Leah Gustilo | De La Salle University (original) (raw)
Papers by Leah Gustilo
International journal for educational integrity, Mar 20, 2024
The present study aimed at characterizing what skilled or more proficient ESL college writing is ... more The present study aimed at characterizing what skilled or more proficient ESL college writing is in the Philippine setting through a contrastive analysis of three groups of variables identified from previous studies: resources, processes, and performance of ESL writers. Based on Chenoweth and Hayes' (2001; 2003) framework, the resource level variables are represented by linguistic and content knowledge, writing experience, and writing approach; the process variables are represented by proposer (idea generation), translator (idea encoding), transcriber (idea transcription), and reviser (idea revision/evaluation). Writing performance was represented by length of essay and writing fluency. Essay score, also a measure of writing performance, was used to group the writers into less proficient and more proficient writers. Means and standard deviations of the items were obtained. The internal consistencies for tests using scales were obtained using Cronbach's Alpha; for tests with right and wrong answers, Kuder Richardson #21 was used. Inter-rater agreement for essay scores was tested using Kendall's Tau coefficient of concordance. To compare the mean scores between the less proficient and more proficient writers, independent samples t-test was used. Results indicated that there are significant differences between the two proficiency groups in content knowledge, vocabulary, elaborative writing approach, school writing experience and confidence in writing, and in all the measures of text production processes. Due to methodological limitations, conclusions made in the present study are restricted to the sample under study and to the genre of writing selected (viz., argumentative essay).
Gender and Language, 2019
A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have exp... more A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have explained why such differences exist from the standpoint of Deficit, Dominance and Difference models, emphasising male and female dichotomy or male domination over women. The present study aims at filling a gap in language and gender research by underpinning its analysis with a social constructionist paradigm which views language and its interaction with the community of practice (CofP) as the conduits in shaping identity and by locating the context of the study inside a religious CofP. Our analyses indicated that the members of a Charismatic religious community share common selfpresentation strategies when constructing their identities, rejecting the dualism that distinguishes male and female language. Both males and females in our study have the same tendencies in using Supplication, Intimidation, Admitting Mistakes, Apology and Excuse in the narration of their Old life and Exemplification and Burnishing in the characterisation of their New life. However, the same respondents also exhibited differential use of tactics that also bolster previous findings on gender order. The interlocking relations of language, identity
Pragmatics, 2023
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution and the functions of the semantic classe... more The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution and the functions of the semantic classes of adverbial clauses in the different organizational sections of L2 research articles in the field of applied linguistics and language teaching. Compared with nouns and verbs, the study of adverbs and adverbials is less popular because of the notion that they are not the main elements of sentence meaning. However, adverbs and adverbials are significant because of the roles they play in discourse. This study used 20 research articles selected from four journals and a book, which contained research papers written by Filipino authors. The clauses were manually marked and classified according to their semantic classes, and were counted separately according to the four conventional organizational units identified: Introduction, Methodology, Results and Discussion, and Conclusion/Recommendations (I-M-R-C). Then their functions in the different parts of the articles were analyzed. One of the ...
