Malignant pheochromocytoma: new malignancy criteria (original) (raw)
Zarnegar R, Kekebew E, Duh QY, Clark OH (2006) Malignant pheochromocytoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 15:555–571 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Bravo EL, Gifford RW Jr (1984) Pheochromocytoma: diagnosis, localization and management. New Engl J Med 311:1298–1303 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Thompson LD, Young WF, Kawashima A, Komminoth P, Tischler AS (2004) Malignant adrenal phaeochromocytoma. In: DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz PU, Eng C (eds) WHO classification of tumours: pathology and genetics—tumours of endocrine organs. IARC, Lyon, pp 147–150 Google Scholar
Lack EE (1997) Tumours of the adrenal gland and extra-adrenal paraganglia. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington Google Scholar
Medeiros LJ, Wolf BC, Balogh K, Federman M (1985) Adrenal pheochromocytoma: a clinicopathologic review of 60 cases. Hum Pathol 16:580–589 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Ilias I, Pacak K (2008) A clinical overview of pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas and carcinoid tumors. Nucl Med Biol 35:27–34 Article Google Scholar
Fassnacht M, Kreissl MC, Weismann D, Allolio B (2009) New targets and therapeutic approaches for endocrine malignancies. Pharmacol Ther 123:117–141 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Linnoila RI, Keiser HR, Steinberg SM, Lack EE (1990) Histopathology of benign versus malignant sympathoadrenal paragangliomas: clinicopathologic study of 120 cases including unusual histologic features. Hum Pathol 21:1168–1180 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Thompson LD (2002) Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score (PASS) to separate benign from malignant neoplasms: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 100 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 26:551–566 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Edström Elder E, Xu D, Höög A, Enberg U, Hou M, Pisa P et al (2003) KI-67 and hTERT expression can aid in the distinction between malignant and benign pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Mod Pathol 16:246–255 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Strong VE, Kennedy T, Al-Ahmadie H, Tang L, Coleman J, Fong Y et al (2008) Prognostic indicators of malignancy in adrenal pheochromocytomas: clinical, histopathologic, and cell cycle/apoptosis gene expression analysis. Surgery 143:759–768 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Unger P, Hoffman K, Pertsemlidis D, Thung S, Wolfe D, Kaneko M (1991) S100 protein-positive sustentacular cells in malignant and locally aggressive adrenal pheochromocytomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med 115:484–487 PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Achilles E, Padberg BC, Holl K, Kloppel G, Schroder S (1991) Immunocytochemistry of paragangliomas—value of staining for S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acid protein in diagnosis and prognosis. Histopathology 18:453–458 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Van der Harst E, Bruining HA, Jaap Bonjer H, van der Ham F, Dinjens WN, Lamberts SW et al (2000) Proliferative index in phaeochromocytomas: does it predict the occurrence of metastases? J Pathol 191:175–180 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Tavangar SM, Shojaee A, Moradi Tabriz H, Haghpanah V, Larijani B, Heshmat R et al (2010) Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, c-erbB-2, and c-kit antigens in benign and malignant pheochromocytoma. Pathol Res Pract 206:305–309 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kimura N, Watanabe T, Noshiro T, Shizawa S, Miura Y (2005) Histological grading of adrenal and extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas and relationship to prognosis: a clinicopathological analysis of 116 adrenal pheochromocytomas and 30 extra-adrenal sympathetic paragangliomas including 38 malignant tumors. Endocr Pathol 16:23–32 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Grossman A, Pacak K, Sawka A, Lenders JW, Harlander D, Peaston RT et al (2006) Biochemical diagnosis and localization of phaeochromocytoma. Can we reach a consensus? Ann New York Acad Sci 1073:332–347 ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Clarke MR, Weyant RJ, Watson CG, Carty SE (1998) Prognostic markers in pheochromocytoma. Hum Pathol 29:522–526 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G et al (2002) Germline mutation in non syndromic pheochromocytoma. New Engl J Med 346:1459–1466 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
John H, Ziegler WH, Hauri D, Jaeger P (1999) Phaeochromocylomas: can malignant potential be predicted? Urology 53:679–683 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Lehnert H, Mundschenk J, Hahn K (2004) Malignant pheochromocytoma. Front Hormon Res 31:155–162 Article Google Scholar
Ross EJ, Griffith DNW (1989) The clinical presentation of pheochromocytoma. Q J Med 71:485–496 PubMedCAS Google Scholar
Kaltas GA, Besser GM, Grossman AB (2004) The diagnosis and medical management of advanced neuroendocrine tumors. Endocr Rev 25:458–511 Article Google Scholar
Anouar Y, Yon L, Guillemot J, Thouennon E, Barbier L, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Bertherat J et al (2006) Development of novel tools for the diagnosis and prognosis of phaeochromocltoma using peptide marker immunoassay and gene expression profiling approaches. Ann New York Acad Sci 1073:533–540 Article Google Scholar
Wu D, Tischler AS, Lloyd RV, DeLellis RA, de Krijger R, van Nederveen F et al (2009) Observer variation in the application of the Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score. Am J Surg Pathol 33:599–608 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar
Eisenhofer G, Bornstein SR, Brouwers FM, Cheung NK, Dahia PL, de Krijger RR et al (2004) Malignant pheochromocytoma: currents status and initiatives for future progress. Endocr Relat Canc 11:423–436 ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Pacak K, Eisenhofer G, Ahlman H, Bornstein SR, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Grossman AB et al (2007) Pheochromocytoma: recommendations for clinical practice from first international symposium. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metabol 3:92–102 Article Google Scholar
Khorram-Manesh A, Ahlman H, Nilsson O, Friberg P, Odén A, Stenström G et al (2005) Long-term outcome of a large series of patients surgically treated for pheochromocytoma. J Int Med 258:55–66 ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Glodny B, Winde G, Herwig R, Meier A, Kuhle C, Cromme S et al (2001) Clinical differences between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. Endocr J 48:151–159 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Brown HM, Komorowski RA, Wilson SD, Demeure MJ, Zhu YR (1999) Predicting metastasis of pheochromocytomas using DNA flow cytometry and immunohistochemical markers of cell proliferation: a positive correlation between MIB-1 staining and malignant tumor behavior. Cancer 86:1583–1589 ArticlePubMedCAS Google Scholar
Bryan J, Farmer J, Kessler LJ, Towensend RR, Nathanson KL (2003) Pheochromocytoma: the expanding genetic differential diagnosis. J Nat Can Institut 95:1196–1204 Article Google Scholar
Lenders JW, Eisenhofer G, Mannelli M, Pacak K (2005) Pheochromocytoma. Lancet 366:665–675 ArticlePubMed Google Scholar