Provision Shared VPC (original) (raw)

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Shared VPC lets you export subnets from aVirtual Private Cloud (VPC) network in a host project to other service projects in the same organization. Instances in the service projects can have network connections in the shared subnets of the host project. This page describes how to set up and use Shared VPC, including some necessary administrative preparation for your organization.

Shared VPC supports exporting subnets of anystack type.

For information about detaching service projects or removing the Shared VPC configuration completely, seeDeprovision Shared VPC.

Shared VPC is also referred to as "XPN" in the API and command-line interface.

Before you begin, make sure that you are familiar withShared VPC andIAM, specifically:

Prepare your organization

Keep the following information in mind, when you prepare your organization.

Administrators and IAM

Preparing your organization, setting up Shared VPC host projects, and using Shared VPC networks involves a minimum of three different administrative Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles. For more details about each role and information about optional ones, see theadministrators and IAMsection of the Shared VPC overview.

Organization policy constraints

Organization policy constraints can protect Shared VPC resources at the project, folder, or organization level. The following sections describe each policy.

Prevent accidental deletion of host projects

The accidental deletion of a host project would lead to outages in all service projects attached to it. When a project is configured to be a Shared VPC host project, a special lock—called a _lien_—is placed upon it. As long as the lien is present, it prevents the project from being deleted accidentally. The lien is automatically removed from the host project when it is no longer configured for Shared VPC.

A user with the orgpolicy.policyAdmin role can define an organization-level policy constraint (constraints/compute.restrictXpnProjectLienRemoval) that limits the removal of liens to just the following roles:

This effectively prevents a project owner who does not have the roles/ownerrole at the organization level or the resourcemanager.lienModifier role at the organization level from being able to accidentally delete a Shared VPC host project. For more information about the permissions associated with the resourcemanager.lienModifier role, refer to Placing a lien on a project in the Resource Manager documentation.

Because an organization policy applies to all projects in the organization, you only need to follow these steps once to restrict lien removal.

  1. Authenticate to gcloud as an Organization Admin or IAM principal with the orgpolicy.policyAdmin role. ReplaceORG_ADMIN with the name of an Organization Admin:
    gcloud auth login ORG_ADMIN
  2. Determine your organization ID number by looking at the output of this command.
    gcloud organizations list
  3. Enforce the compute.restrictXpnProjectLienRemoval policy for your organization by running this command. Replace ORG_ID with the number you determined from the previous step.
    gcloud resource-manager org-policies enable-enforce \
    --organization ORG_ID compute.restrictXpnProjectLienRemoval
  4. Log out of gcloud if you are finished performing tasks as an Organization Admin to protect your account.
    gcloud auth revoke ORG_ADMIN

Constrain host project attachments

By default, a Shared VPC Admin can attach a non-host to any host project in the same organization. An organization policy administrator can limit the set of hosts projects to which a non-host project or non-host projects in a folder or organization can be attached. For more information, see theconstraints/compute.restrictSharedVpcHostProjects constraint.

Constrain the subnets in the host project that a service project can use

By default, after you configure Shared VPC, IAM principals in service projects can use any subnet in the host project if they have theappropriate IAM permissions. In addition to managing individual user permissions, an organization policy administrator can set a policy to define the set of subnets that can be accessed by a particular project or by projects in a folder or organization. For more information, see theconstraints/compute.restrictSharedVpcSubnetworks constraint.

Prevent accidental shutdown of host projects

Disconnecting billing on a Shared VPC network can lead to a complete shutdown of all dependent resources including service projects. To prevent a possible occurrence of an accidental Shared VPC shutdown due to inactive or disabled billing, secure the link between the host project and its billing account.

Nominate Shared VPC Admins

An Organization Admin can grant one or more IAM principals theShared VPC AdminandProject IAM Admin roles.

The Project IAM Admin role grants Shared VPC Admins permission to share all existing and future subnets, not just individual subnets. This grant creates a binding at the organization or folder level, not the project level. So the IAM principals must be defined in the organization, not just a project therein.

Console

To grant the Shared VPC Admin role at the organization level

  1. Log into the Google Cloud console as an Organization Admin, then go to the IAM page.
    Go to the IAM page
  2. From the project menu, select your organization.
    If you select a project, the Roles menu shows incorrect entries.
  3. Click Add.
  4. Enter the email addresses of the New principals.
  5. In the Roles menu, select Compute Engine >Compute Shared VPC Admin.
  6. Click Add another role.
  7. In the Roles drop down, select Resource Manager > Project IAM Admin.
  8. Click Save.