Considering the dearth of information about how self is presented on the web, especially by Filip... more Considering the dearth of information about how self is presented on the web, especially by Filipino home page authors, this study investigated online self-presentation on personal home pages focusing on ways in which authors present themselves online using hybrid literacies that rely on the combined visual, linguistic, and audio resources available on the web. The study used a multi-method approach: online survey of the PHP authors, content analysis of the websites, and linguistic analysis of the self-description language data found on the websites. The online survey was conducted in order to describe the host characteristics and production processes involved in home page authoring. The content analysis focused on the content and formulaic categories of the different elements found on the home pages. The content categories consisted of demographics, self-expression/description, social memberships, and interests while the formulaic features include feedback mechanism, audio/visual features, and organizational features. The linguistic analysis delved into the self-presentation strategies and linguistic features of PHPs. Overall, the study highlights some features associated with computer-mediated communication. There is a trend among Filipino personal home page authors to display similar online strategies used by PHP authors in previous studies. Filipino authors present themselves online using the palette of multi-modal elements like favourite links, guest books, background music, linguistic descriptions, graphics, e-mails, and many more. The analysis of the language data of PHPs yielded findings pointing to the preference of self-promotion over ingratiation by PHP authors, reflecting an important traditional belief in the Philippine culture: education and qualifications are important factors in a person good life. Self-promotion is greatly exhibited by high-profile non-computer related individuals, computerrelated workers, and students. Ingratiation, on the other hand, is greatly preferred by homemakers, low-profile non-computer related workers, and a student it is less likely to be used in computer-related jobs. The test for significance between self-presentation strategies and linguistic features reveals that self-presentation strategies may influence the use of following features: modals, pronouns, and process types. When using the self-promotion strategy, first and second pronouns, high commitment modality markers, and material and relational processes dominate. When, on the other hand, authors utilize ingratiation strategy, third person pronouns, emphasizers, and mental process features seem to abound. The link between self-presentation and linguistic features and other expressive resources is established by relating the particular pattern found in the data to Goffman explanation of sign activity. The study posits that when individuals prefer particular linguistic patterns or design tools, the choices have to be understood as signalling something about the persons identity, because these linguistic choices are paralinguistic cues (corresponding to non-verbal cue in face-to-face interaction) that reveal something about an individual
Pragmatics, 2022
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
Gender and Language, 2019
A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have exp... more A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have explained why such differences exist from the standpoint of Deficit, Dominance and Difference models, emphasising male and female dichotomy or male domination over women. The present study aims at filling a gap in language and gender research by underpinning its analysis with a social constructionist paradigm which views language and its interaction with the community of practice (CofP) as the conduits in shaping identity and by locating the context of the study inside a religious CofP. Our analyses indicated that the members of a Charismatic religious community share common selfpresentation strategies when constructing their identities, rejecting the dualism that distinguishes male and female language. Both males and females in our study have the same tendencies in using Supplication, Intimidation, Admitting Mistakes, Apology and Excuse in the narration of their Old life and Exemplification and Burnishing in the characterisation of their New life. However, the same respondents also exhibited differential use of tactics that also bolster previous findings on gender order. The interlocking relations of language, identity
John Benjamins , 2021
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), 2021
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience’s presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal r...
Volume 5 Issue 1 MJSELT , 2023
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature (MJSELT) is an internationa... more Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature (MJSELT) is an international, academic, and refereed publication that aims to report the latest studies in English language, language teaching, and literature. We welcome original and high-quality articles that critically assess and expand theories, advance classroom teaching and learning, improve research methods, inform policymaking, and promote new ideas and discoveries. The following important criteria should be met by the articles:new methodological approaches or new perspectives in conducting traditional research, scholarly rigor in the analysis and discussion of findings that result in new theorizing, and novel contributions that address real-world problems. MJSELT is an important resource for students, teachers, researchers, and administrators in the area of language teaching and related areas of language studies.
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature, 2022
A cornucopia of research has been recorded on metadiscourse across disciplines and languages. Sti... more A cornucopia of research has been recorded on metadiscourse across disciplines and languages. Still, this current study is the first to analyze how metadiscourse markers (MDMs) help realize the functions of moves and steps in the Methods sections of research articles (RAs) involving different disciplines and Englishes. The current research is concerned with the identification of MDMs in the moves and steps of the Methods section of social science, business, and linguistics RAs written by American English (inner circle), Philippine English (outer circle), and Chinese English (expanding circle) RA writers. Utilizing a qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology, it shows that engagement MDMs are the highly preferred interactional MDMs, that culture and discipline are two variables that account for the variations in MDMs use, that soft disciplines like social sciences and humanities seem to demand more writer accountability to assertions made, and that both the expanding and outer circles of Englishes sometimes behave like the inner circle English with apparent similarities and differences in the utilization of MDMs. Instructional implications were suggested based on the results of our present work.
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature
A cornucopia of research has been conducted on the use of metadiscourse across disciplines and la... more A cornucopia of research has been conducted on the use of metadiscourse across disciplines and languages. Still, this present study is the first to identify and analyse how metadiscourse markers (MDMs) help realize the functions of moves and steps in the Methods sections of research articles (RAs) across disciplines and Englishes. The present study is an investigation of the distribution of MDMs in the formulation of moves and steps in the Methods section of social science, business, and linguistics RAs written by American English (the inner circle), Philippine English (outer circle), and Chinese English (expanding circle) RA writers. Utilizing a qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology, it shows that engagement markers are the most frequently used interactional markers, that culture and discipline are two variables that account for the variations in MDMs use, that soft disciplines like humanities and social sciences seem to demand more writer accountability to assertions made, an...
