Oxidative Stress, Poly(ADP)Ribosylation and Aging: In Vitro Studies on Lymphocytes from Normal and Down’s Syndrome Subjects of Different Age and from Patients with Alzheimer’s Dementia (original) (raw)

Abstract

Free radicals are formed in the body as a consequence of aerobic metabolism. Cells have developed a variety of antioxidant systems, that include classical antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) as well as nonenzymatic oxy-radicals scavengers (vitamin E, urea, ß-carotene and some more recently described substances such as carnosine) (1). However, a certain fraction of active oxygen species escapes the cellular defence and may cause transient or permanent damage to cellular components. According to one of the most interesting theory of aging is the “free radical theory of aging”, proposed by D. Harman (2) more than thirty years ago, where oxidative damage has been suggested as a major cause of aging. One of the prediction of this theory is an age-related decrease of the efficiency of antioxidant defence mechanisms.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R. Kohen, Y. Yamamoto, K.C. Cundy, and B.N. Ames, Antioxidant activity of carnosine, homocarnosine, and anserine present in muscle and brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 85: 3175 (1988).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  2. D. Harman, A theory based on free radicals and radiation chemistry. J. Gerontol. 11: 298 (1956).
    PubMed CAS Google Scholar
  3. D.R. Spitz, W.C. Dewey, and C.G. Li, Hydrogen peroxide or heat shock induced resistance to hydrogen peroxide in Chinese hamster fibroblasts, J. Cell Physiol. 131: 364 (1987).
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
  4. S. Shall, ADP-ribosylation of proteins: a ubiquitous cellular control mechanism. In: Advances in post-translational modifications of proteins and aging, V. Zappia, P.Galletti, R.Porta and F. Wold eds, Plenum Press, NY 1988.
    Google Scholar
  5. J.E. Cleaver, C.Borek, K. Milam, and W.F. Morgan, The role of poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis ion toxicity and repair of DNA damage, Pharmacol. Ther. 31: 269 (1987).
    Article Google Scholar
  6. D.A., Carson, S. Seto, and B. Wasson, Lymphocyte disfunction after DNA damage by toxic oxygen species. A model for immunodeficiency. J. Exp. Med. 163: 746 (1986).
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
  7. C. Franceschi, F. Licastro, M. Chiricolo, M. Zannotti, and M. Masi, Premature senility in Down’s syndrome: a model for and an approach to the molecular genetic of the ageing process. In: Immunoregulation in Aging, A. Facchini, J.J. Harman, and G. Labó, Eurage, Rijswijk (1986).
    Google Scholar
  8. J. Kedziora and G. Bartosz, Down’s syndrome: a pathology involving the lack of balance of reactive oxygen species, Free Rad. Biol. Med. 4: 317 (1988).
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
  9. P. Sola, E. Merelli, P. Faglioni, D. Monti, A Cossarizza, and C. Franceschi, DNA repair, sensitivity to gamma radiation and to heat shock in lymphocytes from acute, untreated multiple sclerosis patients, J. Neuroimmunol. 21: 23 (1989).
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Patologia generale, via Campi 287, 41100, Modena, Italy
    C. Franceschi, D. Monti, A. Cossarizza & A. Tomasi
  2. Clinica Neurologica, Universitá di Modena, Italy
    P. Sola
  3. Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia generale, Universitá di Bologna, Italy
    M. Zannotti

Authors

  1. C. Franceschi
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  2. D. Monti
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  3. A. Cossarizza
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  4. A. Tomasi
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  5. P. Sola
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  6. M. Zannotti
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Paris, Paris, France
    Ingrid Emerit
  2. Dept. of Physiology Anatomy, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
    Lester Packer
  3. Institut Gustave-Roussy, 94800, Villejuif, France
    Christian Auclair
  4. Groupe de Recherche Radicaux Libres, Institut Biomédical des Cordeliers, 15, Rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
    Ingrid Emerit

Rights and permissions

© 1990 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Franceschi, C., Monti, D., Cossarizza, A., Tomasi, A., Sola, P., Zannotti, M. (1990). Oxidative Stress, Poly(ADP)Ribosylation and Aging: In Vitro Studies on Lymphocytes from Normal and Down’s Syndrome Subjects of Different Age and from Patients with Alzheimer’s Dementia. In: Emerit, I., Packer, L., Auclair, C. (eds) Antioxidants in Therapy and Preventive Medicine. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 264. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5730-8\_76

Download citation

Publish with us