To grant the Shared VPC Admin role at the folder level

  1. Log into the Google Cloud console as an Organization Admin, then go to the IAM page.
    Go to the IAM page
  2. From the project menu, select your folder.
    If you select a project or organization, the options you see are incorrect.
  3. Click Add.
  4. Enter the email addresses of the New principals.
  5. Under Select a role, selectCompute Engine > Compute Shared VPC Admin.
  6. Click Add another role.
  7. In the Roles menu, select Resource Manager >Project IAM Admin.
  8. Click Add another role.
  9. In the Roles menu, select Resource Manager >Compute Network Viewer.
  10. Click Save.

gcloud

  1. Authenticate to gcloud as an Organization Admin. ReplaceORG_ADMIN with the name of an Organization Admin:
    gcloud auth login ORG_ADMIN
  2. Determine your organization ID number by looking at the output of this command.
    gcloud organizations list
  3. To assign the Shared VPC Admin role at the organizationlevel, do the following:
    1. Apply Shared VPC Admin role to an existing IAM principal. ReplaceORG_ID with the organization ID number from the previous step, and EMAIL_ADDRESS with the email address of the user to whom you are granting the Shared VPC Admin role.
      gcloud organizations add-iam-policy-binding ORG_ID \
      --member='user:EMAIL_ADDRESS' \
      --role="roles/compute.xpnAdmin"
      gcloud organizations add-iam-policy-binding ORG_ID \
      --member='user:EMAIL_ADDRESS' \
      --role="roles/resourcemanager.projectIamAdmin"
  4. To assign the Shared VPC Admin role at thefolder level, do the following:
    1. Determine your folder ID by looking at the output of this command.
      gcloud resource-manager folders list --organization=ORG_ID
    2. Apply Shared VPC Admin role to an existing IAM principal. Replace ORG_IDwith the organization ID number from the previous step, andEMAIL_ADDRESS with the email address of the user to whom you are granting the Shared VPC Admin role.
      gcloud resource-manager folders add-iam-policy-binding FOLDER_ID \
      --member='user:EMAIL_ADDRESS' \
      --role="roles/compute.xpnAdmin"
      gcloud resource-manager folders add-iam-policy-binding FOLDER_ID \
      --member='user:EMAIL_ADDRESS' \
      --role="roles/resourcemanager.projectIamAdmin"
      gcloud resource-manager folders add-iam-policy-binding FOLDER_ID \
      --member='user:EMAIL_ADDRESS' \
      --role="roles/compute.networkViewer"
  5. Revoke your Organization Admin account token for in the gcloudcommand-line tool when you are finished performing tasks to protect your account.
    gcloud auth revoke ORG_ADMIN

API

All tasks in this section must be performed by a Shared VPC Admin.

Enable a host project

Within an organization, Shared VPC Admins can designate projects as Shared VPC host projects, subject toquotas and limits, by following this procedure. Shared VPC Admins can also create and delete projects if they have theProject Creator role and Project Deleter role(roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator and roles/resourcemanager.projectDeleter) for your organization.

When you enable a host project, the project's network resources are not automatically shared with service projects. You need to attach service projects to the host project to share selected networks and subnets with the service projects.

Console

If you don't yet have the Compute Shared VPC Admin role (roles/compute.xpnAdmin), then you cannot view this page in the Google Cloud console.

  1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.
    Go to Shared VPC
  2. Sign in as a Shared VPC Admin.
  3. Select the project you want to enable as a Shared VPC host project from the project picker.
  4. Click Set up Shared VPC.
  5. On the next page, click Save & continue underEnable host project.
  6. Under Select subnets, do one of the following:
    1. Click Share all subnets (project-level permissions) if you need to share all current and future subnets in the VPC networks of the host project with service projects and Service Project Admins specified in the next steps.
    2. Click Individual subnets (subnet-level permissions) if you need to selectively share subnets from the VPC networks of the host project with service projects and Service Project Admins. Then, select Subnets to share.
  7. Click Continue.
    The next screen is displayed.
  8. In Project names, specify the service projects to attach to the host project. Note that attaching service projects does not define any Service Project Admins; that is done in the next step.
  9. In the Select users by role section, add Service Project Admins. These users will be granted the IAM role ofcompute.networkUser for the shared subnets. Only Service Project Admins can create resources in the subnets of the Shared VPC host project.
  10. Click Save.