3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature® The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 2021
The rapidly-spreading infectious disease known as Covid-19 has created a global debacle which tri... more The rapidly-spreading infectious disease known as Covid-19 has created a global debacle which triggered the creation of a specialised language to reflect the new situations that have suddenly become part of people's lives. The goal of the present investigation is to describe the linguistic innovations that entered the lexicon of Englishes across the globe. This corpus-based study aimed at describing the meanings and word-formation processes of the trending pandemic-related revitalised and newly-formed compounds and blends in L1 and L2 English varieties. The findings of the current study have clearly displayed that the lasting effects of the pandemic are left indelibly in the lexical innovations introduced in language. Not all pandemic-related words will become permanent in the word stock of any given variety. However, given the long-lasting implications of COVID-19, documenting the nature of language upheaval during the pandemic and its contribution to the vocabulary of first and second language English varieties is of utmost importance.
GEMA ONLINE: Journal of Language Studies , 2022
Wars and conquests have always opened the floodgates of new words and meanings into the lexicon o... more Wars and conquests have always opened the floodgates of new words and meanings into the lexicon of the English language. Another kind of war that opens the floodgates for the passage of neologisms into the English language is the war on health during epidemics or pandemics. The present study utilized the News On the Web (NOW) corpus of English-corpora.org to (1) produce a word-list of COVID-19 pandemic language classified as medical, economic, political, and psychosocial lexemes; (2) identify the word-formation processes operating on the COVID-19 related vocabulary, and (3) determine which words are prevalent and unique in L1, L2 Asian, and L2 African varieties of the English language based on their occurrences in the corpus. The study identified 590 pandemic-related words drawn from the News on the Web (NOW) corpus dating from January 2020 to October 2021. The psychosocial category of the pandemic lexicon constitutes the biggest category of words identified from the corpus. The word-formation processes that operated in the production of the pandemic lexemes are compounds, blends, affixation, acronyms, and back-formation. L1 countries have the highest number of pandemic neologisms, prevalent or high-frequent pandemic lexemes, and unique word combinations. People produce neologisms as a coping mechanism to overcome various stressors and reflect their pandemic-related experiences.
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2021
A plethora of research on academic discourse analysis has supplied empirical findings that reader... more A plethora of research on academic discourse analysis has supplied empirical findings that readers' impressions of texts can be managed through the utilization of metadiscoursal resources linked to the social intentions and practices of academic communities. However, the writers' efforts in meeting the readers' expectations through metadiscourse in the specific rhetorical moves of abstracts across disciplines have not been much researched. The study examines the rhetorical moves of research article abstracts (RAAs) and the distribution of metadiscourse markers (MDMs) across the identified moves using a corpus of 300 abstracts in four disciplines. The analysis shows that product, purpose, and method moves were given more prominence by most of the writers across disciplines. Transition markers were the most utilized interactive markers, while hedges and engagement markers were the most prominently used interactional markers. This study provides implications for research article abstract writers to manage readers' impressions of texts and comply with the expectations of the discourse community in their respective fields.
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature
The present study sought to determine the current skills, competencies, and needs of the Senior H... more The present study sought to determine the current skills, competencies, and needs of the Senior High School (SHS) students in a public school in Metro Manila, Philippines, regarding academic reading and writing through needs analysis (NA). The NA uses two approaches: (1) present situation analysis (PSA), with a purpose of pointing out the English proficiency of students and their level in reading and writing in the second language at the onset of the course (Dudley-Evans & St Johns, 1998; Robinson, 1991 as cited in Ibrahim, 2016), and (2) learning needs analysis (LNA), which is referred to as, “what the learner needs to do to learn” (Hutchinson & Waters, 1987 as cited in Ibrahim, 2016, p.2). The researchers conducted a survey among 100 SHS students and triangulated the results through an item analysis of Reading and Writing diagnostic test administered to the participants and interview sessions with three English teachers, seven diagnostic test high scorers, and seven students with ...
