Sequence structure and intragenomic variability of ribosomal ITS2 in monozoic tapeworms of the genus Khawia (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fish (original) (raw)

Abstract

The sequence structure of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) was determined for six species of Khawia (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fish in the Holarctic Region. Homologous intragenomic ITS2 structure was found in Khawia armeniaca, Khawia baltica, and Khawia rossittensis; whereas divergent intragenomic ITS2 copies were detected in Chinese, Japanese, and Slovak isolates of Khawia sinensis and in Khawia japonensis, both parasitic in common carp, and in Khawia saurogobii, recently described from Chinese lizard gudgeon in China. Despite distinct morphological differences between K. saurogobii and K. sinensis, both species display very high level of molecular homogeneity. Variation in number of short repetitive motifs [(GCCT) n (GCCC) n ], [(GTG) n ], [(ATAC) n ], [ACGTGT (TCGTGT) n ], [(GT) n ], [(GT) n ], and [(ACCT) n (GCCT) n ] resulted in assortment of ITS2 sequences in four ITS2 variants in K. saurogobii from China, three in Chinese and Japanese isolates of K. sinensis, and five ITS2 variants in K. sinensis from Slovakia. In K. japonensis, the structure and arrangement of microsatellites was different from those of K. sinensis and K. saurogobii. The heterogeneity in the number of two microsatellite regions [(TG) n ; (TTG) n ] divided ITS2 clones into two variants—first ITS2 variant (472 bp) with (TG)5 and (TTG)6, and second variant with (TG)7 and (TTG)2 (465 bp). Sequence identity of K. saurogobii with all but one (K. sinensis) congeneric species ranged between 49.5 and 69.2 %, which corresponds to the interspecific differences. In contrast, sequence identity of K. saurogobii and K. sinensis (87.6–95.0 %) failed into the range of intraspecific variation determined for K. sinensis samples. This close genetic similarity indicates that recently described K. saurogobii may have undergone morphological divergence as a result of ongoing sympatric speciation by host switching.

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Acknowledgments

M.O. greatly appreciates the help of Xi Bing Wen from the Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Wuxi, during his stay in China in 2009 and 2010. This study was financially supported by the Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic (projects VEGA 2/0014/10 and 2/0129/12), by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract APVV-0653-11, project LPP-0171-09, by the Institute of Parasitology (Z60220518), Czech Science Foundation (projects nos. 524/08/0885, P505/12/G112, and 206/09/H026), and by the National Science Foundation, USA (PBI award Nos. 0818696 and 0818823).The study was realized as part of the project “Centre of Excellence for Parasitology” (Code ITMS: 26220120022), based on support of the Operational Programme “Research & Development” funded from the European Regional Development Fund (rate 0.1).

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Authors and Affiliations

1. Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
   Ivica Králová-Hromadová, Eva Bazsalovicsová & Mikuláš Oros
2. Biology Centre ASCR, Institute of Parasitology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
   Tomáš Scholz

Authors

1. Ivica Králová-Hromadová
2. Eva Bazsalovicsová
3. Mikuláš Oros
4. Tomáš Scholz

Corresponding author

Correspondence toIvica Králová-Hromadová.

Additional information

Nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBankTM, EMBL and DDBJ databases under the accession numbers JQ647831–JQ647872.

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Králová-Hromadová, I., Bazsalovicsová, E., Oros, M. et al. Sequence structure and intragenomic variability of ribosomal ITS2 in monozoic tapeworms of the genus Khawia (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), parasites of cyprinid fish.Parasitol Res 111, 1621–1627 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3001-z

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• Received: 15 March 2012
• Accepted: 08 June 2012
• Published: 20 July 2012
• Issue date: October 2012
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3001-z

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