gcloud

  1. Authenticate to gcloud as a Shared VPC Admin. ReplaceSHARED_VPC_ADMIN with the name of the Shared VPC Admin:
    gcloud auth login SHARED_VPC_ADMIN
  2. Enable Shared VPC for the project that you need to become a host project. Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the project.
    gcloud compute shared-vpc enable HOST_PROJECT_ID
  3. Confirm that the project is listed as a host project for your organization. Replace ORG_ID with your organization ID (determined by gcloud organizations list).
    gcloud compute shared-vpc organizations list-host-projects ORG_ID
  4. If you only needed to enable a host project, you can log out ofgcloud to protect your Shared VPC Admin account credentials. Otherwise, skip this step and continue with the steps to attach service projects.
    gcloud auth revoke SHARED_VPC_ADMIN

API

  1. Enable Shared VPC for the project by using credentials with Shared VPC Admin permissions.
    POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/enableXpnHost
    Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the project that will be a Shared VPC host project.
    For more information, see theprojects.enableXpnHost method.
  2. Confirm that the project is listed as a host project.
    POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/listXpnHosts
    Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the Shared VPC host project.
    For more information, see theprojects.listXpnHosts method.

Terraform

You can use aTerraform resourceto enable a host project.

To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, seeBasic Terraform commands.

Attach service projects

A service project must attach to a host project before its Service Project Admins can use the Shared VPC. A Shared VPC Admin must perform the following steps to complete the attachment.

A service project can only attach to one host project, but a host project supports multiple service project attachments. Refer tolimits specific to Shared VPCon the VPC quotas page for details.

Console

  1. Log into the Google Cloud console as a Shared VPC Admin.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.
    Go to the Shared VPC page
  3. Click the Attached projects tab.
  4. Under the Attached projects tab, click the Attach projectsbutton.
  5. Check the boxes for the service projects to attach in the Project names section. Note that attaching service projects does not define any Service Project Admins; that is done in the next step.
  6. In the VPC network permissions section, select the roles whose principals will get the compute.networkUser role. IAM principals are granted the Network User role for the entire host project or certain subnets in the host project, based on the VPC network sharing mode. These principals are known as Service Project Admins in their respective service projects.
  7. In the VPC network sharing mode section, select one of the following:
    1. Click Share all subnets (project-level permissions) to share all current and future subnets in VPC networks of the host project with all service projects and Service Project Admins.
    2. Click Individual subnets (subnet-level permissions) if you need to selectively share subnets from VPC networks of the host project with service projects and Service Project Admins. Then, select Subnets to share.
  8. Click Save.

gcloud

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Shared VPC Admin. Replace SHARED_VPC_ADMINwith the name of the Shared VPC Admin:
    gcloud auth login SHARED_VPC_ADMIN
  2. Attach a service project to a previously enabled host project. ReplaceSERVICE_PROJECT_ID with the project ID for the service project and HOST_PROJECT_ID with the project ID for the host project.
    gcloud compute shared-vpc associated-projects add SERVICE_PROJECT_ID \
    --host-project HOST_PROJECT_ID
  3. Confirm that the service project has been attached.
    gcloud compute shared-vpc get-host-project SERVICE_PROJECT_ID
  4. Optionally, you can list the service projects that are attached to the host project:
    gcloud compute shared-vpc list-associated-resources HOST_PROJECT_ID
  5. If you only needed to attach a service project, you can log out ofgcloud to protect your Shared VPC Admin account credentials. Otherwise, skip this step and define Service Project Admins for all subnets or for just some subnets.
    gcloud auth revoke SHARED_VPC_ADMIN

API

  1. Attach a service project to the Shared VPC host project.
    POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/enableXpnResource
    {
    "xpnResource": {
    "id": "SERVICE_PROJECT"
    }
    }
    Replace the following:
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the Shared VPC host project.
    • SERVICE_PROJECT: the ID of the service project to attach.
      For more information, see theprojects.enableXpnResource method.
  2. Confirm that the service projects are attached to the host project.
    GET https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/getXpnResources
    Replace the following:

Terraform

You can use a Terraform resourceto attach a service project.

To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, seeBasic Terraform commands.

Service Project Admins for all subnets

A Shared VPC Admin can assign an IAM principal from a service project to be a Service Project Admin with access to all subnets in the host project. Service Project Admins of this type are granted the role ofcompute.networkUser for the whole host project. This means that they have access to all of the defined and future subnets in the host project.

A user who has the compute.networkUser role in the host project can see all subnets within attached service projects.

Console

To define an IAM principal from a service project as Service Project Admin with access to all subnets in a host project using the Google Cloud console, see the attach service projects section.

gcloud

These steps cover defining an IAM principal from a service project as a Service Project Admin with access to all subnets in a host project. Before you can perform these steps, you must haveenabled a host project andattached the service project to the host project.