Intelligibility and Acceptability of Internet Philippine English (IPE): Their Implications to English Language Teaching in New English Varieties, 2019
King Arman Calingasan is a full-time faculty member in Notre Dame University. Through a scholarsh... more King Arman Calingasan is a full-time faculty member in Notre Dame University. Through a scholarship granted by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) of the Philippines, he is currently finishing the program, Master of Arts in English Language Education, in De
An Analysis of Writer’s Performance, Resources, and Idea Generation Processes: The Case of Filipino Engineering Students., 2013
The purpose of the pilot study, which is a part of a larger project on ESL writing involving fres... more The purpose of the pilot study, which is a part of a larger project on ESL writing involving freshmen college students in the Philippines, is to explore the relationship between writer's performance, writer's resources, and writer's idea generation process. To measure the writer's performance, diagnostic essays of 85 Filipino freshmen engineering students were evaluated based on Gustilo's (2011) modified holistic scoring guide. To measure writer's resources, tests on linguistic knowledge and topic familiarity and a survey questionnaire on writing background were administered to the same students. To measure writer's idea generation process while composing, a Likert Scale questionnaire based on Chenoweth and Hayes 2001 and 2003 models was designed and administered to the students after their diagnostic essay task. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test for significant relationships. Discourse completion task (DCT) was administered to confirm the results gathered through quantitative method. Findings partly confirm the findings of previous studies. Writer's performance is correlated with all the variables under study except for spelling test.
International journal for educational integrity, Mar 20, 2024
The present study aimed at characterizing what skilled or more proficient ESL college writing is ... more The present study aimed at characterizing what skilled or more proficient ESL college writing is in the Philippine setting through a contrastive analysis of three groups of variables identified from previous studies: resources, processes, and performance of ESL writers. Based on Chenoweth and Hayes' (2001; 2003) framework, the resource level variables are represented by linguistic and content knowledge, writing experience, and writing approach; the process variables are represented by proposer (idea generation), translator (idea encoding), transcriber (idea transcription), and reviser (idea revision/evaluation). Writing performance was represented by length of essay and writing fluency. Essay score, also a measure of writing performance, was used to group the writers into less proficient and more proficient writers. Means and standard deviations of the items were obtained. The internal consistencies for tests using scales were obtained using Cronbach's Alpha; for tests with right and wrong answers, Kuder Richardson #21 was used. Inter-rater agreement for essay scores was tested using Kendall's Tau coefficient of concordance. To compare the mean scores between the less proficient and more proficient writers, independent samples t-test was used. Results indicated that there are significant differences between the two proficiency groups in content knowledge, vocabulary, elaborative writing approach, school writing experience and confidence in writing, and in all the measures of text production processes. Due to methodological limitations, conclusions made in the present study are restricted to the sample under study and to the genre of writing selected (viz., argumentative essay).
Gender and Language, 2019
A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have exp... more A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have explained why such differences exist from the standpoint of Deficit, Dominance and Difference models, emphasising male and female dichotomy or male domination over women. The present study aims at filling a gap in language and gender research by underpinning its analysis with a social constructionist paradigm which views language and its interaction with the community of practice (CofP) as the conduits in shaping identity and by locating the context of the study inside a religious CofP. Our analyses indicated that the members of a Charismatic religious community share common selfpresentation strategies when constructing their identities, rejecting the dualism that distinguishes male and female language. Both males and females in our study have the same tendencies in using Supplication, Intimidation, Admitting Mistakes, Apology and Excuse in the narration of their Old life and Exemplification and Burnishing in the characterisation of their New life. However, the same respondents also exhibited differential use of tactics that also bolster previous findings on gender order. The interlocking relations of language, identity
Pragmatics, 2023
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution and the functions of the semantic classe... more The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution and the functions of the semantic classes of adverbial clauses in the different organizational sections of L2 research articles in the field of applied linguistics and language teaching. Compared with nouns and verbs, the study of adverbs and adverbials is less popular because of the notion that they are not the main elements of sentence meaning. However, adverbs and adverbials are significant because of the roles they play in discourse. This study used 20 research articles selected from four journals and a book, which contained research papers written by Filipino authors. The clauses were manually marked and classified according to their semantic classes, and were counted separately according to the four conventional organizational units identified: Introduction, Methodology, Results and Discussion, and Conclusion/Recommendations (I-M-R-C). Then their functions in the different parts of the articles were analyzed. One of the ...
