An evolutionary model for the duplication and divergence of esterase genes in Drosophila (original) (raw)
Summary
The esterase 5 (Est-5 = gene, EST 5 = protein) enzyme in Drosophila pseudoobscura is encoded by one of three paralogous genes, Est-5A, Est5B, and Est-5C, that are tightly clustered on the right arm of the X chromosome. The homologous Est-6 locus in Drosophila melanogaster has only one paralogous neighbor, Est-P. Comparisons of coding and flanking DNA sequences among the three D. pseudoobscura and two D. melanogaster genes suggest that two paralogous genes were present before the divergence of D. pseudoobscura from D. melanogaster and that, later, a second duplication occurred in D. pseudoobscura. Nucleotide sequences of the coding regions of the three D. pseudoobscura genes showed 78–85% similarity in pairwise comparisons, whereas the relatedness between Est-6 and Est-P was only 67%. The higher degree of conservation in D. pseudoobscura likely results from the comparatively recent divergence of Est-5B and Est-5C and from possible gene conversion events between Est-5A and Est-5B. Analyses of silent and replacement site differences in the two exons of the paralogous and orthologous genes in each species indicate that common selective forces are acting on all five loci. Further evidence for common purifying selective constraints comes from the conservation of hydropathy profiles and proposed catalytic residues. However, different levels of amino acid substitution between the paralogous genes in D. melanogaster relative to those in D. pseudoobscura suggest that interspecific differences in selection also exist.
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- James P. Brady
Present address: Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 20892, Bethesda, MD, USA
Authors and Affiliations
- Department of Biology and Institute for Biomolecular Science, University of South Florida, 33620, Tampa, FL, USA
James P. Brady & Rollin C. Richmond
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- James P. Brady
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Brady, J.P., Richmond, R.C. An evolutionary model for the duplication and divergence of esterase genes in Drosophila.J Mol Evol 34, 506–521 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00160464
- Received: 26 November 1991
- Accepted: 23 December 1991
- Issue Date: June 1992
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00160464