Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to the tobacco spider mite Tetranychus evansi (original) (raw)

Abstract

Seventeen isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin and two isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin were evaluated for their pathogenicity against the tobacco spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard. In the laboratory all the fungal isolates were pathogenic to the adult female mites, causing mortality between 22.1 and 82.6%. Isolates causing more than 70% mortality were subjected to dose–response mortality bioassays. The lethal concentration causing 50% mortality (LC50) values ranged between 0.7×107 and 2.5×107 conidia ml−1. The lethal time to 50% mortality (LT50) values of the most active isolates of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae strains varied between 4.6 and 5.8 days. Potted tomato plants were artificially infested with T. evansi and treated with B. bassiana isolate GPK and M. anisopliae isolate ICIPE78. Both fungal isolates reduced the population density of mites as compared to untreated controls. However, conidia formulated in oil outperformed the ones formulated in water. This study demonstrates the prospects of pathogenic fungi for the management of T. evansi.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W.S. Abbott (1925)ArticleTitleA method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide_J. Econ. Entomol._ 18 265–267
    Google Scholar
  2. S.B. Alves L.S. Rossi R.B. Lopes M.A. Tamai R.M. Pereira (2002)ArticleTitle Beauveria bassiana yeast on agar medium and its pathogenicity against Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)J. Invertebr. Pathol. 81 70–77Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0022-2011(02)00147-7Occurrence Handle12445790
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  3. Y.A. Batta (2003)ArticleTitleProduction and testing of novel formulations of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes)Crop Protect. 22 415–422Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0261-2194(02)00200-4
    Article Google Scholar
  4. A. Burgerjon (1956)ArticleTitlePulvérisation et poudrage au laboratoire par des préparations pathogènes insecticides_Ann. Epiphyt._ 7 675–684
    Google Scholar
  5. D. Chandler G. Davidson J.K. Pell B.V. Ball K. Haw K.D. Sunderland (2000)ArticleTitleFungal biocontrol of Acari_Biocontrol Sci. Technol._ 10 357–384Occurrence Handle10.1080/09583150029387
    Article Google Scholar
  6. S.D. Costa R.R. Gaugler (1989)ArticleTitleSensitivity of Beauveria bassiana to solanine and tomatine: plant defensive chemicals inhibit an insect pathogen_J. Chem. Ecol._ 15 697–707Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01014712
    Article Google Scholar
  7. R.S. Cowles E.A. Cowles A.M. McDermott D. Ramoutar (2000)ArticleTitle‘Inertȁ9 formulation ingredients with activity: toxicity of trisiloxane surfactant solutions to two spotted spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae)J. Econ. Entomol. 93 180–188Occurrence Handle10826161
    PubMed Google Scholar
  8. S. Ekesi N.K. Maniania I. Onu B. Löhr (1998)ArticleTitlePathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi (Hyphomycetes) to the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)J. Appl. Entomol. 122 629–634
    Google Scholar
  9. M.G. Feng J.B. Johnson (1990)ArticleTitleRelative susceptibility of six strains of Beauveria bassiana on Diuraphis noxia Mordwilko (Homoptera: Aphididae)Environ. Entomol. 19 785–790
    Google Scholar
  10. P. Ferron B. Hurpin P.H. Robert (1972)ArticleTitleSur la spécifité de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.)Sor. Entomophaga 17 165–178
    Google Scholar
  11. R.A. Humber G.J. de Moraes J.M. dos Santos (1981)ArticleTitleNatural infection of Tetranychus evansi (Acarina: Tetranychidae) by a Triplosporium sp. (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) in Northeastern Brazil_Entomophaga_ 26 421–425
    Google Scholar
  12. G.P. Kaaya S. Hassan (2000)ArticleTitleEntomogenous fungi as promising biopesticides for tick control_Exp. Appl. Acarol._ 24 913–926Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1010722914299Occurrence Handle11354619
