Poliovirus RNA Replication (original) (raw)

• Agut H, Kean KM, Fichot O, Morasco J, Flanegan JB, Girard M (1989) A point mutation in the poliovirus polymerase gene determines a complementable temperature-sensitive defect of RNA replication. Virology 168: 302–311
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Alexander HE, Koch G, Mountain IM, Van Damme O (1958) Infectivity of ribonucleic acid from poliovirus in human cell monolayers. J Exp Med 108: 493–506
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ambros V, Baltimore D (1978) Protein is linked to the 5’ end of poliovirus RNA by phosphodiester linkage to tyrosine. J Biol Chem 253: 5263–5266
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Anderson-Sillman K, Bartal S, Tershak DR (1984) Guanidine-resistant poliovirus mutants produce modified 37-kilodalton proteins. J Virol 50: 922–928
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Andrews NC, Baltimore D (1986) Purification of a terminal uridylyl transferase that acts as host factor in the in vitro poliovirus replicase reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 221–225
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Andrews NC, Levin D, Baltimore D (1985) Poliovirus replicase stimulation by terminal uridylyl transferase. J Biol Chem 260: 7628–7635
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baltimore D (1964) In vitro synthesis of viral RNA by the poliovirus RNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 51: 450–456
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baltimore D (1966) Purification and properties of poliovirus double-stranded ribonucleic acid. J Mol Biol 18: 421–428
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baltimore D (1968) Inhibition of poliovirus replication by guanidine. In: Sanders M, Lennette EH (eds) Medical and applied virology.Green, St Louis, pp 340–347
  Google Scholar
• Baltimore D, Girard M (1966) An intermediate in the synthesis of poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 56: 741–748
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baltimore D, Franklin RM, Eggers HJ, Tamm I (1963) Poliovirus induced RNA polymerase and the effects of virus-specific inhibitors on its production. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 49: 843–849
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baltimore D, Girard M, Darnell JE (1966) Aspects of the synthesis of poliovirus RNA and the formation of virus particles. Virology 29: 179–189
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baron MH, Baltimore D (1982a) Antibodies against the chemically synthesized genome-linked protein of poliovirus react with native virus-specific proteins. Cell 28: 395–404
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baron MH, Baltimore D (1982b) Anti-VPg antibody inhibition of the poliovirus replication reaction and production of covalent complexes of VPg-related proteins and RNA. Cell 30: 745–752
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baron MH, Baltimore D (1982c) Purification and properties of a host cell protein required for poliovirus replication in vitro. J Biol Chem 257: 12351–12358
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Baron M H, Baltimore D (1982d) In vitro copying of viral positive strand RNA by poliovirus replicase. Characterization of the reaction and its products. J Biol Chem 257: 12359–12366
  Google Scholar
• Bellocq C, Agut H, Van Der Werf S, Girard M (1984) Biochemical characterization of poliovirus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutants. Virology 139: 403–407
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bernstein HD, Baltimore D (1988) Poliovirus mutant that contains a cold-sensitive defect in viral RNA synthesis. J Virol 62: 2922–2928
  CAS Google Scholar
• Bernstein HD, Sarnow P, Baltimore D (1986) Genetic complementation among poliovirus mutants derived from an infectious cDNA clone. J Virol 60: 1040–1049
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bienz K, Egger D, Rasser Y, Bossart W (1983) Intracellular distribution of poliovirus proteins and the induction of virus-specific cytoplasmic structures. Virology 131: 39–48
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bienz K, Egger D, Pasamontes L (1987) Association of polio viral proteins of the P2 genomic region with the viral replication complex and virus-induced membrane synthesis as visualized by electron microscopic immunochemistry and autoradiography. Virology 160: 220–226
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bishop JM, Koch G (1967) Purification and characterization of poliovirus induced infectious double-stranded RNA. J Biol Chem 242: 1736–1743
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bishop JM, Koch G (1969) Infectious replicative intermediate of poliovirus: purification and characterization. Virology 37: 521–534