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Shared VPC Admin. Replace SHARED_VPC_ADMINwith the name of the Shared VPC Admin:
    gcloud auth login SHARED_VPC_ADMIN
  2. Create a policy binding to make an IAM principal from the service project a Service Project Admin. ReplaceHOST_PROJECT_ID with the project ID for the host project and SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN with the email address of the Service Project Admin user.
    gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding HOST_PROJECT_ID \
    --member "user:SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN" \
    --role "roles/compute.networkUser"
    You can specify different types of principals bychanging the format of the --member argument:
    • Use group: to specify a Google group (by email address) as a principal.
    • Use domain: to specify a Google domain as a principal.
    • Use serviceAccount: to specify a service account. Refer toService Accounts as Service Project Admins for more information about this use case.
  3. Repeat the previous step for each additional Service Project Admin you need to define.
  4. If you are finished defining Service Project Admins, you can log out of gcloud to protect your Shared VPC Admin account credentials.
    gcloud auth revoke SHARED_VPC_ADMIN

API

  1. Describe and then record the details of your existing project policy. You'll need the existing policy and etag value.
    POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v2/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID:getIamPolicy
    Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the Shared VPC host project.
  2. Create a policy binding to designate IAM principals in the service project as Service Project Admins.
    POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID:setIamPolicy
    {
    "bindings": [
    ...copy existing bindings
    {
    "members": [
    PRINCIPAL,
    ...additional principals
    ],
    "role": "roles/compute.networkUser"
    },
    ],
    "etag": "ETAG",
    "version": 1,
    ...other existing policy details
    }
    Replace the following:
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the host project that contains the Shared VPC network.
    • PRINCIPAL: an identity that the role is associated with, such as a user, group, domain, or service account. For more information, see themembersfield in the Resource Manager documentation.
    • ETAG: a unique identifier that you got when you described the existing policy. It prevents collisions if multiple updates requests are sent at the same time.
      For more information, see theprojects.setIamPolicy method.

Service Project Admins for some subnets

A Shared VPC Admin can assign an IAM principal from a service project to be a Service Project Admin with access to only some of the subnets in the host project. This option provides a more granular means to define Service Project Admins by granting them the compute.networkUser role for only some subnets in the host project.

A user who has the compute.networkUser role in the host project can see all subnets within attached service projects.

Console

To define an IAM principal from a service project as Service Project Admin with access to only some subnets in a host project using the Google Cloud console, see the attach service projectssection.

gcloud

These steps cover defining IAM principals from a service project as Service Project Admins with access to only some subnets in a host project. Before you can define them, you must haveenabled a host project andattached the service project to the host project.

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Shared VPC Admin. Replace SHARED_VPC_ADMINwith the name of the Shared VPC Admin:
    gcloud auth login SHARED_VPC_ADMIN
  2. Choose the subnet in the host project to which the Service Project Admins should have access. Get its current IAM policy in JSON format. Replace SUBNET_NAME with the name of the subnet in the host project and HOST_PROJECT_IDwith the project ID for the host project.
    gcloud compute networks subnets get-iam-policy SUBNET_NAME \
    --region SUBNET_REGION \
    --project HOST_PROJECT_ID \
    --format json
  3. Copy the JSON output from the previous step and save it to a file. For instructional clarity, these steps save it to a file namedsubnet-policy.json.
  4. Modify the subnet-policy.json file, adding the IAM principals who will become Service Project Admins with access to the subnet. Replace each SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN with the email address of an IAM user from the service project.
    {
    "bindings": [
    {
    "members": [
    "user:[SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN]",
    "user:[SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN]"
    ],
    "role": "roles/compute.networkUser"

}
],
"etag": "[ETAG_STRING]"
}
Note that you can specify different types of IAM principals (other than users) inthe policy:

  1. Update the policy binding for the subnet using the contents of thesubnet-policy.json file.
    gcloud compute networks subnets set-iam-policy SUBNET_NAME subnet-policy.json \
    --region SUBNET_REGION \
    --project HOST_PROJECT_ID
  2. If you are finished defining Service Project Admins, you can log out of gcloud to protect your Shared VPC Admin account credentials.
    gcloud auth revoke SHARED_VPC_ADMIN

