions of sales transactions for their day-to-day business. Transactions are created during retail sales at the point of sale (POS) terminals and then sent to some central servers for validations and other business operations. A considerable proportion of the retail transactions may have inconsistencies due to many technical and human errors. SAP provides an automated process for error detection but still requires a manual process by dedicated employees using workbench software for correction. However, manual corrections of these errors are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and may lead to further errors due to incorrect modifications. This is not only a performance overhead on the customers' business workflow but it also incurs high operational costs. Thus, automate...
ArXiv, 2020
Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming lan... more Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the development and maintenance of these systems. In such situations, developers may introduce design smells (i.e., anti-patterns and code smells) which are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Design smells are defined as poor design and coding choices that can negatively impact the quality of a software program despite satisfying functional requirements. Studies on mono-language systems suggest that the presence of design smells affects code comprehension, thus making systems harder to maintain. However, these studies target only mono-language systems and do not consider the interaction between different programming languages. In this paper, we present an approach to detect multi-language design smells in the context of JNI systems. We then...
A plane graph is a planar graph with a fixed embedding. Let G =( V,E )b e an edge weighted connec... more A plane graph is a planar graph with a fixed embedding. Let G =( V,E )b e an edge weighted connected plane graph, where V and E are the set of vertices and edges, respectively. Let F be the set of faces of G. For each edge e ∈ E, let w(e) ≥ 0b e the weight of the edge e of G. A face-spanning subgraph of G is a connected subgraph H induced by a set of edges S ⊆ E such that the vertex set of H contains at least one vertex from the boundary of each face f ∈ F of G. A minimum face-spanning subgraph H of G is a face-spanning subgraph of G, where e∈S w(e) is minimum. In this paper we consider the problem of finding a minimum face-spanning subgraph of a plane graph and deal with the following problem which we call “the face-spanning subgraph problem”: “Is there any face-spanning subgraph H of G such that e∈S w(e) ≤ b, for a positive real number b?”. We prove that the face-spanning subgraph problem of a plane graph is NP-complete, which implies that it is unlikely to have a polynomial time ...
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2021
Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming lan... more Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages and technologies. The cost benefits of reuse and the advantages of each programming language are two main incentives behind the proliferation of such systems. However, as the number of languages increases, so do the challenges related to the development and maintenance of these systems. In such situations, developers may introduce design smells (i.e., anti-patterns and code smells) which are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Design smells are defined as poor design and coding choices that can negatively impact the quality of a software program despite satisfying functional requirements. Studies on mono-language systems suggest that the presence of design smells may indicate a higher risk of future bugs and affects code comprehension, thus making systems harder to maintain. However, the impact of multi-language design smells on software quality such as fault-prone...
PloS one, 2015
Cryopreservation is an efficient way to store spermatozoa and plays a critical role in the livest... more Cryopreservation is an efficient way to store spermatozoa and plays a critical role in the livestock industry as well as in clinical practice. During cryopreservation, cryo-stress causes substantial damage to spermatozoa. In present study, the effects of cryo-stress at various cryopreservation steps, such as dilution / cooling, adding cryoprtectant, and freezing were studied in spermatozoa collected from 9 individual bull testes. The motility (%), motion kinematics, capacitation status, mitochondrial activity, and viability of bovine spermatozoa at each step of the cryopreservation process were assessed using computer-assisted sperm analysis, Hoechst 33258/chlortetracycline fluorescence, rhodamine 123 staining, and hypo-osmotic swelling test, respectively. The results demonstrate that the cryopreservation steps reduced motility (%), rapid speed (%), and mitochondrial activity, whereas medium/slow speed (%), and the acrosome reaction were increased (P < 0.05). Differences (Δ) of t...
Scientific reports, Jan 16, 2015
The xenoestrogen bisphenol-A (BPA) is a widespread environmental contaminant that has been studie... more The xenoestrogen bisphenol-A (BPA) is a widespread environmental contaminant that has been studied for its impact on male fertility in several species of animals and humans. Growing evidence suggests that xenoestrogens can bind to receptors on spermatozoa and thus alter sperm function. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of BPA (0.0001, 0.01, 1, and 100 μM for 6 h) on sperm function, fertilization, embryonic development, and on selected fertility-related proteins in spermatozoa. Our results showed that high concentrations of BPA inhibited sperm motility and motion kinematics by significantly decreasing ATP levels in spermatozoa. High BPA concentrations also increased the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on sperm proteins involved in protein kinase A-dependent regulation and induced a precocious acrosome reaction, which resulted in poor fertilization and compromised embryonic development. In addition, BPA induced the down-regulation...