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bishop JM, Koch G, Evans B, Merriman M (1969) Poliovirus replicative intermediate: structural basis of infectivity. J Mol Biol 46: 235–249
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bowles SA, Tershak DR (1978) Proteolysis of non-capsid protein 2 of type 3 poliovirus at the restrictive temperature: breakdown of non-capsid protein 2 correlates with loss of RNA synthesis. J Virol 27: 443–448
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Burns CC, Lawson MA, Semler BL, Ehrenfeld E (1989) Effects of mutations in poliovirus 3Dpol on RNA polymerase activity and on polyprotein cleavage. J Virol 63: 4866–4874
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA (1974) Analysis of RNA associated with the poliovirus RNA replication complexes. Virology 58: 526–535
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA, Compans RW (1973) The formation of poliovirus particles in association with the RNA replication complexes. J Gen Virol 21: 99–108
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA, Mosser AG (1971) Proteins associated with the poliovirus RNA replication complex. Virology 46: 375–386
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA, Tamm I (1969) Membranous structures associated with translation and transcription of poliovirus RNA. Science 166: 885–886
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA, Tamm I (1970a) The role of cytoplasmic membranes in poliovirus biosynthesis. Virology 42: 100–110
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA, Tamm I (1970b) Characterization of poliovirus-specific structures associated with cytoplasmic membranes. Virology 42: 112–122
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Caliguiri LA, Tamm I (1973) Guanidine and 2-(a-hydroxybenzyl) benzimidazole (HBB): selective inhibitors of picornavirus multiplication. In: Carter W (ed) Selective inhibitors of viral function. CRC, Cleveland, pp 257–294
  Google Scholar
• Cole CN, Smoler D, Wimmer E, Baltimore D (1971) Defective interfering particles of poliovirus I. Isolation and physical properties. J Virol 7: 478–485
  Google Scholar
• Cooper PD (1977) Genetics of picornaviruses. In: Fraenkel-Conrat H, Wagner RR (eds) Comprehensive virology, vol 9. Plenum, New York, pp 133–207
  Google Scholar
• Crawford NM, Baltimore D (1983) Genome-linked protein VPg of polio virus is present as free VPg and VPgpUpU in poliovirus-infected cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 7452–7455
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Crocker TT, Pfendt E, Spendlove R (1964) Poliovirus: growth in non-nucleate cytoplasm. Science 145: 401–403
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Darnell JE, Levintow L, Thoren MM, Hooper JL (1961) The time course of synthesis of poliovirus RNA. Virology 13: 271–279
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Darnell JE, Girard M, Baltimore D, Summers DF, Maizel JV (1967) The synthesis and translation of poliovirus RNA. In: Colter JS, Paranchych W (eds) The molecular biology of viruses. Academic, New York, pp 375–401
  Google Scholar
• Dasgupta A (1983a) Purification of host factor required for in vitro transcription of poliovirus RNA. Virology 127: 245–251
  Google Scholar
• Dasgupta A (1983b) Antibody to host factor precipitates poliovirus RNA polymerase from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells. Virology 128: 252–259
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Dasgupta A, Baron MH, Baltimore D (1979) Poliovirus replicase: a soluble enzyme able to initiate copying of poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76: 2679–2683
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Dasgupta A, Zabel P, Baltimore D (1980) Dependence of the activity of the poliovirus replicase on a host cell protein. Cell 19: 423–429
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Dewalt PG, Semler BL (1987) Site-directed mutagenesis of proteinase 3C results in a poliovirus deficient in synthesis of viral RNA polymerase. J Virol 61: 2162–2170
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Dildine SL, Semler BL (1989) The deletion of 41 proximal nucleotides reverts a poliovirus mutant containing a temperature-sensitive region in the 5’ noncoding region of genomic RNA. J Virol 63: 847–862
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ehrenfeld E, Richards OC (1989) Studies of poliovirus RNA polymerase expressed in E. coli: attempts to understand virus RNA replication. In: Semler BL, Ehrenfeld E (eds) Molecular aspects of Picornavirus infection and detection. Amer. Society of Microbiology, Washington DC, pp 95–105
  Google Scholar