API

  1. Describe and then record the details of your existing subnet policy. You'll need the existing policy and etag value.
    GET https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/SUBNET_REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET_NAME/getIamPolicy
    Replace the following:
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the host project that contains the Shared VPC network.
    • SUBNET_NAME: the name of the subnet to share.
    • SUBNET_REGION: the region in which the subnet is located.
  2. Grant Service Project Admins access to subnets in the host project by updating the subnet policy.
    POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/SUBNET_REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET_NAME/setIamPolicy
    {
    "bindings": [
    ...copy existing bindings
    {
    "members": [
    PRINCIPAL,
    ...additional principals
    ],
    "role": "roles/compute.networkUser"
    },
    ],
    "etag": "ETAG",
    "version": 1,
    ...other existing policy details
    }
    Replace the following:
    • ETAG: a unique identifier that you got when you described the existing policy. It prevents collisions if multiple updates requests are sent at the same time.
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the host project that contains the Shared VPC network.
    • PRINCIPAL: an identity that the role is associated with, such as a user, group, domain, or service account. For more information, see themembersfield in the Resource Manager documentation.
    • SUBNET_NAME: the name of the subnet to share.
    • SUBNET_REGION: the region in which the subnet is located.
      For more information, see thesubnetworks.setIamPolicy method.

Service Accounts as Service Project Admins

A Shared VPC Admin can also define service accounts from service projects as Service Project Admins. This section illustrates how to define two different types of service accounts as Service Project Admins:

The Service Project Admin role (compute.networkUser)can be granted forall subnets oronly some subnets of the host project. However, for instructional simplicity, this section only illustrates how to define each of the two service account types as Service Project Admins forall subnets of the host project.

User-managed service accounts as Service Project Admins

These directions describe how to define a user-managed service account as a Service Project Admin for all subnets of the Shared VPC host project.

Console

  1. Log into the Google Cloud console as a Shared VPC Admin.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Settings page.
    Go to the Settings page
  3. Change the project to the service project that contains the service account that needs to be defined as a Service Project Admin.
  4. Copy the Project ID of the service project. For instructional clarity, this procedure refers to the service project ID asSERVICE_PROJECT_ID.
  5. Change the project to the Shared VPC host project.
  6. Go to the IAM page in the Google Cloud console.
    Go to the IAM page
  7. Click Add.
  8. AddSERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME@SERVICE_PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com to the Principals field, replacingSERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME with the name of the service account.
  9. Select Compute Engine > Compute Network User from the Rolesmenu.
  10. Click Add.

gcloud

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Shared VPC Admin. Replace SHARED_VPC_ADMINwith the name of the Shared VPC Admin:
    gcloud auth login SHARED_VPC_ADMIN
  2. If you don't know the project ID for the service project, you can list all projects in your organization. This list shows the project ID for each.
    gcloud projects list
  3. Create a policy binding to make the service account a Service Project Admin. Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the project ID for the host project,SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME with the name of the service account, and SERVICE_PROJECT_IDwith the service project ID.
    gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding HOST_PROJECT_ID \
    --member "serviceAccount:SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME@SERVICE_PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com" \
    --role "roles/compute.networkUser"

API

  1. Describe and then record the details of your existing project policy. You'll need the existing policy and etag value.
    POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v2/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID:getIamPolicy
    Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the Shared VPC host project.
  2. Create a policy binding to designate service accounts as Service Project Admins.
    POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID:setIamPolicy
    {
    "bindings": [
    ...copy existing bindings
    {
    "members": [
    "serviceAccount:SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME@SERVICE_PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com",
    ...include additional service accounts
    ],
    "role": "roles/compute.networkUser"
    },
    ],
    "etag": "ETAG",
    "version": 1,
    ...other existing policy details
    }
    Replace the following:
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the host project that contains the Shared VPC network.
    • SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME: the name of the service account.
    • SERVICE_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the service project that contains the service account.
    • ETAG: a unique identifier that you got when you described the existing policy. It prevents collisions if multiple updates requests are sent at the same time.
      For more information, see theprojects.setIamPolicy method.

Google APIs service account as a Service Project Admin

These directions describe how to define the Google APIs service account as a Service Project Admin for all subnets of the Shared VPC host project. Making the Google APIs service account a Service Project Admin is a requirement for managed instance groups used with Shared VPC because tasks like instance creation are performed by this type of service account. For more information about this relationship, seeManaged Instance Groups and IAM.