Considering the dearth of information about how self is presented on the web, especially by Filip... more Considering the dearth of information about how self is presented on the web, especially by Filipino home page authors, this study investigated online self-presentation on personal home pages focusing on ways in which authors present themselves online using hybrid literacies that rely on the combined visual, linguistic, and audio resources available on the web. The study used a multi-method approach: online survey of the PHP authors, content analysis of the websites, and linguistic analysis of the self-description language data found on the websites. The online survey was conducted in order to describe the host characteristics and production processes involved in home page authoring. The content analysis focused on the content and formulaic categories of the different elements found on the home pages. The content categories consisted of demographics, self-expression/description, social memberships, and interests while the formulaic features include feedback mechanism, audio/visual features, and organizational features. The linguistic analysis delved into the self-presentation strategies and linguistic features of PHPs. Overall, the study highlights some features associated with computer-mediated communication. There is a trend among Filipino personal home page authors to display similar online strategies used by PHP authors in previous studies. Filipino authors present themselves online using the palette of multi-modal elements like favourite links, guest books, background music, linguistic descriptions, graphics, e-mails, and many more. The analysis of the language data of PHPs yielded findings pointing to the preference of self-promotion over ingratiation by PHP authors, reflecting an important traditional belief in the Philippine culture: education and qualifications are important factors in a person good life. Self-promotion is greatly exhibited by high-profile non-computer related individuals, computerrelated workers, and students. Ingratiation, on the other hand, is greatly preferred by homemakers, low-profile non-computer related workers, and a student it is less likely to be used in computer-related jobs. The test for significance between self-presentation strategies and linguistic features reveals that self-presentation strategies may influence the use of following features: modals, pronouns, and process types. When using the self-promotion strategy, first and second pronouns, high commitment modality markers, and material and relational processes dominate. When, on the other hand, authors utilize ingratiation strategy, third person pronouns, emphasizers, and mental process features seem to abound. The link between self-presentation and linguistic features and other expressive resources is established by relating the particular pattern found in the data to Goffman explanation of sign activity. The study posits that when individuals prefer particular linguistic patterns or design tools, the choices have to be understood as signalling something about the persons identity, because these linguistic choices are paralinguistic cues (corresponding to non-verbal cue in face-to-face interaction) that reveal something about an individual
Pragmatics, 2022
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
Gender and Language, 2019
A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have exp... more A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have explained why such differences exist from the standpoint of Deficit, Dominance and Difference models, emphasising male and female dichotomy or male domination over women. The present study aims at filling a gap in language and gender research by underpinning its analysis with a social constructionist paradigm which views language and its interaction with the community of practice (CofP) as the conduits in shaping identity and by locating the context of the study inside a religious CofP. Our analyses indicated that the members of a Charismatic religious community share common selfpresentation strategies when constructing their identities, rejecting the dualism that distinguishes male and female language. Both males and females in our study have the same tendencies in using Supplication, Intimidation, Admitting Mistakes, Apology and Excuse in the narration of their Old life and Exemplification and Burnishing in the characterisation of their New life. However, the same respondents also exhibited differential use of tactics that also bolster previous findings on gender order. The interlocking relations of language, identity
John Benjamins , 2021
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), 2021
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience’s presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal r...
Volume 5 Issue 1 MJSELT , 2023
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature (MJSELT) is an internationa... more Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature (MJSELT) is an international, academic, and refereed publication that aims to report the latest studies in English language, language teaching, and literature. We welcome original and high-quality articles that critically assess and expand theories, advance classroom teaching and learning, improve research methods, inform policymaking, and promote new ideas and discoveries. The following important criteria should be met by the articles:new methodological approaches or new perspectives in conducting traditional research, scholarly rigor in the analysis and discussion of findings that result in new theorizing, and novel contributions that address real-world problems. MJSELT is an important resource for students, teachers, researchers, and administrators in the area of language teaching and related areas of language studies.
