Identification of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells Using the Cell Surface Marker CD44 (original) (raw)

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Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

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Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama

, Toyama,

Japan

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Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

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Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University

, Kaohsiung,

Taiwan

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Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

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,

Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

Search for other works by this author on:

,

Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

Search for other works by this author on:

,

Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama

, Toyama,

Japan

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Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons

, New York, New York,

USA

Correspondence: Timothy C. Wang, M.D., Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA. Telephone: 212-851-4581; Fax: 212-851-4590; e-mail: tcw21@columbia.edu

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Accepted:

03 February 2009

Published:

12 February 2009

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Shigeo Takaishi, Tomoyuki Okumura, Shuiping Tu, Sophie S.W. Wang, Wataru Shibata, Ramanathan Vigneshwaran, Shanisha A.K. Gordon, Yutaka Shimada, Timothy C. Wang, Identification of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells Using the Cell Surface Marker CD44, Stem Cells, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2009, Pages 1006–1020, https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.30
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Abstract

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been defined as a unique subpopulation in tumors that possess the ability to initiate tumor growth and sustain tumor self-renewal. Although the evidence has been provided to support the existence of CSCs in various solid tumors, the identity of gastric CSCs has not been reported. In this study, we have identified gastric cancer-initiating cells from a panel of human gastric cancer cell lines using cell surface marker CD44. Among six gastric cancer cell lines, three lines MKN-45, MKN-74, and NCI-N87 had a sizeable subpopulation of CD44(+) cells, and these cells showed spheroid colony formation in serum-free media in vitro as well as tumorigenic ability when injected into stomach and skin of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice in vivo. The CD44(+) gastric cancer cells showed the stem cell properties of self-renewal and the ability to form differentiated progeny and gave rise to CD44(−) cells. CD44 knockdown by short hairpin RNA resulted in much reduced spheroid colony formation and smaller tumor production in SCID mice, and the CD44(−) populations had significantly reduced tumorigenic ability in vitro and in vivo. Other potential CSC markers, such as CD24, CD133, CD166, stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1), and SSEA-4, or sorting for side population did not show any correlation with tumorigenicity in vitro or in vivo. The CD44(+) gastric cancer cells showed increased resistance for chemotherapy- or radiation-induced cell death. These results support the existence of gastric CSCs and may provide novel approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

Copyright © 2009 AlphaMed Press

This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open\_access/funder\_policies/chorus/standard\_publication\_model)

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