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  13. M. Knapp B. Wagener M. Navajas (2003)ArticleTitleMolecular discrimination between the spider mite Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchardan important pest of tomatoes in southern Africaand the closely related species T. urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae)Afr. Entomol. 11 300–304
    Google Scholar
  14. N.K. Maniania J. Fargues (1984)ArticleTitleSpécificité des hyphomycètes entomopathogènes pour les larves de lépidoptères Noctuidae_Entomophaga_ 12 451–464
    Google Scholar
  15. E.N. Mwangi G.P. Kaaya S. Essuman (1995)ArticleTitleExperimental infections of the tick Ripicephalus appendiculatus with pathogenic fungi_Beauveria bassiana_ Metarhizium anisopliae_and natural infections of some ticks with bacteria and fungi_J. Afr. Zool. 109 151–160
    Google Scholar
  16. J.E. Pena L.S. Osborne R.E. Duncan (1996)ArticleTitlePotential of fungi as biocontrol agents of Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Acari: Tarsonemidae)Entomophaga 41 27–36
    Google Scholar
  17. T.J. Poprawski M. Marchal P.H. Robert (1985)ArticleTitleComparative susceptibility of Otiorhynchus sulcatus and Sitona lineatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) early stages to five entomopathogenic hyphomycetes_Environ. Entomol._ 14 247–253
    Google Scholar
  18. C. Prior P. Jollands G. le Patourel (1988)ArticleTitleInfectivity of oil and water formulations of Beauveria bassiana Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) to the cocoa weevil pest Pantorhytes plutus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)J. Invertebr. Pathol. 52 66–72Occurrence Handle10.1016/0022-2011(88)90103-6
    Article Google Scholar
  19. A.H. Qureshi E.R. Oatman C.A. Fleschner (1969)ArticleTitleBiology of the spider mite_Tetranychus evansi_ Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 62 898–903
    Google Scholar
  20. F.S. Ramalho C.H.W. Flechtmann (1979)ArticleTitleNiveis de infestacao de Tetranychus (T.) evansi em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento do tomateiro_Rev. Agricult._ 54 51–56
    Google Scholar
  21. InstitutionalAuthorNameSAS Institute (1990) SAS/STAT User’s Guide. Version 6, 4th ed. Vol. 2 SAS Institute Cary, NC
    Google Scholar
  22. I.G.M. Saunyama M. Knapp (2003)ArticleTitleThe effects of pruning and trellising of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) on red spider mite (Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard) incidence and crop yield in Zimbabwe_Afr. Crop Sci. J._ 11 269–277
    Google Scholar
  23. K.E. Shaw G. Davidson S.J. Clark B.V. Ball J.K. Pell D. Chandler K.D. Sunderland (2002)ArticleTitleLaboratory bioassays to assess the pathogenicity of mitosporic fungi to Varroa destructor (Acari: Mesostigmata), an ectoparasite mite of the honeybee_Apis mellifera_ Biol. Control 24 266–276Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1049-9644(02)00029-4
    Article Google Scholar
  24. R.S. Soper M.G. Ward (1981) Production, formulation and application of fungi for insect control G.C. Papavizas (Eds) Biological Crop Production AllanheldOsmumMontclair New Jersey 161–180
    Google Scholar
  25. C. Tipping V. Bikoba G.J. Chandler E.J. Mitcham (2003)ArticleTitleEfficacy of Silwet L-77 against several arthropod pests of table grape_J. Econ. Entomol._ 96 246–250Occurrence Handle12650369
    PubMed Google Scholar
  26. K.H. Veen (1968)ArticleTitleRecherche sur les maladies due à Metarhizium anisopliae chez le criquet pèlerin_Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen, Nederland_ 68 1–117
    Google Scholar

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi, Kenya
    Vitalis W. Wekesa & Hamadi I. Boga
  2. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772-00100, GPO Nairobi, Kenya
    Vitalis W. Wekesa, Nguya K. Maniania & Markus Knapp

Authors

  1. Vitalis W. Wekesa
  2. Nguya K. Maniania
  3. Markus Knapp
  4. Hamadi I. Boga

Corresponding author

Correspondence toNguya K. Maniania.

Rights and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wekesa, V., Maniania, N., Knapp, M. et al. Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to the tobacco spider mite Tetranychus evansi .Exp Appl Acarol 36, 41–50 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-005-0508-3

Download citation

Keywords