Gender differences in local and systemic reactions to inactivated influenza vaccine, established by a meta-analysis of fourteen independent studies (original) (raw)

References

  1. Merkatz RB, Temple R, Sobel S, Kessler DA, the Working Group on Women in Clinical Trials: Women in clinical trials of new drugs. A change in Food and Drug Administration policy. New England Journal of Medicine 1993, 329: 292–296.
    Google Scholar
  2. Centers for Disease Control: Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1991, 40: 1–15.
    Google Scholar
  3. Mostow SR, Eickhoff TC, Chelgren GA, Retailliau HF, Castle M: Studies of inactivated virus vaccines in hospital employees: reactogenicity and absenteeism. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1977, 136, Supplement: 533–538.
    Google Scholar
  4. Masurel N, Laufer J: A one-year study of trivalent influenza vaccines in primed and unprimed volunteers: immunogenicity, clinical reactions and protection. Journal of Hygiene 1984, 92: 263–276.
    Google Scholar
  5. Cate TR, Kasel JA, Couch RB, Six HR, Knight V: Clinical trials of bivalent A/New Jersey/76 — A/Victoria/75 vaccines in the elderly. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1977, 136, Supplement: 518–525.
    Google Scholar
  6. Cate TR, Couch RB, Parker D, Baxter B: Reactogenicity, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence in adults given inactivated influenza virus vaccines — 1978. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1983, 5: 737–747.
    Google Scholar
  7. Govaert TME, Dinant GJ, Aretz K, Masurel N, Sprenger MJW, Knottnerus JA: Adverse reactions to influenza vaccine in elderly people: randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. British Medical Journal 1993, 307: 988–990.
    Google Scholar
  8. Palache AM, Beyer WEP, Sprenger MJW, Masurel N, De Jonge S, Vardy A, Charpentier B, Noury J, Van Beek WCA, Borst RJA, Ligthart GJ, Keren G, Rubinstein E: Antibody response after influenza immunization with various vaccine doses: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre, dose-response study in elderly nursing-home residents and young adults. Vaccine 1993, 11: 3–9.
    Google Scholar
  9. Palache AM: Influenza subunit vaccine — ten years' experience. European Journal of Clinical Research 1992, 3: 117–138.
    Google Scholar
  10. Dowdle WR, Kendal AP, Noble GR: Influenza viruses. In: Lennette EH, Schmidt NJ (ed): Diagnostic procedures for viral, rickettsial and chlamydial infections. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 1979, p. 585–609.
    Google Scholar
  11. Masurel N, Ophof P, De Jong P: Antibody response to immunization with influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) virus in young individuals primed or unprimed for A/New Jersey/76 (H1N1) virus. Journal of Hygiene 1981, 87: 201–209.
    Google Scholar
  12. Beyer WEP, Masurel N: Antigenic heterogeneity among influenza A(H3N2) field isolates during an outbreak in 1982/83, estimated by methods of numerical taxonomy. Journal of Hygiene 1985, 94: 97–109.
    Google Scholar
  13. Breslow NE, Day NE: The analysis of case-control studies. Statistical methods in cancer research. Volume 1. International Agency of Research on Cancer, Lyon, 1980, p. 142.
    Google Scholar
  14. Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, Collins R, Sleight P: Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 1985, 27: 335–371.
    Google Scholar
  15. Nicholson KG, Tyrrell DAJ, Harrison P, Potter CW, Jennings R, Clark A, Schild GC, Wood JM, Yetts R, Seagroatt V, Huggins A, Anderson SG: Clinical studies of monovalent inactivated whole virus and subunit A/USSR/77 (H1N1) vaccine: serological responses and clinical reactions. Journal of Biological Standardization 1979, 7: 123–136.
    Google Scholar
  16. Jennings R, Potter CW, Massey PMO, Duerden BI, Martin J, Bevan AM: Responses of volunteers to inactivated influenza virus vaccines. Journal of Hygiene 1981, 86: 1–16.
    Google Scholar
  17. Jennings R, Smith TL, Mellersh AR, Clark A, Spencer RC, Potter CW: Antibody response and persistence in volunteers following immunization with varying dosages of a trivalent surface antigen influenza virus vaccine. Journal of Hygiene 1985, 94: 87–95.
    Google Scholar
  18. Goodeve A, Potter CW, Clark A, Jennings R, Schild GC, Yetts R: A graded-dose study of inactivated, surface antigen influenza B vaccine in volunteers: reactogenicity, antibody response and protection to challenge virus infection. Journal of Hygiene 1983, 90: 107–115.
    Google Scholar
  19. Beyer WEP, Teunissen MWE, Diepersloot RJA, Masurel N: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two doses of a trivalent influenza split vaccine. An open randomized study in healthy, unprotected, adult volunteers. Journal of Drug Therapy Research 1986, 11: 369–373.
    Google Scholar
  20. Bachmayer H, Liehl E, Schmidt G: Preparation and properties of a novel influenza subunit vaccine. Postgraduate Medical Journal 1976, 52: 360–367.
    Google Scholar
  21. Nathanson CA: Illness and the feminine role: a theoretical review. Social Science and Medicine 1975, 9: 57–62.
    Google Scholar
  22. Verbrugge LM: Females and illness: recent trends in sex differences in the United States. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 1976, 17: 387–403.
    Google Scholar
  23. Nathanson CA: Sex, illness, and medical care. A review of data, theory, and method. Social Science and Medicine 1977, 11: 13–25.
    Google Scholar
  24. Waldron I: Sex differences in illness incidence, prognosis and mortality; issues and evidence. Social Science and Medicine 1983, 17: 1107–1123.
    Google Scholar

Download references