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature, 2022
A cornucopia of research has been recorded on metadiscourse across disciplines and languages. Sti... more A cornucopia of research has been recorded on metadiscourse across disciplines and languages. Still, this current study is the first to analyze how metadiscourse markers (MDMs) help realize the functions of moves and steps in the Methods sections of research articles (RAs) involving different disciplines and Englishes. The current research is concerned with the identification of MDMs in the moves and steps of the Methods section of social science, business, and linguistics RAs written by American English (inner circle), Philippine English (outer circle), and Chinese English (expanding circle) RA writers. Utilizing a qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology, it shows that engagement MDMs are the highly preferred interactional MDMs, that culture and discipline are two variables that account for the variations in MDMs use, that soft disciplines like social sciences and humanities seem to demand more writer accountability to assertions made, and that both the expanding and outer circles of Englishes sometimes behave like the inner circle English with apparent similarities and differences in the utilization of MDMs. Instructional implications were suggested based on the results of our present work.
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature
A cornucopia of research has been conducted on the use of metadiscourse across disciplines and la... more A cornucopia of research has been conducted on the use of metadiscourse across disciplines and languages. Still, this present study is the first to identify and analyse how metadiscourse markers (MDMs) help realize the functions of moves and steps in the Methods sections of research articles (RAs) across disciplines and Englishes. The present study is an investigation of the distribution of MDMs in the formulation of moves and steps in the Methods section of social science, business, and linguistics RAs written by American English (the inner circle), Philippine English (outer circle), and Chinese English (expanding circle) RA writers. Utilizing a qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology, it shows that engagement markers are the most frequently used interactional markers, that culture and discipline are two variables that account for the variations in MDMs use, that soft disciplines like humanities and social sciences seem to demand more writer accountability to assertions made, an...
3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature® The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 2021
The rapidly-spreading infectious disease known as Covid-19 has created a global debacle which tri... more The rapidly-spreading infectious disease known as Covid-19 has created a global debacle which triggered the creation of a specialised language to reflect the new situations that have suddenly become part of people's lives. The goal of the present investigation is to describe the linguistic innovations that entered the lexicon of Englishes across the globe. This corpus-based study aimed at describing the meanings and word-formation processes of the trending pandemic-related revitalised and newly-formed compounds and blends in L1 and L2 English varieties. The findings of the current study have clearly displayed that the lasting effects of the pandemic are left indelibly in the lexical innovations introduced in language. Not all pandemic-related words will become permanent in the word stock of any given variety. However, given the long-lasting implications of COVID-19, documenting the nature of language upheaval during the pandemic and its contribution to the vocabulary of first and second language English varieties is of utmost importance.
GEMA ONLINE: Journal of Language Studies , 2022
Wars and conquests have always opened the floodgates of new words and meanings into the lexicon o... more Wars and conquests have always opened the floodgates of new words and meanings into the lexicon of the English language. Another kind of war that opens the floodgates for the passage of neologisms into the English language is the war on health during epidemics or pandemics. The present study utilized the News On the Web (NOW) corpus of English-corpora.org to (1) produce a word-list of COVID-19 pandemic language classified as medical, economic, political, and psychosocial lexemes; (2) identify the word-formation processes operating on the COVID-19 related vocabulary, and (3) determine which words are prevalent and unique in L1, L2 Asian, and L2 African varieties of the English language based on their occurrences in the corpus. The study identified 590 pandemic-related words drawn from the News on the Web (NOW) corpus dating from January 2020 to October 2021. The psychosocial category of the pandemic lexicon constitutes the biggest category of words identified from the corpus. The word-formation processes that operated in the production of the pandemic lexemes are compounds, blends, affixation, acronyms, and back-formation. L1 countries have the highest number of pandemic neologisms, prevalent or high-frequent pandemic lexemes, and unique word combinations. People produce neologisms as a coping mechanism to overcome various stressors and reflect their pandemic-related experiences.
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2021
A plethora of research on academic discourse analysis has supplied empirical findings that reader... more A plethora of research on academic discourse analysis has supplied empirical findings that readers' impressions of texts can be managed through the utilization of metadiscoursal resources linked to the social intentions and practices of academic communities. However, the writers' efforts in meeting the readers' expectations through metadiscourse in the specific rhetorical moves of abstracts across disciplines have not been much researched. The study examines the rhetorical moves of research article abstracts (RAAs) and the distribution of metadiscourse markers (MDMs) across the identified moves using a corpus of 300 abstracts in four disciplines. The analysis shows that product, purpose, and method moves were given more prominence by most of the writers across disciplines. Transition markers were the most utilized interactive markers, while hedges and engagement markers were the most prominently used interactional markers. This study provides implications for research article abstract writers to manage readers' impressions of texts and comply with the expectations of the discourse community in their respective fields.
