Enrichment of subgingival microflora on human serum leading to accumulation of Bacteroides species, Peptostreptococci and Fusobacteria (original) (raw)
Abstract
This study was undertaken to identify ecological factors that favour opportunistic pathogenic species in the subgingival microflora. In a first approach, human serum as a substitute for gingival exudate, was used for batch-wise enrichment of subgingival plaque. The microflora resulting after 5–6 enrichment steps consisted of black-pigmented and non-black-pigmented Bacteroides species, Peptostreptococcus micros and Fusobacterium nucleatum as the main organisms. It is noted that the same group of species was found to be enriched independent upon the origin of the subgingival plaque sample. It was suggested that these organisms are favoured by the increased flow of gingival exudate during inflammation.
The consortium of organisms was capable of selective degradation of serum (glyco-)proteins. Four different types of degradation occurred. After a prolonged period of growth complete degradation of immunoglobulins, haptoglobin, transferrin and complement C3c was observed. Partial degradation of immunoglobulins, haptoglobin, transferrin, albumin, alpha1-antitrypsin and complement C3c and C4 was generally observed after 48 h of growth. Besides, immunoglobulin protease activity yielding Fc and Fab fragments was found. The consortium was also capable of consuming carbohydrate side-chains as indicated by an altered electrophoretic mobility of the serum glycoproteins.
Access this article
Subscribe and save
- Get 10 units per month
- Download Article/Chapter or eBook
- 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
- Cancel anytime Subscribe now
Buy Now
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.
Instant access to the full article PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
- Beijerinck, M. W. (1901) Anhaufungsversuche mit Ureumbakterien. Centralblatt f. Bakteriologie. II. 7: 33–61
Google Scholar - Bickel, M. & G. Cimasoni (1986) Recent advances in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) research. In: T. Lehner & G. Cimasoni (Eds) The Borderland between Caries and Periodontal Research III. (pp. 61–79) Academic Press, London
Google Scholar - Brock, T. D., D. W. Smith & M. T. Madigan (1984) Biology of Microorganisms (pp. 641–642) Pretince-Hall Int., London
Google Scholar - Cheng, S.-L. & E. C. S. Chan (1983) The routine isolation growth and maintenance of the intermediate-size anaerobic oral spirochetes from periodontal pockets. J. Periodont. Res. 18: 362–368
Google Scholar - Frandsen, E. F. G., E. Theilade, B. Ellegaard & M. Kilian (1986) Proportions and identity of IgAl-degrading bacteria in periodontal pockets from patients with juvenile and rapidly progressive periodontitis. J. Periodont. Res. 21: 613–623
Google Scholar - Gibbons, R. J. & J. B. Macdonald (1960) Hemin and vitamin K as required factors for cultivation of certain strains of Bacteroides melaninogenicus. J. Bacteriol. 80: 164–170
Google Scholar - Harder, W. & L. Dijkhuizen (1982) Strategies of mixed substrate utilization in microorganisms. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London. B. 297: 459–480
Google Scholar - Hattingh, J. & E. Ho (1980) The concentration of proteins in human gingival crevicular fluid. J. Periodont. Res. 15: 90–95
Google Scholar - Holdeman, L. V., E. P. Cato & W. E. C. Moore (Eds) Anaerobe Laboratory Manual (1977) 4th edn. Viriginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
Google Scholar - De Jong, M. H., J. S. van der Hoeven & J. H. van Os (1986) Growth of supragingival dental plaque on saliva-agar. J. Dent. Res. 65: 85–88
Google Scholar - De Jong, M. H. & J. S. van der Hoeven (1987) The growth of oral bacteria on saliva. J. Dent. Res. 66: 498–505
Google Scholar - Loesche, W. J. & B. E. Laughon (1982) Role of Spirochetes in Periodontal Disease. In: R. J. Genco & S. E. Mergenhagen (Eds) Host Parasite Interactions in Periodontal Diseases (pp. 62–75) ASM, Washington D.C.