• Ehrenfeld E, Maizel JV, Summers DF (1970) Soluble RNA polymerase complex from poliovirus-infected HeLa cells. Virology 40: 840–846
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Emini EA, Leibowitz J, Diamond DC, Bonin J, Wimmer E (1984) Recombinants of Mahoney and Sabin strain poliovirus type 1: analysis of in vitro phenotypic markers and evidence that resistance to guanidine maps in the non-structural proteins. Virology 137: 74–85
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Etchison D, Ehrenfeld E (1980) Viral polypeptides associated with the RNA replication complex in poliovirus-infected cells. Virology 107: 135–142
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Etchison D, Ehrenfeld E (1981) Comparison of replication complexes synthesizing poliovirus RNA. Virology 111: 33–46
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Munoz R, Darnell JE (1976) Structural difference between the 5’ termini of viral and cellular mRNA in the poliovirus-infected cells: possible basis for the inhibition of host protein synthesis. J Virol 18: 719–726
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Flanegan JB, Baltimore D (1977) Poliovirus-specific primer-dependent RNA polymerase able to copy poly(A). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 3677–3680
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Flanegan JB, Baltimore D (1979) Poliovirus polyuridylic acid polymerase and RNA replicase have the same viral polypeptide. J Virol 29: 352–360
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Flanegan JB, Van Dyke TA (1979) Isolation of a soluble and template-dependent poliovirus RNA polymerase that copies virion RNA in vitro. J Virol 32: 155–161
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Flanegan JB, Pettersson RF, Ambros V, Hewlett MJ, Baltimore D (1977) Covalent linkage of a protein to a defined nucleotide sequence at the 5’ terminus of virion and replicative intermediate RNAs of poliovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 961–965
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Franklin RM, Baltimore D (1962) Patterns of macromolecular synthesis in normal and virus-infected mammalian cells. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 27: 175–198
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Giachetti C, Semler BL (1989) In: 2nd International symposium on positive strand RNA viruses, Vienna.
  Google Scholar
• Girard M (1969) In vitro synthesis of poliovirus ribonucleic acid: role of the replicative intermediate. J Virol 3: 376–384
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Girard M, Baltimore D, Darnell JE (1967) The poliovirus replication complex: site for synthesis of poliovirus RNA. J Mol Biol 24: 59–74
  CAS Google Scholar
• Hagino-Yamagishi K, Nomoto A (1990) In vitro construction of poliovirus defective-interfering particles. J Virol 63: 5386–5392
  Google Scholar
• Hewlett MJ, Rose JK, Baltimore D (1976) 5’-Terminal structure of poliovirus polyribosomal RNA is pUp. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73: 327–330
  Google Scholar
• Hewlett MJ, Axelrod JH, Antinoro N, Feld R (1982) Isolation and preliminary characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of poliovirus type 1. J Virol 41: 1089–1094
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Hey TD, Richards OC, Ehrenfeld E (1986) Synthesis of plus- and minus-strand RNA from poliovirion RNA template in vitro. J Virol 58: 790–796
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Hey TD, Richards OC, Ehrenfeld E (1987) Host factor-induced template modification during synthesis of poliovirus RNA in vitro. J Virol 61: 802–811
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Holland JJ, McLaren LC, Syverton JT (1959) The mammalian cell-virus relationship. IV. Infection of naturally insusceptible cells with enterovirus ribonucleic acid. J Exp Med 110: 65–80
  Google Scholar
• Jore J, Gens BD, Jackson RD, Pouwels PH, Enger-Valk B (1988) Poliovirus protein 3CD is the active protease for processing of the precursor protein PI in vitro. J Gen Virol 69: 1627–1636
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kajigaya S, Arakawa H, Kuge S, Koi T, Imura N, Nomoto A (1985) Isolation and characterization of defective-interfering particles of poliovirus Sabin I strain. Virology 142: 307–316
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kamer G, Argos P(1984) Primary structural comparison of RNA-dependent polymerases from plant, animal and bacterial viruses. Nucleic Acids Res 12: 7269–7282
  Google Scholar
• Kaplan G, Racaniello VR (1988) Construction and characterization of poliovirus subgenomic replicons. J Virol 62: 1687–1696
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kaplan G, Lubinski J, Dasgupta A, Racaniello VR (1985) In vitro synthesis of infectious poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 8424–8428