Console

  1. Log into the Google Cloud console as a Shared VPC Admin.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Settings page.
    Go to the Settings page
  3. Change the project to the service project that contains the service account that needs to be defined as a Service Project Admin.
  4. Copy the Project number of the service project. For instructional clarity, this procedure refers to the service project number asSERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER.
  5. Change the project to the Shared VPC host project.
  6. Go to the IAM page in the Google Cloud console.
    Go to the IAM page
  7. Click Add.
  8. AddSERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER@cloudservices.gserviceaccount.com to the Members field.
  9. Select Compute Engine > Compute Network User from the Rolesmenu.
  10. Click Add.

gcloud

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Shared VPC Admin. Replace SHARED_VPC_ADMINwith the name of the Shared VPC Admin:
    gcloud auth login SHARED_VPC_ADMIN
  2. Determine the project number for the service project. For instructional clarity, this procedure refers to the service project number as SERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER. ReplaceSERVICE_PROJECT_ID with the project ID for the service project.
    gcloud projects describe SERVICE_PROJECT_ID --format='get(projectNumber)'
    • If you don't know the project ID for the service project, you can list all projects in your organization. This list shows the project number for each.
      gcloud projects list
  3. Create a policy binding to make the service account a Service Project Admin. Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the project ID for the host project and SERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER with the service project number.
    gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding HOST_PROJECT_ID \
    --member "serviceAccount:SERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER@cloudservices.gserviceaccount.com" \
    --role "roles/compute.networkUser"

API

  1. Describe and then record the details of your existing project policy. You'll need the existing policy and etag value.
    POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v2/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID:getIamPolicy
    Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the Shared VPC host project.
  2. List your project to find its project number.
    GET https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects?filter=projectId="SERVICE_PROJECT_ID"
    Replace SERVICE_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the service project where the service account is located.
  3. Create a policy binding to designate service accounts as Service Project Admins.
    POST https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID:setIamPolicy
    {
    "bindings": [
    ...copy existing bindings
    {
    "members": [
    "serviceAccount:SERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER@cloudservices.gserviceaccount.com"
    ],
    "role": "roles/compute.networkUser"
    },
    ],
    "etag": "ETAG",
    "version": 1,
    ...other existing policy details
    }
    Replace the following:
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the host project that contains the Shared VPC network.
    • SERVICE_PROJECT_NUMBER: the number of the service project that contains the service account.
    • ETAG: a unique identifier that you got when you described the existing policy. It prevents collisions if multiple updates requests are sent at the same time.
      For more information, see theprojects.setIamPolicy method.

Use Shared VPC

After a Shared VPC Admin completes the tasks of enabling a host project, attaching the necessary service projects to it, and defining Service Project Admins forall or some of the host project subnets, the Service Project Admins can create instances, templates, and internal load balancers in the service projects by using the subnets of the host project.

All tasks in this section must be performed by a Service Project Admin.

It's important to note that a Shared VPC Admin only grants the Service Project Admins the Compute Network User role(roles/compute.networkUser) to either the entire host project or only some of its subnets. Service Project Admins should also have the other roles necessary to administer their respective service projects. For example, a Service Project Admin could also be a project owner or should at least have theCompute Instance Admin role(roles/compute.instanceAdmin) for the project.

List available subnets

Service Project Admins can list the subnets to which they have been given permission by following these steps.

Console

In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.

Go to Shared VPC

gcloud

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Service Project Admin. Replace SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN with the name of the Service Project Admin:
    gcloud auth login SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN
  2. Run the following command, replacing HOST_PROJECT_IDwith the project ID of the Shared VPC host project:
    gcloud compute networks subnets list-usable --project HOST_PROJECT_ID
    The following example lists the available subnets in the project-1host project:
    $ gcloud compute networks subnets list-usable --project project-1
    PROJECT REGION NETWORK SUBNET RANGE SECONDARY_RANGES
    project-1 us-west1 net-1 subnet-1 10.138.0.0/20
    project-1 us-central1 net-1 subnet-2 10.128.0.0/20 r-1 192.168.2.0/24
    r-2 192.168.3.0/24

project-1 us-east1 net-1 subnet-3 10.142.0.0/20

For more information, see thelist-usable commandin the SDK documentation.

API

List the available subnets in the host project. Make the request as a Service Project Admin.

GET https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/aggregated/subnetworks/listUsable

Replace HOST_PROJECT_ID with the ID of the Shared VPC host project.

For more information, see thesubnetworks.listUsable method.

Reserve a static internal IPv4 or IPv6 address

Service Project Admins can reserve an internal IPv4 or IPv6 address in a subnet of a Shared VPC network. The IP address configuration object is created in the service project, while its value comes from the range of available IPv4 addresses in the chosen shared subnet.

To reserve a standalone internal IP address in the service project, complete the following steps.

