Nitrite as a factor in the decline of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi in soil supplemented with urea or ammonium chloride (original) (raw)

Abstract

Addition of 1 g urea or NH4Cl per kg dry soil (0.1%) reduced the population of_Fusarium oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi in one of two soils tested. Ammonia does not seem to be the responsible factor since it accumulated similarly in both soils upon addition of NH4Cl or urea. Addition of Nitrapyrine in combination with 0.1% urea or NH4Cl increased ammonia concentrations in soil but decreased the population-declining effect. Addition of nitrate in amounts corresponding to those measured after decomposition of urea in soil had no effect on population development. Addition of nitrite in amounts corresponding to those measured during decomposition of urea in soil decreased the population of_F. oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi. In vitro, nitrite inhibited chlamydospore formation. Upon addition of 0.1% urea, nitrite accumulated 10 to 100 times more in the susceptible soil than in the not-susceptible soil. It is concluded that nitrite rather then ammonia is responsible for the decline effect of ammonia-generating compounds on populations of_F. oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi in soil.

Samenvatting

Toevoeging van 0.1% ureum of 0.1% NH4Cl verminderde de populatie van_F. oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi in een van de twee getoetste gronden. Ammoniak lijkt niet verantwoordelijk voor deze afname, aangezien ammoniak in beide gronden gelijkelijk ontwikkelde na toevoeging van ureum of NH4Cl. Toevoeging van Nitrapyrine tesamen met ureum of NH4Cl aan de ‘actieve’ grond verhoogde de concentratie ammoniak in de grond, maar verlaagde het remmend effect. Toevoeging van nitraat in hoeveelheden die overeenkoment met die welke gemeten worden na volledige omzetting van ureum had geen effect op de populatie van_F. oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi. Toevoeging van nitriet in hoeveelheden die overeenkomen met die welke gemeten worden na volledige afbraak van ureum verminderde de populatie wel. In vitro remde nitriet de chlamydosporevorming van_F. oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi. Toediening van 0.1% ureum aan de grond gaf een 10 tot 100 maal hogere nitrietaccumulatie in de ‘actieve’ gron dan in de ‘niet-actieve’ grond. Daarom wordt de conclusie getrokken, dat nitriet veeleer dan ammoniak verantwoordelijk is voor de vermindering van de populatie van_F. oxysporum_ f. sp.dianthi in grond waaraan ammoniak-genererende verbindingen zijn toegevoegd.

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Authors and Affiliations

1. Willie Commelin Scholten Phytopathological Laboratory, Javalaan 20, 3742 CP, Baarn, the Netherlands
   H. J. M. Löffler, E. B. Cohen, G. T. Oolbekkink & B. Schippers

Authors

1. H. J. M. Löffler
2. E. B. Cohen
3. G. T. Oolbekkink
4. B. Schippers

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Löffler, H.J.M., Cohen, E.B., Oolbekkink, G.T. et al. Nitrite as a factor in the decline of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi in soil supplemented with urea or ammonium chloride.Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 92, 153–162 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01999797

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• Accepted: 06 May 1986
• Issue date: July 1986
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01999797

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