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kean KM, Agut H, Fichot O, Wimmer E, Girard M (1988) A poliovirus mutant defective for self- cleavage at the COOH-terminus of the 3C protease exhibits secondary processing defects. Virology 163: 330–340
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kean KM, Agut H, Fichot O, Girard M (1989) Substitution in the poliovirus replicase genes determines actinomycin D sensitivity of viral replication at elevated temperature. Virus Res 12: 19–32
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kitamura N, Semler BL, Rothberg PG, Larsen GR, Adler CJ, Dorner AJ, Emini EA, Hanecak R, Lee J J, Van Der Werf S, Anderson CW, Wimmer E (1981) Primary structure, gene organization, polypeptide expression of poliovirus RNA. Nature 291: 547–553
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Korant BD (1975) Regulation of animal virus replication by protein cleavage. In: Reich E, Rifkin BD, Shaw E (eds) Proteases and biological control. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor pp 621–635
  Google Scholar
• Kuge S, Saito L, Nomoto A (1986) Primary structure of poliovirus defective interfering particle genomes and possible generation mechanism of the particles. J Mol Biol 192: 473–487
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kuhn RJ, Tada H, Ypma-Wong MF, Semler BL, Wimmer E (1988) Mutational analysis of the genome-linked protein VPg of poliovirus. J Virol 62: 4207–4215
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• La Monica N, Meriam C, Racaniello VR (1986) Mapping of sequences required for mouse neuro virulence of poliovirus type 2 Lansing. J Virol 57: 515–525
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Larsen GR, Dorner AJ, Harris TJR, Wimmer E (1980) The structure of poliovirus replicative form. Nucleic Acids Res 8: 1217–1229
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lee YF, Nomoto A, Detjen BM, Wimmer E (1977) The genome-linked protein of picornaviruses 1. A protein covalently linked to poliovirus genome RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 59–63
  Google Scholar
• Li J-P, Baltimore D (1988) Isolation of poliovirus 2C mutants defective in viral RNA synthesis. J Virol 62: 4016–4021
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lubinski JM, Kaplan G, Racaniello VR, Dasgupta A (1986) Mechanism of in vitro synthesis of covalently linked dimeric RNA molecules by the poliovirus replicase. J Virol 58: 459–467
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lubinski JM, Ransone LJ, Dasgupta A (1987) Primer-dependent synthesis of covalently linked dimeric RNA molecules by poliovirus replicase. J Virol 61: 2997–3003
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lundquist RE, Maizel JV (1978a) Structural studies of the RNA component of the poliovirus replication complex I. Purification and biochemical characterization. Virology 85: 434–444
  Google Scholar
• Lundquist RE, Maizel JV (1978b) In vivo regulation of the poliovirus RNA polymerase. Virology 89: 484–493
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lundquist RE, Ehrenfeld E, Maizel JV (1974) Isolation of a viral polypeptide associated with poliovirus RNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71: 4773–4777
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lundquist RE, Sullivan M, Maizel JV (1979) Characterization of a new isolate of poliovirus defective interfering particles. Cell 18: 759–769
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• McDonnell JP, Levintow L (1970) Kinetics of appearance of the products of polio virus-induced RNA polymerase. Virology 42: 999–1006
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Meyer J, Lundquist RE, Maizel JV (1978) Structural studies of the RNA component of the poliovirus replication complex. Virology 85: 445–455
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Montagnier L, Sanders FK (1963) Sedimentation properties of infective ribonucleic acid extracted from encephalomyocarditis virus. Nature 197: 664–669
  Google Scholar
• Morrow CD, Navab M, Peterson C, Hocko J, Dasgupta A (1984) Antibody to poliovirus genome- linked protein ( VPg) precipitates in vitro synthesized RNA attached to VPg-precursor polypeptide(s ). Virus Res 1: 89–100
  Google Scholar
• Morrow CD, Gibbons GF, Dasgupta A (1985) The host protein required for in vitro replication of poliovirus is a protein kinase that phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor-2. Cell 40: 913–921
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Morrow CD, Warren B, Lentz MR (1987) Expression of enzymatically active poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 6050–6054
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Mosser AG, Caliguiri LA, Scheid AS (1972) Chemical and enzymatic characteristics of cytoplasmic membranes of polio virus-infected HeLa cells. Virology 47: 30–38
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Noble J, Levintow L (1970) Dynamics of polio virus-specific RNA synthesis and the effects of inhibitors of virus replication. Virology 40: 634–642
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Nomoto A, Lee YF, Wimmer E (1976) The 5’-end of poliovirus mRNA is not capped with m7G(5’) ppp(5’)Np. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73: 375–380
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Nomoto A, Kitamura N, Golini F, Wimmer E (1977a) The 5’-terminal structures of poliovirion RNA and poliovirus mRNA differ only in the genome-linked protein VPg. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 5345–5349
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Nomoto A, Detjen B, Pozzatti R, Wimmer E (1977b) The location of the polio genome protein in viral RNAs and its implication for RNA synthesis. Nature 268: 208–213
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Nomoto A, Jacobsen A, Lee YF, Dunn J, Wimmer E (1979) Defective interfering particles of poliovirus:mapping of deletion and evidence that the deletion in genome of Dl (1), (2) and (3) are located in the same region. J Mol Biol 128: 179–196
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Nomoto A, Omata T, Toyoda H, Kuge S, Horie H, Kataoka Y, Genba Y, Nakano Y, Imura N (1982) Complete nucleotide sequence of the attenuated poliovirus Sabin 1 strain genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 5793–5797
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Oberste MS, Flanegan JB (1988) Measurement of poliovirus RNA polymerase binding to poliovirion and nonviral RNAs using a filter-binding assay. Nucleic Acids Res 16: 10339–10352
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Okada Y, Toda G, Oka H, Nomoto A, Yoshikura H (1987) Poliovirus infection of established human blood cell lines. Relationship between the differentiation stage and susceptibility or cell killing. Virology 156: 238–245
  Google Scholar
• Penman S, Becker Y, Darnell JE (1964) A cytoplasmic structure involved in the synthesis and assembly of poliovirus components. J Mol Biol 8: 541–555
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pettersson RF, Ambros V, Baltimore D (1978) Identification of a protein linked to nascent poliovirus RNA and to the polyuridylic acid of negative-strand RNA. J Virol 27: 357–365
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pincus SE, Diamond DC, Emini EA, Wimmer E (1986) Guanidine-selected mutants of poliovirus: mapping of point mutations of polypeptide 2C. J Virol 57: 638–646
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Plotch SJ, Palant O, Gluzman Y (1989) Purification and properties of poliovirus RNA polymerase expressed in Escherichia coli. J Virol 63: 216–225
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Racaniello VR, Baltimore D (1981) Molecular cloning of poliovirus cDNA and determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the viral genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78: 4887–4891
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Racaniello V, Meriam C (1986) Poliovirus temperature-sensitive mutant containing a single nucleotide deletion in the 5’ non-coding region of the viral RNA. Virology 155: 498–507
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ransone LJ, Dasgupta A (1989) Multiple isoelectric forms of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: evidence for phosphorylation. J Virol 63: 4563–4568
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Richards OC, Ehrenfeld E (1980) Heterogeneity of the 3’ end of minus strand RNA in poliovirus replicative form. J Virol 36: 387–394
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Richards OC, Ehrenfeld E, Manning J (1979) Strand-specific attachment of avidin spheres to double-stranded poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76: 676–680
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Richards OC, Martin SC, Jense HG, Ehrenfeld E (1984) Structure of poliovirus replicative intermediate RNA. Electron microscope analysis of RNA cross-linked in vivo with psoralen derivative. J Mol Biol 173: 325–340
  Google Scholar
• Richards OC, Hey TD, Ehrenfeld E (1987a) Poliovirus snapback double-stranded RNA isolated from infected HeLa cells is deficient in poly(A). J Virol 61: 2307–2310
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Richards OC, Ivanoff LA, Bienkowska-Szewczyk K, Butt B, Petteway SR, Rothstein MA, Ehrenfeld E (1987b) Formation of poliovirus RNA polymerase 3D in Escherichia coli by cleavage of fusion proteins expressed from cloned viral cDNA. Virology 161: 348–356