Console

  1. Set up Shared VPC.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.
    Go to Shared VPC
  3. Sign in as a Shared VPC Admin.
  4. Select the service project from the project picker.
  5. Go to the IP addresses page by selecting VPC network > IP addresses.
  6. Click Reserve internal static IP address.
  7. In the Name field, enter an IP address name.
  8. In the IP version list, select the required IP version:
    • To reserve a static internal IPv4 address, select IPv4.
    • To reserve a static internal IPv6 address, select IPv6.
  9. Click the Networks shared with me button.
  10. In the Network and Subnetwork lists, select a VPC network and a subnet respectively.
  11. Specify how you want to reserve the IP address:
  1. Optional: If you want to share the static internal IPv4 address in different frontends, for Purpose, choose Shared. The default selection is Non-shared.
  2. Click Reserve.

gcloud

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to the Google Cloud CLI as a Service Project Admin. Replace SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN with the name of the Service Project Admin:
    gcloud auth login SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN
  2. Use the compute addresses create command.
    • Reserve IPv4 addresses:
      gcloud compute addresses create IP_ADDR_NAME \
      --project SERVICE_PROJECT_ID \
      --subnet projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET \
      --region=REGION
      --ip-version=IPV4
    • Reserve IPv6 addresses:
      gcloud compute addresses create IP_ADDR_NAME \
      --project SERVICE_PROJECT_ID \
      --subnet projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET \
      --region=REGION
      --ip-version=IPV6

Replace the following:

Additional details for creating IP addresses are published in theSDK documentation.

API

Use the addresses.insert method.

Replace the following:

For more information, see theaddresses.insert method.

Terraform

You can use a Terraform data block to specify the host subnet information. Then use a Terraform resourceto reserve a static internal IPv4 address. If you omit the optionaladdress argument, an available IPv4 address is selected and reserved.

Specify the host subnet:

Reserve an IPv4 address from the host project's subnet to use in the service project:

To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, seeBasic Terraform commands.

Reserve a static external IPv4 address

A resource in a service project can use a regional static external IPv4 address that is defined in either the service project or the host project. Therefore, a resource in the attached service projects can use a regional staticexternal IPv4 address that is reservedin the host project.

Reserve a static external IPv6 address

Service Project Admins can reserve a static external IPv6 address in a service project. The IPv6 address configuration object is created in the service project, while its value comes from the range of available IPv6 addresses in the chosen shared subnet.

Console

You can reserve a standalone external IPv6 address in the service project using the Google Cloud console:

  1. Set up Shared VPC.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.
    Go to the Shared VPC page
  3. Sign in as a Shared VPC Admin.
  4. Select the service project from the project picker.
  5. To go to the IP addresses page, select VPC network > IP addresses.
  6. Click Reserve external static IP address.
  7. Choose a name for the new address.
  8. Specify whether the network service tier is Premium or Standard. IPv6 static address reservation is supported only in the Premium tier.
  9. Under IP version, select IPv6.
  10. Specify whether this IP address is Regional or Global.
  1. Choose the following:
  1. Based on your choice, choose the following:
  1. Optional: If you have chosen VM instance as the endpoint type, then select a VM instance to attach the IPv6 address to.
  2. Click Reserve.

gcloud

  1. If you have not already, authenticate to gcloud as a Service Project Admin. Replace SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN with the name of the Service Project Admin:
    gcloud auth login SERVICE_PROJECT_ADMIN
  2. Use the gcloud compute addresses create command:
    gcloud compute addresses create IP_ADDR_NAME \
    --project SERVICE_PROJECT_ID \
    --subnet projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET \
    --region=REGION \
    --ip-version=IPV6 \
    --endpoint-type=[VM | NETLB]
    Replace the following:
    • IP_ADDR_NAME: a name for the IPv6 address object.
    • SERVICE_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the service project.
    • HOST_PROJECT_ID: the ID of the Shared VPC host project.
    • SUBNET: the name of the shared subnet.
    • REGION: the region that contains the shared subnet.

API

To reserve a static internal IPv6 address as a Service Project Admin, use theaddresses.insert method:

POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/SERVICE_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/addresses { "name": "ADDRESS_NAME", "ipVersion": "IPV6", "ipv6EndpointType": "VM|LB", "networkTier": "PREMIUM", "subnetwork": "projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET_NAME", "addressType": "EXTERNAL" }

Replace the following:

Create an instance

Keep the following in mind when you use Shared VPC to create an instance:

Console

  1. Set up Shared VPC.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.
    Go to Shared VPC
  3. Sign in as a Shared VPC Admin.
  4. Select the service project from the project picker.
  5. To go to the Create an instance page, selectCompute Engine > VM instances >Create instance.
  6. Specify a Name for the instance.
  7. For Region, select a region that contains a shared subnetwork.
  8. Click Networking under Advanced options.
  9. Under Network interfaces, click the Networks shared with me radio button.
  10. In the Shared subnetwork list, select the required subnet where you want to create the instance:
  1. Select the IP stack type:
  1. Specify any other necessary parameters for the instance.
  2. Click Create.

gcloud

See the following examples:

API

See the following examples:

Terraform

You can use a Terraform data block to specify the host subnet information. Then use a Terraform resource to create a VM instance in a service project.