BioMed research international, 2014
Freshly ejaculated spermatozoa are incapable or poorly capable of fertilizing an oocyte. The fert... more Freshly ejaculated spermatozoa are incapable or poorly capable of fertilizing an oocyte. The fertilization aptness of spermatozoa depends on the appropriate and time-dependent acquisition of hyperactivation, chemotaxis, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction, where calcium (Ca(2+)) is extensively involved in almost every step. A literature review showed that several ion channel proteins are likely responsible for regulation of the Ca(2+) uptake in spermatozoa. Therefore, manipulation of the functions of channel proteins is closely related to Ca(2+) influx, ultimately affecting male fertility. Recently, it has been shown that, together with different physiological stimuli, protein-protein interaction also modifies the Ca(2+) influx mechanism in spermatozoa. Modern proteomic analyses have identified several sperm proteins, and, therefore, these findings might provide further insight into understanding the Ca(2+) influx, protein functions, and regulation of fertility. The objective of...
BMC genomics, Jan 14, 2014
Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo capacitation, before becoming competent for fertilization. Des... more Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo capacitation, before becoming competent for fertilization. Despite its importance, the fundamental molecular mechanisms of capacitation are poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we applied a proteomic approach for identifying capacitation-related proteins in boar spermatozoa in order to elucidate the events more precisely. 2-DE gels were generated from spermatozoa samples in before- and after-capacitation. To validate the 2-DE results, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were performed with 2 commercially available antibodies. Additionally, the protein-related signaling pathways among identified proteins were detected using Pathway Studio 9.0. We identified Ras-related protein Rab-2, Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) and Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta (PDHB) that were enriched before-capacitation, and NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta subcomplex 6, Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin-5, (PRDX5), A...
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, Jan 18, 2015
Conventional semen analysis has been utilized to prognose and diagnose male fertility. While this... more Conventional semen analysis has been utilized to prognose and diagnose male fertility. While this tool is essential for providing initial quantitative information about semen, it remains a subject of debate. Therefore, development of new methods for the prognosis and diagnosis of male fertility should be seriously considered for animal species of economic importance as well as for humans. In the present study, we applied a comprehensive proteomic approach to identify global protein biomarkers in boar spermatozoa in order to increase the precision of male fertility prognoses and diagnoses. We determined that L-amino-acid oxidase, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2, NAD (MDH2), cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B, lysozyme-like protein 4, and calmodulin (CALM) were significantly and abundantly expressed in high-litter size spermatozoa. We also found that equatorin, spermadhesin AWN, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), Ras-related protein Rab-2A (RAB2A), spermadhesin AQN-3, and NADH dehydr...
Encyclopedia of Algorithms, 2015
University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University, 2012
The diversity of avifauna at the BARD (Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development), Comilla was stu... more The diversity of avifauna at the BARD (Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development), Comilla was studied from March, 2010 to March, 2011. A total of 41 species of birds (20 non-passerines and 21passerines) were identified. Among the total species, 37 (90.25%) were resident and 4 (9.75%) were winter migrants. Regarding to the habitat types utilized by individual species, 11 was bush dwellers, 5 at open place, 5 on human habitations, 4 on tall trees, 10 in garden, 6 found at near the pond. Relative abundance (by number) showed that 10 species were very common, 25 common, 9 fairly common and 7 few. The highest density was recorded for Passer domesticus (480.15 indiv. / acre) and the lowest was for Dicrurus macrocercus (1.29 indiv. / acre). Among these birds, 18 (43.91%) species were insectivores, 6 (14.64%) piscivores, 6 (14.64%) granivores, 2 (4.88%) frugivores, 4 (9.76%) rodentivores, only one (2.44%) nectar feeder and the rest 3 (7.32%) were mixed feeders. Among the avifauna, 8 (21.63%...
Convection and Conduction Heat Transfer, 2011
University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University, 2013
Breeding biology of the Coppersmith barbet, Megalaima haemacephala (Müller, 1776) was carried out... more Breeding biology of the Coppersmith barbet, Megalaima haemacephala (Müller, 1776) was carried out between February, 2006 and January, 2007 at Sharawardy Uddyan, Ramna Park, Curzon Hall and National Botanical Garden. The breeding season started from December and ended in June. In total 20 nests were observed, of which 10 nests were studied in details in four study areas. The coppersmith barbet mostly preferred to make holes on the branches of koroi (Albizzia procera) for nesting. Egg laying started on 15th February in the study areas. Average height of nests from the ground was 9.7m and average depth and diameter of the holes was 29.20cm and 4.46cm respectively. New holes were constructed yearly or the old one was reused. Both the sexes took part in incubation of eggs, brooding and feeding to the nestlings. A total of 30 eggs were laid in 10 nests. Clutch size varied from 2 4 eggs (average: 3 eggs). Among them, 20 (66.67%) eggs were hatched and the rest 10 (33.33%) were unhatched a...