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Röder A, Koschel A (1975) Virus-specific proteins associated with the replication complex of poliovirus RNA. J Gen Virol 14: 846–852
  Google Scholar
• Roivainen M, Hovi T (1989) Replication of poliovirus in human mononuclear phagocyte cell lines is dependent on the stage of cell differentiation. J Med Virol 27: 91–94
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Rothberg PG, Harris TJR, Nomoto A, Wimmer E (1978) The genome-linked protein of picorna viruses. V.04-(5’-Uridylyl)-tyrosine is the bond between the genome-linked protein and the RNA of poliovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75: 4868–4872
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Rothstein MA, Richards OC, Amin C, Ehrenfeld E (1988) Enzymatic activity of poliovirus RNA polymerase synthesized in Escherichia coli from viral cDNA. Virology 164: 301–308
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Roy P, Bishop DHL (1970) Isolation and properties of poliovirus minus strand-ribonucleic acid. J Virol 6: 604–609
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Rueckert RR, Wimmer E (1984) Systematic nomenclature of Picornavirus proteins. J Virol 50: 957–959
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sarnow P (1989) Role of 3’-end sequences in infectivity of poliovirus transcripts made in vitro. J Virol 63: 467–470
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sarnow P, Bernstein HS, Baltimore D (1986) A poliovirus temperature-sensitive mutant located in a non-coding region of the genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 571–575
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Savage T, Granboulan N, Girard M (1971) Architecture of the poliovirus replicative intermediate RNA Biochimie 53: 533–543
  CAS Google Scholar
• Scharff MD, Thoren MM, McElvain NF, Levintow L (1963) Interruption of poliovirus RNA synthesis by p-fluorophenylalanine and puromycin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 10: 127–132
  CAS Google Scholar
• Semler BL, Anderson CW, Hanecak R, Dorner LF, Wimmer E (1982) A membrane-associated precursor to poliovirus VPg identified by immunoprecipitation with antibodies directed against a synthetic heptapeptide. Cell 28: 405–412
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Semler BL, Hanecak R, Dorner LF, Anderson CW, Wimmer E (1983) Poliovirus RNA synthesis in vitro: Structural elements and antibody inhibition. Virology 126: 624–633
  Google Scholar
• Semler BL, Johnson VH, Tracy S (1986) A chimeric plasmid from cDNA clones of poliovirus and coxsackievirus produces a recombinant virus that is temperature-sensitive. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 1777–1781
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Skern T, Sommergruber W, Blaas D, Pieler C, Kuechler E (1984) Relationship of human rhino virus strain 2 and poliovirus as indicated by comparison of the polymerase gene regions. Virology 136: 125–132
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Spector DH, Baltimore D (1974) Requirement of 3’-terminal poly(adenylic acid) for the infectivity of poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 2330–2334
  Google Scholar
• Spector DH, Baltimore D (1975a) Polyadenylic acid on poliovirus RNA. II. Poly(A) on intracellular RNAs. J Virol 15: 1418–1431
  Google Scholar
• Spector DH, Baltimore D (1975b) Polyadenylic acid on poliovirus RNA. IV. Poly(U) in replicative intermediate and double-stranded RNA. Virology 67: 498–505
  Google Scholar
• Stanway G, Cann AJ, Hauptmann R, Hughes P, Clarke LD, Mountford RC, Minor PD, Schild GC, Almond JW (1983) The nucleotide sequence of poliovirus type 3 leon 12 a, b: comparison with poliovirus type 1. Nucleic Acids Res 11: 5629–5643
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Takeda N, Kuhn RJ, Yang CF, Takegami T, Wimmer E (1986) Initiation of poliovirus plus-strand RNA synthesis in a membrane complex of infected HeLa cells. J Virol 60: 43–53
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Takeda N, Yang CF, Kuhn RJ, Wimmer E (1987) Uridylylation of the genome-linked protein of poliovirus in vitro is dependent upon an endogenous RNA template. Virus Res 8: 193–204
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Takegami T, Kuhn RJ, Anderson CW, Wimmer E (1983a) Membrane-dependent uridylylation of the genome-linked protein VPg of poliovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 7447–7451
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Takegami T, Semler BL, Anderson CW, Wimmer E (1983b) Membrane fractions active in poliovirus RNA replication contain VPg precursor polypeptides. Virology 128: 33–47
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tershak DR (1982) Inhibition of poliovirus polymerase by guanidine in vitro. J Virol 41: 313–318