Google Scholar - Loesche, W. J. (1984) Possibilities for treating periodontal disease as specific anaerobic infections. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 50: 467–472
Google Scholar - Loesche, W. J., S. A. Syed, E. Schmidt & E. C. Morrison (1985) Bacterial profiles of subgingival plaques in periodontitis. J. Periodontol. 56: 447–456
Google Scholar - Kilian, M. (1981) Degradation of immunoglobulin A1, A2 and G by suspected principal periodontal pathogens. Infect. Immun. 34: 757–765
Google Scholar - Kornman, K. S. & W. J. Loesche (1980) the subgingival microbial flora during pregnancy. J. Periodont. Res. 15: 111–122
Google Scholar - Mikx, F. H. M., T. Tonies, R. Verhoeven & T. Pijnenburg (1982) Biochemical and physiological characteristics of Treponema denticola isolated from ANUG lesions. J. Dent. Res. 62: 455 (58)
Google Scholar - Mikx, F. H. M., M. I. Matee & J. C. Maltha (1986) The occurrence of oral spirochetes in relation to age and periodontal disease. In: T. Lehner & G. Cimasoni (ESD) The Borderland between Caries and Periodontal Research. III (pp. 169–177) Academic Press, London
Google Scholar - Moore, W. E. C., E. P. Cato & L. V. Holdeman (1981) Anaerobes associated with periodontal disease. In: Specia Symposium Paris, 1980 (pp. 121–128). Les Anaerobies. Microbiologie-Pathologie, Masson, Paris
Google Scholar - Moore, W. E. C., L. V. Holdeman, E. P. Cato, R. M. Smibert, J. A. Burmeister, K. G. Palcanis, & R. R. Ranney (1985) Comparative bacteriology of juvenile periodontitis. Infect. Immun. 48: 507–519
Google Scholar - Moore, W. E. C., L. V. Holdeman, E. P. Cato, R. M. Smibert, J. A. Burmeister & R. R. Ranney (1983) Bacteriology of moderate (chronic) periodontitis in mature adult humans. Infect. Immun. 42: 510–515
Google Scholar - Moore, W. E. C., L. V. Holdeman, R. M. Smibert, D. E. Hash, J. A. Burmeister & R. R. Ranney (1982) Bacteriology of severe periodontitis in young adult humans. Infect. Immun. 38: 1137–1148
Google Scholar - Nilsson, T., J. Carlsson & G. Sundqvist (1985) Inactivation of key factors of the plasma proteinase cascade systems by Bacteroides gingivalis. Infect. Immun. 50: 467–471
Google Scholar - Okuda, K., K. Ohta, T. Sasaki & I. Takazoe (1984) Morphological changes in the bacterium Bacteroides melaninogenicus subspecies melaninogenicus isolated from the human mouth and grown in culture without added blood components. Archs oral Biol. 29: 81–85
Google Scholar - Slots, J. (1982) Importance of black-pigmented Bacteroides in human periodontal disease In: R. J. Genco & S. E. Mergenhagen (Eds) Host-Parasite Interactions in Periodontal Diseases (pp. 27–45) American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
Google Scholar - Slots, J. & R. J. Genco (1984) Black-pigmented Bacteroides species, Capnocytophaga species, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in human periodontal disease: Virulence factors in colonization, survival and tissue destruction. J. Dent. Res. 63: 412–421
Google Scholar - Sundqvist, G., J. Carlsson, B. Hermann & A. Tärnvik (1985) Degradation of human immunoglobins G and M and complement factors C3 and C5 by black-pigmented Bacteroides. J. Med. Microbiol. 19: 85–94
Google Scholar - Tam, Y.-C. & E. C. S. Chan (1985) Purification and characterization of hyaluronidase from oral Peptostreptococcus species. Infect. Immun. 47: 508–513
Google Scholar - Tam, Y.-C., Harvey, R. F. & Chan, E. C. S. (1982) Chondroitin sulfatase-producing and hyaluronidase-producing oral bacteria associated with periodontal disease. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 48: 115–120
Google Scholar - Winkelhoff, A. J. van (1986) Black-Pigmented Bacteroides in Human Oral Infections. Ph D. Thesis, Free University Press, Amsterdam
Google Scholar
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
P. F. Ter Steeg, J. S. Van Der Hoeven & M. H. De Jong - Clinical Chemical Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
P. J. J. Van Munster & M. J. H. Jansen
Authors
- P. F. Ter Steeg
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar - J. S. Van Der Hoeven
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar - M. H. De Jong
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar - P. J. J. Van Munster
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar - M. J. H. Jansen
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ter Steeg, P.F., Van Der Hoeven, J.S., De Jong, M.H. et al. Enrichment of subgingival microflora on human serum leading to accumulation of Bacteroides species, Peptostreptococci and Fusobacteria.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 53, 261–271 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00393933
- Revised: 16 April 1987
- Accepted: 16 April 1987
- Issue Date: July 1987
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00393933