2013 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), 2013
Knowledge of similar code fragments, also known as code clones, is important to many software mai... more Knowledge of similar code fragments, also known as code clones, is important to many software maintenance activities including bug fixing, refactoring, impact analysis and program comprehension. While a great deal of research has been conducted for finding techniques and implementing tools to identify code clones, little research has been done to analyze the relationships between code clones and other aspects of software. In this paper, we attempt to uncover the relationships between code clones and coupling among domain-level components. We report on a case study of a large-scale open source enterprise system, where we demonstrate the probability of finding code clones among components with domain-based coupling is more than 90%. While such a probabilistic view does not replace a clone detection tool per se, it certainly has the potential to complement the existing tools by providing the probability of having code clones between software components. For example, it can both reduce the clone search space and provide a flexible and language independent way of focusing only on a specific part of the system. It can also provide a higher level of abstraction to look at the cloning relationships among software components. 1
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013
In this paper, along with the progress of modern wind energy technology, the trends of wind energ... more In this paper, along with the progress of modern wind energy technology, the trends of wind energy technology and potential challenges have been studied thoroughly. It is estimated that within the next 2-3 decades, the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) can dominate the wind-energy technology. The VAWT requires less land space and using the same space; it is capable of producing more wind energy than that of its counterpart. By implying the Fish Schooling Concept effectively and successfully, it is possible to advance the wind-energy technology more. In the last 3-4 decades, the wind turbine capacity has been increased around 30-40 times. With the increase of wind energy capacity, the demand of the energy storage system has been increased significantly. Along with the many energy storage systems, fuel cells and batteries are the two most promising devices to meet the demand in RE systems. The wind-energy technology is established itself but not yet fully mature and hence there are many areas where improvements are required to reduce the cost of wind energy.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013
Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that provides an extensive range of resources to resolve... more Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that provides an extensive range of resources to resolve the energy-related problems, as the developing components and appliances are smaller than 100 nm they provide the new ways to catch, store and exchange energy. Every day, the sun shines a huge amount of energy which is generated through a process of nuclear fusion. Even the sun radiates more energy in one second than people have practiced since the beginning of time. It has been noted that the technical potential of solar energy all over the world is many times larger than the current total primary energy demanded. In this study, the solar harvesting technology with the help of nano-materials has been thoroughly studied. The different types of modern solar collecting technologies that use the nanomaterials effectively and successfully have been discussed. Among a number of devices, the solar collector, the fuel cell, photocatalysis and solar photovoltaic have used the nanomaterials to increase the efficiency. It is found that by using nanomaterials the incident radiation can be increased by 9 times while the efficiency of the solar collector is 10% higher compared to that of a conventional flat plate solar collector. The generation ways solar cell technologies have been also discussed here. At the end of this article, few challenges in using nanotechnology are also addressed in detail.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2011
To overcome the negative impacts on the environment and other problems associated with fossil fue... more To overcome the negative impacts on the environment and other problems associated with fossil fuels have forced many countries to inquire into and change to environmental friendly alternatives that are renewable to sustain the increasing energy demand. Solar energy is one of the best renewable energy sources with least negative impacts on the environment. Different countries have formulated solar energy policies to reducing dependence on fossil fuel and increasing domestic energy production by solar energy. This paper discusses a review about the different solar energy policies implemented on the different countries of the world. According to the 2010 BP Statistical Energy Survey, the world cumulative installed solar energy capacity was 22928.9 MW in 2009, a change of 46.9% compared to 2008. Also this paper discussed the existing successful solar energy policies of few selected countries. Based on literatures, it has been found that FIT, RPS and incentives are the most beneficial energy policies implemented by many countries around the world. These policies provide significant motivation and interest for the development and use of renewable energy technologies. Also the status of solar energy policy for Malaysia is investigated and compared with that of the successful countries in the world.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012
As hydrogen fuel cell vehicles move from manifestation to commercialization, the users expect saf... more As hydrogen fuel cell vehicles move from manifestation to commercialization, the users expect safe, convenient and customer-friendly fuelling. Hydrogen quality affects fuel cell stack performance and lifetime, as well as other factors such as valve operation. In this paper, previous researcher's development on hydrogen as a possible major fuel of the future has been studied thoroughly. Hydrogen is one of the energy carriers which can replace fossil fuel and can be used as fuel in an internal combustion engines and as a fuel cell in vehicles. To use hydrogen as a fuel of internal combustion engine, engine design should be considered for avoiding abnormal combustion. As a result it can improve engine efficiency, power output and reduce NO x emissions. The emission of fuel cell is low as compared to conventional vehicles but as penalty, fuel cell vehicles need additional space and weight to install the battery and storage tank, thus increases it production cost. The production of hydrogen can be 'carbon-free' only if it is generated by employing genuinely carbon-free renewable energy sources. The acceptability of hydrogen technology depends on the knowledge and awareness of the hydrogen benefits towards environment and human life. Recent study shows that people still do not have the sufficient information of hydrogen.