Specify the host subnet:

Create a VM instance in a service project with an ephemeral IPv4 address from the host project's shared subnet:

Create a VM instance in a service project with a reserved static IPv4 address from the host project's shared subnet:

To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, seeBasic Terraform commands.

Create an instance template

Keep the following in mind when you use Shared VPC to create an instance template:

Console

  1. Set up Shared VPC.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Shared VPC page.
    Go to the Shared VPC page
  3. Sign in as a Shared VPC Admin.
  4. Select the service project from the project picker.
  5. To go to the Create an instance template page, selectCompute Engine > Instance templates >Create instance templates.
  6. Specify a Name for the instance template.
  7. In the Advanced options section, click Networking.
  8. In the Network interfaces section, click theNetworks shared with me radio button.
  9. In the Shared subnetwork list, select the required subnet where you want to create the instance template:
    • For an IPv4-only instance template, select an IPv4-only or dual-stack (IPv4 and IPv6) subnet.
    • For a dual-stack instance template, select a dual-stack subnet with the required IPv6 access type.
    • For an IPv6-only instance template, select a dual-stack subnet or an IPv6-only subnet with the required IPv6 access type.
  10. Select the IP stack type of the instance template:
  1. Specify any other necessary parameters for the instance template.
  2. Click Create.

gcloud

API

Terraform

You can use a Terraform data block to specify the host subnet information. Then use a Terraform resourceto create a VM instance template. The IPv4 addresses for the VMs come from the host project's shared subnet.

The subnet must exist in the same region where the VM instances will be created.

Specify the host subnet:

Create a VM instance template in the service project:

To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, seeBasic Terraform commands.

Create a managed instance group

Keep the following in mind when creating a managed instance group using Shared VPC:

For more information, refer to Creating Groups of Managed Instancesin the Compute Engine documentation.

Create an HTTP(S) load balancer

There are many ways to configure external Application Load Balancers within a Shared VPC network. Regardless of the type of deployment, all the components of the load balancer must be in the same organization and the same Shared VPC network.

To learn more about supported Shared VPC architectures, see the following:

Create an internal passthrough Network Load Balancer

The following example illustrates what you must consider when creating an internal passthrough Network Load Balancer in a Shared VPC network. Service Project Admins can create an internal passthrough Network Load Balancer that uses a subnet (in the host project) to which they have access. The load balancer'sinternal forwarding rule is defined in the service project, but itssubnet referencepoints to a subnet in a Shared VPC network of the host project.

Before you create an internal passthrough Network Load Balancer in a Shared VPC environment, see theShared VPC architecture.

Console

  1. Go to the Load balancing page in the Google Cloud console.
    Go to the Load balancing page
  2. Create your internal TCP/UDP load balancer, making the following adjustment: In the Configure frontend services section, select the Shared VPC subnet you need from the Networks shared by other projects section of the Subnet menu.
  3. Finish creating the load balancer.

gcloud

When you create the internal forwarding rule, specify a subnet in the host project with the --subnet flag:

gcloud compute forwarding-rules create FR_NAME
--project SERVICE_PROJECT_ID
--load-balancing-scheme internal
--region REGION
--ip-protocol IP_PROTOCOL
--ports PORT,PORT,...
--backend-service BACKEND_SERVICE_NAME
--subnet projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET
--address INTERNAL_IP

Replace the following:

For more options, see thegcloud compute forwarding-rules create command.

API

Create the internal forwarding rule and specify a subnet in the host project.

POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/SERVICE_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/forwardingRules { "name": "FR_NAME", "IPAddress": "IP_ADDRESS", "IPProtocol": "IP_PROTOCOL", "ports": [ "PORT", ... ], "loadBalancingScheme": "INTERNAL", "subnetwork": "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET", "network": "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/global/networks/NETWORK_NAME", "backendService": "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/SERVICE_PROJECT_ID/regions/us-west1/backendServices/BE_NAME", "networkTier": "PREMIUM" }

Replace the following:

For more information, see theforwardingRules.insert method.

Terraform

You can use a Terraform data block to specify the host subnet and host network. Then use a Terraform resource to create the forwarding rule.

Specify the host network:

Specify the host subnet:

In the service project, create a forwarding rule in the host project's network and subnet:

To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, seeBasic Terraform commands.

What's next

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Last updated 2026-06-15 UTC.