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tershak DR (1984) Association of poliovirus proteins with the endoplasmic reticulum. J Virol 52: 777–783
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tobin GJ, Young DC, Flanegan JB (1989) Self-catalized linkage of poliovirus terminal protein VPg to poliovirus RNA. Cell 59: 511–519
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tolskaya EA, Romanova LA, Kolesnikova MS, Agol VI (1983) Intertypic recombination in poliovirus: genetic and biochemical studies. Virology 124: 121–132
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Toyoda H, Kohara M, Kataoka Y, Suganuma T, Omata T, Imura N, Nomoto A (1984) Complete nucleotide sequences of all three poliovirus serotype genomes. Implication for genetic relationship, gene function and antigenic determinants. J Mol Biol 174: 561–585
  Google Scholar
• Toyoda H, Yang C-F, Takeda N, Nomoto A, Wimmer E (1987) Analysis of RNA synthesis of type 1 poliovirus by using an in vitro molecular genetic approach. J Virol 61: 2816–2822
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Trono D, Andino R, Baltimore D (1988) An RNA sequence of hundreds of nucleotides at the 5’ end of poliovirus RNA is involved in allowing viral protein synthesis. J Virol 62: 2291–2299
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tuschall DM, Hiebert E, Flanegan JB (1982) Poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase synthesizes full-length copies of poliovirion RNA, cellular mRNA, and several plant virus RNAs in vitro. J Virol 44: 209–216
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Urzainqui A, Carrasco L (1989) Post-translational modifications of poliovirus proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 158: 263–271
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Van der Werf S, Bradley J, Wimmer E, Studier FW, Dunn J (1986) Synthesis of infectious poliovirus RNA by purified T7 RNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 2330–2334
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Van Dyke TA, Flanegan JB (1980) Identification of poliovirus polypeptide p63 as a soluble RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. J Virol 35: 732–740
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Van Dyke TA, Rickles RJ, Flanegan JB (1982) Genome-length copies of poliovirion RNA are synthesized in vitro by the poliovirus RNA dependent RNA polymerase. J Biol Chem 257: 4610–4617
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Ward CD, Stokes MAM, Flanegan JB (1988) Direct measurement of the poliovirus RNA polymerase error frequency in vitro. J Virol 62: 558–562
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Wimmer E (1982) Genome-linked proteins of viruses. Cell 28: 199–201
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Wu M, Davidson N, Wimmer E (1978) An electron microscope study of proteins attached to poliovirus RNA and its replicative form ( RF ). Nucleic Acids Res 5: 4711–4723
  Google Scholar
• Yogo Y, Wimmer E (1972) Polyadenylic acid at the 3’-terminus of poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 69: 1877–1882
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Yogo Y, Wimmer E (1973) Poly(A) and poly(U) in poliovirus double-stranded RNA. Nature New Biol 242: 171–174
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Yogo Y, Wimmer E (1975) Sequence studies of poliovirus RNA III. Polyuridylic acid and polyadenylic acid as components of the purified poliovirus replicative intermediate. J Mol Biol 92: 467–477
  Google Scholar
• Young DC, Tuschall DM, Flanegan JB (1985) Poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and host cell protein synthesize product RNA twice the size of poliovirus RNA in vitro. J Virol 54: 256–264
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Young DC, Dunn BM, Tobin GJ, Flanegan JB (1986). Anti-VPg antibody precipitation of product RNA synthesized in vitro by the poliovirus polymerase and host factor is mediated by VPg on the poliovirion RNA template. J Virol 58: 715–723
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Young DC, Tobin GJ, Flanegan JB (1987) Characterization of product RNAs synthesized in vitro by poliovirus RNA polymerase purified by chromatography on hydroxylapatite or poly(U) sepharose. J Virol 61: 611–614
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ypma-Wong MF, Dewalt PG, Johnson VH, Lamb JG, Semler BL (1988) Protein 3CD is the major poliovirus proteinase responsible for cleavage of the PI capsid precursor. Virology 166: 265–270
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Zimmerman EF, Heeter M, Darnell JE (1963) RNA synthesis in poliovirus-infected cells. Virology 19: 400–408
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar