N Agabiti C Ancona F Forastiere_et al._ (2001)ArticleTitleShort-term respiratory effects of acute exposure to chlorine due to a swimming pool accident_Occup Env Med_ 58 399–404Occurrence Handle10.1136/oem.58.6.399 Article Google Scholar
JE Amoore E Hautala (1983)ArticleTitleOdor as an aid to chemical safety: odor thresholds compared with threshold limit values and volatilities for 214 industrial chemicals in air and water dilution_J Appl Tox_ 3 272–290 Google Scholar
C Baader (1952)ArticleTitleChlorine anhydride poisoning (the Walsum Disaster)Med Deporte Trab17 5252,5254,5256,5258–59 Google Scholar
CS Barrow Y Alarie MF Warrick Jc. Stock (1977)ArticleTitleComparison of the sensory irritation response in mice to chlorine and hydrogen chloride_Arch Environ Health_ 32 68–76Occurrence Handle849012 PubMed Google Scholar
L Barret J Faure (1984)ArticleTitleChlorine Poisoning_Lancet_ 1 IssueID8376 561–2Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90952-8 Article Google Scholar
DV Bates RV Christie (1964) Respiratory function in disease—an introduction to the integrated study of the lung WB Saunders Co Philadelphia 398 Google Scholar
RS Berghoff (1919)ArticleTitleThe more common gases—their effect on the respiratory tract. Observation on two thousand cases_Arch Intern Med_ 24 678–84 Google Scholar
L Bherer R Cushman JP Courteau_et al._ (1994)ArticleTitleSurvey of construction workers repeatedly exposed to chlorine over a three to six month period in a pulpmill: II. Followup of affected workers by questionnaire, spirometry, and assessment of bronchial responsiveness 18 to 24 months after exposure ended_Occup Environ Med._ 51 225–8Occurrence Handle8199662 PubMed Google Scholar
Black JE, Glenny ET, McNee JW (1915) Observations on 685 cases of poisoning by noxious gases used by the enemy. Br. Med. J 165
J Borak WF Diller (2001)ArticleTitlePhosgene exposure: mechanisms of injury and treatment strategies_J Occup Environ Med._ 43 110–9Occurrence Handle11227628 PubMed Google Scholar
JR Bradford TR Elliott (1915)ArticleTitleCases of gas poisoning among the British troops in Flanders_Br J Surg_ 3 234 Google Scholar
SM Brooks MA Weiss IL Bernstein (1985)ArticleTitleReactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS)Persistent asthma syndrome after high level irritant exposures. Chest88 376–84 Google Scholar
E Capodaglio G Pezagno GC Bobbio F Cazzoli (1970)ArticleTitleInvestigation of the respiratory function of workers employed in electrolytic production of chlorine and soda_Med Lav_ 60 192–202 Google Scholar
NB Charan S Lakshminarayan GC Myers DD Smith (1985)ArticleTitleEffects of accidental chlorine inhalation on pulmonary function_West Med J_ 143 333–336 Google Scholar
H Chasis JA Zapp JH Bannon_et al._ (1947)ArticleTitleChlorine accident in Brooklyn_Occup Med_ 4 152–176 Google Scholar
EH Chester DG Gillespie FD Krause (1969)ArticleTitleThe prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in chlorine gas workers_Am Rev Resp Dis_ 99 365–371Occurrence Handle5765628 PubMed Google Scholar
A D’Alessandro W Kuschner H Wong HA Boushey PD Blanc (1996)ArticleTitleExaggerated responses to chlorine inhalation among persons with non-specific airways hyperreactivity_Chest_ 109 331–37Occurrence Handle8620701 PubMed Google Scholar
D Deschamps P Soler N Rosenberg F Baud P Gervais (1994)ArticleTitlePersistent asthma after inhalation of a mixture of sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid_Chest_ 105 1895–6Occurrence Handle8205904 PubMed Google Scholar
SC Donnelly MX FitzGerald (1990)ArticleTitleReactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS) due to chlorine gas exposure_Ir J Med Sci._ 159 275–6Occurrence Handle2094692 PubMed Google Scholar
JP Eiserich CE Cross AD Jones B Halliwell A VlietParticlevan der (1996)ArticleTitleFormation of nitrating and chlorinating species by reaction of nitrite with hypochlorous acid. A novel mechanism for nitric oxide-mediated protein modification_J Biol Chem._ 271 19199–208Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.271.32.19199Occurrence Handle8702599 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
DA Enarson A Johnson G Block_et al._ (1984)ArticleTitleRespiratory health at a pulpmill in British Columbia_Arch Environ Health_ 39 325–30Occurrence Handle6508352 PubMed Google Scholar
BG FerrisSuffixJr WA Burgess J Worcester (1967)ArticleTitlePrevalence of chronic respiratory disease in a pulp mill and a paper mill in the United States_Br J Ind Med_ 24 26–37Occurrence Handle6017136 PubMed Google Scholar
D Gautrin LeroyerC C Infante-Rivard_et al._ (1999)ArticleTitleLongitudinal assessment of airway caliber and responsiveness in workers exposed to chlorine_Am J Respir Grit Care Med._ 160 1232–7 Google Scholar
HI Gilchrist PB Matz (1933)ArticleTitleThe residual effects of warfare gases--the use of chlorine gas, with report of cases_Med Bull Vet Admin_ 9 229–70 Google Scholar
InstitutionalAuthorNameGunn JA (1920)ArticleTitleThe action of chlorine, etc., on the bronchi_J. Med._ 13 121 Google Scholar
FM Hasan A Gehshan FJ Fuleihan (1983)ArticleTitleResolution of pulmonary dysfunction following acute chlorine exposure_Arch Environ Health_ 38 76–80Occurrence Handle6847255 PubMed Google Scholar
PK Henneberger BG FerrisSuffixJr PR Sheehe (1993)ArticleTitleAccidental gassing incidents and the pulmonary function of pulp mill workers_Am Rev Respir Dis._ 148 63–7Occurrence Handle8317817 PubMed Google Scholar
InstitutionalAuthorNameHoveid P (1956)ArticleTitleThe chlorine gas accident in Mjondalen 26 January 1940. A post-investigation_Nord Hyg Tidskr_ 37 59–66 Google Scholar
S Humerfelt A Gulsvik R Skjaerven_et al._ (1993)ArticleTitleDecline in FEV1 and airflow limitation related to occupational exposures in men of an urban community_Eur Respir J._ 6 1095–1103Occurrence Handle8224123 PubMed Google Scholar
AT Jones (1952)ArticleTitleNoxious gases and fumes_Proc. Roc. Society Med._ 45 609–610 Google Scholar
RN Jones JM Hughes H Glindmeyer H Weill (1986)ArticleTitleLung function after acute chlorine exposure_ARRD_ 134 1190–1195 Google Scholar
RJT Joy (1997) Textbook of Military Medicine: Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare: Chapter 3 Historical Aspects of Medical Defense Against Chemical Warfare. Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army US Government Printing Office Washington, DC 87–109 Google Scholar
RE Joyner EG Durel (1962)ArticleTitleAccidental liquid chlorine spill in a rural community_J Occup Med_ 4 152–54Occurrence Handle14452652 PubMed Google Scholar
SN Kales GN Polyhronopoulos MJ Castro RH Goldman DC Christiani (1997)ArticleTitleMechanisms of and facility types involved in hazardous materials incidents_Environ Health Perspect_ 105 998–1001Occurrence Handle9300926 PubMed Google Scholar
J Kaufman D Burkons (1971)ArticleTitleClinical, roentgenologic, and physiologic effects of acute chlorine exposure_Arch Environ Health_ 23 29–34Occurrence Handle5581256 PubMed Google Scholar
SM Kennedy DA Enarson RG Janssen M Chan-Yeung (1991)ArticleTitleLung health consequences of reported accidental chlorine gas exposures among pulpmill workers_Am Rev Respir Dis._ 143 74–9Occurrence Handle1986687 PubMed Google Scholar
TA Kowitz RC Reba RT Parker WS SpicerSuffixJr (1967)ArticleTitleEffects of chlorine gas upon respiratory function_Arch Env Health_ 14 545–558 Google Scholar
J Laciak K Sipa (1958)ArticleTitleThe importance of testing the olfaction of workers in some branches of the chemical industry_Med Pr_ 9 85–90 Google Scholar
DA Lane BA Thomson (1981)ArticleTitleMonitoring a chlorine spill from a train derailment_J Air Pollut Control Assoc._ 31 122–127 Google Scholar
J Lawson (1981)ArticleTitleChlorine exposure: a challenge to the physician_Am Fam Phys_ 23 135–138 Google Scholar
D Leduc P Gris P Lheureux_et al._ (1992)ArticleTitleAcute and long-term respiratory damage following inhalation of ammonia_Thorax_ 47 755–7Occurrence Handle1440475 PubMed Google Scholar
C Leroyer JL Malo C Infante-Rivard JG Dufour D Gautrin (1998)ArticleTitleChanges in airway function and bronchial responsiveness after acute occupational exposure to chlorine leading to treatment in a first aid unit_Occup Envir Med_ 55 356–359 Google Scholar
G Leube H Kreiter (1971)ArticleTitleAcute chlorine gas-observations on 90 patients with acute intoxication_Med Klin_ 66 354–57Occurrence Handle5558440 PubMed Google Scholar
JL Malo A Cartier LP Boulet_et al._ (1994)ArticleTitleBronchial hyperresponsiveness can improve while spirometry plateaus two to three years after repeated exposure to chlorine causing respiratory symptoms_Am J Respir Grit Care Med_ 150 1142–5 Google Scholar
JG Martin HR Campbell H lijima_et al._ (2003)ArticleTitleChlorine-induced injury to the airways in mice_Am J Respir Grit Care Med._ 168 568–74Occurrence Handle10.1164/rccm.200201-021OC Article Google Scholar
CP McCord (1926)ArticleTitleIndustrial poisoning from low concentrations of chlorine gas_JAMA_ 86 1687–88 Google Scholar
InstitutionalAuthorNameMeakins JC: (1919)ArticleTitleafter-effects of chlorine gas poisoning_Can Med Assoc J_ 9 968–74 Google Scholar
BB Moore M Sherman (1991)ArticleTitleChronic reactive airway disease following acute chlorine gas exposure in an asymptomatic atopic patient_Chest_ 100 855–6Occurrence Handle1889286 PubMed Google Scholar
ND Moulick S Banavali AD Abhyankar_et al._ (1992)ArticleTitleAcute accidental exposure to chlorine fumes—a study of 82 cases_Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci_ 34 85–9Occurrence Handle1459667 PubMed Google Scholar
V Nodelman JS Ultman (1999)ArticleTitleLongitudinal distribution of chlorine absorption in human airways: a comparison of nasal and oral quiet breathing_J Appl Physiol._ 86 1984–93Occurrence Handle10368365 PubMed Google Scholar
V Nodelman JS Ultman (1999)ArticleTitleLongitudinal distribution of chlorine absorption in human airways: a comparison to ozone absorption_J Appl Physiol_ 87 2073–80Occurrence Handle10601152 PubMed Google Scholar
AC Olin G Ljungkvist B Bake S Hagberg L Henriksson K Toren (1999)ArticleTitleExhaled nitric oxide among pulpmill workers reporting gassing incidents involving ozone and chlorine dioxide_Eur Respir J_ 14 828–831Occurrence Handle10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14d18.xOccurrence Handle10573229 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
LR Patil RG Smith AJ Vorwald TF MooneySuffixJr (1970)ArticleTitleThe health of diaphragm cell workers exposed to chlorine_Am Ind Hyg Assoc J._ 31 678–86Occurrence Handle5494432 PubMed Google Scholar
R Phillip C Shepperd F Fawthrop B Poulsom (1985)ArticleTitleDomestic chlorine poisoning_Lancet_ 2 495Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90418-0 Article Google Scholar
Y Ploysongsang BC Beach RE DiLisio (1982)ArticleTitlePulmonary function changes after acute inhalation of chlorine gas_So. Med. J._ 75 23–26 Google Scholar
O Romcke OK Evensen (1940)ArticleTitleThe chlorine poisoning in Mjondalen_Nord Med_ 7 1224–26 Google Scholar
HH Rotman MJ Fliegelman T Moore_et al._ (1983)ArticleTitleEffects of low concentrations of chlorine on pulmonary function in humans_J Appl Physiol_ 54 1120–1124Occurrence Handle10.1063/1.332129Occurrence Handle6853288 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
TE Sandall (1922)ArticleTitleThe later effects of gas poisoning_Lancet_ 2 857–858Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(00)62585-0 Article Google Scholar
RP Schins H Emmen L Hoogendijk PJ Borm (2000)ArticleTitleNasal inflammatory and respiratory parameters in human volunteers during and after repeated exposure to chlorine_Eur Respir J._ 16 626–32Occurrence Handle10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.16d10.xOccurrence Handle11106203 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
B Schonhofer T Voshaar D Kohler (1996)ArticleTitleLong-term lung sequelae following accidental chlorine gas exposure_Respiration_ 63 155–9Occurrence Handle8739485 PubMed Google Scholar
DA Schwartz DD Smith S Lakshminarayan (1990)ArticleTitleThe pulmonary sequelae associated with accidental inhalation of chlorine gas_Chest_ 97 820–5Occurrence Handle2323253 PubMed Google Scholar
T Sessa L Peccora G Vecchione R Mole (1970)ArticleTitleCardiorespiratory function in bronchopneumopathies caused by irritant gases_Poumon Coeur_ 26 1097–1107Occurrence Handle5518900 PubMed Google Scholar
K Toren P Blanc (1997)ArticleTitleThe history of pulp and paper bleaching: respiratory health effects_Lancet_ 348 1316–1318Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0140-6736(96)10141-0 Article Google Scholar
H Weill (1969)ArticleTitleLate evaluation of pulmonary function after acute exposure to chlorine gas_Am Rev Resp Dis_ 99 374–379Occurrence Handle5765629 PubMed Google Scholar
InstitutionalAuthorNameWinder C (2001)ArticleTitleThe toxicology of chlorine_Environ Res Sect A._ 85 105–114 Google Scholar
DC Wolf KT Morgan EA Gross_et al._ (1995)ArticleTitleTwo-year inhalation exposure of female and male B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats to chlorine gas induces lesions confined to the nose_Fundam Appl Toxicol_ 24 111–131Occurrence Handle10.1006/faat.1995.1013Occurrence Handle7713334 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar