The neuropathology of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induced in the Lewis rat by inoculation with whole spinal cord and treatment with cyclosporin A (original) (raw)

Summary

Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was induced in Lewis rats by inoculation with guinea-pig spinal cord and complete Freund's adjuvant followed by treatment with low-dose cyclosporin A. In most animals, tail and limb weakness developed in a relapsing remitting pattern but in some these signs were persistent or progressive from onset. Histological studies during the early stages of clinically active disease (< 25 days after inoculation) revealed inflammation and primary demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the spinal cord, and in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), specifically the ventral and dorsal roots and dorsal root ganglia. Animals studied in the later stages of clinically active disease (> 28 days after inoculation) had extensive spinal cord demyelination but minimal PNS demyelination. In these animals, large plaques of demyelination with gliosis and prominent plasma cells occurred particularly in the thoracic spinal cord, and lesions of different ages were present within the spinal cord. CNS and PNS remyelination by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, respectively, was present in all animals studied later than 18 days after inoculation (the time of the first remission, if it occurred). In both early and late clinically active disease electron microscopy revealed macrophages invading and destroying CNS myelin sheaths. Active demyelination was sometimes found in regions of CNS remyelination, suggesting that remyelinated fibres were being attacked. Axonal degeneration occurred in the spinal cord. During clinical remission there was CNS and PNS remyelination and much less inflammation; however, active demyelination still occurred to a limited degree.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Clinical Sciences Building, Royal Brisbane Hospital, 4029, Brisbane, Australia
    M. P. Pender, G. P. Stanley, G. Yoong & K. B. Nguyen

Authors

  1. M. P. Pender
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  2. G. P. Stanley
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  3. G. Yoong
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  4. K. B. Nguyen
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Additional information

Supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, University of Queensland Foundation and Clive and Vera Ramaciotti Foundations is gratefully acknowledged. During this work Glenn Stanley was a recipient of a Research Training Fellowship of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society of Australia

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Pender, M.P., Stanley, G.P., Yoong, G. et al. The neuropathology of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induced in the Lewis rat by inoculation with whole spinal cord and treatment with cyclosporin A.Acta Neuropathol 80, 172–183 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00308921

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