Modern Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Literature
The present study sought to determine the current skills, competencies, and needs of the Senior H... more The present study sought to determine the current skills, competencies, and needs of the Senior High School (SHS) students in a public school in Metro Manila, Philippines, regarding academic reading and writing through needs analysis (NA). The NA uses two approaches: (1) present situation analysis (PSA), with a purpose of pointing out the English proficiency of students and their level in reading and writing in the second language at the onset of the course (Dudley-Evans & St Johns, 1998; Robinson, 1991 as cited in Ibrahim, 2016), and (2) learning needs analysis (LNA), which is referred to as, “what the learner needs to do to learn” (Hutchinson & Waters, 1987 as cited in Ibrahim, 2016, p.2). The researchers conducted a survey among 100 SHS students and triangulated the results through an item analysis of Reading and Writing diagnostic test administered to the participants and interview sessions with three English teachers, seven diagnostic test high scorers, and seven students with ...
Intelligibility and Acceptability of Internet Philippine English (IPE): Their Implications to English Language Teaching in New English Varieties, 2019
King Arman Calingasan is a full-time faculty member in Notre Dame University. Through a scholarsh... more King Arman Calingasan is a full-time faculty member in Notre Dame University. Through a scholarship granted by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) of the Philippines, he is currently finishing the program, Master of Arts in English Language Education, in De
An Analysis of Writer’s Performance, Resources, and Idea Generation Processes: The Case of Filipino Engineering Students., 2013
The purpose of the pilot study, which is a part of a larger project on ESL writing involving fres... more The purpose of the pilot study, which is a part of a larger project on ESL writing involving freshmen college students in the Philippines, is to explore the relationship between writer's performance, writer's resources, and writer's idea generation process. To measure the writer's performance, diagnostic essays of 85 Filipino freshmen engineering students were evaluated based on Gustilo's (2011) modified holistic scoring guide. To measure writer's resources, tests on linguistic knowledge and topic familiarity and a survey questionnaire on writing background were administered to the same students. To measure writer's idea generation process while composing, a Likert Scale questionnaire based on Chenoweth and Hayes 2001 and 2003 models was designed and administered to the students after their diagnostic essay task. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test for significant relationships. Discourse completion task (DCT) was administered to confirm the results gathered through quantitative method. Findings partly confirm the findings of previous studies. Writer's performance is correlated with all the variables under study except for spelling test.
Knowledge types and presuppositions An analysis of strategic aspects of public apologies, 2021
Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarl... more Public apologies are so prevalent in our social lives that they have become a subject of scholarly investigation all over the globe. The present study, which involves coding, frequency counting, and qualitative analysis, examines the strategic aspects of 16 public apologies issued to Filipino apologizees. The results of our analysis indicate that apologizers often choose varied knowledge types and draw upon presuppositions to strategically omit details that can negatively influence their credibility and the reception of their apology. More specifically, apologizers use the audience's presuppositions to avoid presenting common knowledge of the offense that may incriminate them further; they also omit the mention of future action that may hold them more accountable for their transgressions. Our present analysis bolsters the view that although the sincerity of public apologies cannot be exactly measured, they are still performed as part of image repair and management of interpersonal relationships.
Gendered and genderless constructions of religious identity in a Charismatic community of practice., 2019
A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have exp... more A plethora of studies that account for the differential use of language by men and women have explained why such differences exist from the standpoint of Deficit, Dominance and Difference models, emphasising male and female dichotomy or male domination over women. The present study aims at filling a gap in language and gender research by underpinning its analysis with a social constructionist paradigm which views language and its interaction with the community of practice (CofP) as the conduits in shaping identity and by locating the context of the study inside a religious CofP. Our analyses indicated that the members of a Charismatic religious community share common selfpresentation strategies when constructing their identities, rejecting the dualism that distinguishes male and female language. Both males and females in our study have the same tendencies in using Supplication, Intimidation, Admitting Mistakes, Apology and Excuse in the narration of their Old life and Exemplification and Burnishing in the characterisation of their New life. However, the same respondents also exhibited differential use of tactics that also bolster previous findings on gender order. The interlocking relations of language, identity