Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections With an Emphasis on Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Uropathogens (original) (raw)

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance

1. • Pallett A, Hand K. Complicated urinary tract infections: practical solutions for the treatment of multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65 suppl 3:iii25–33. This is one of the few reviews of the subject of treatment of complicated UTIs caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.
   Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
2. Nicolle L. Complicated urinary tract infection in adults. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2005;16:349–60.
   PubMed CAS Google Scholar
3. Lichtenberger P, Hooton TM. Complicated urinary tract infections. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2008;10:499–504.
   Article PubMed Google Scholar
4. Bradford PA. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001;14:933–51.
   Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
5. • Peirano G, Pitout JD. Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli producing CTX-M beta-lactamases: the worldwide emergence of clone ST131 O25:H4. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010;35:316–21. This article describes the worldwide dissemination of an ESBL-producing E. coli.
   Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
6. Rodríguez-Baño J, Navarro MD. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in ambulatory care: a clinical perspective. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008;14 Suppl 1:104–10.
   Article PubMed Google Scholar
7. • Johnson JR, Johnston B, Connie C, et al. Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 as the major cause of serious multidrug-resistant E. coli infections in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:286–94. This describes the dissemination of an ESBL-producing E. coli in the U.S.
   Article PubMed Google Scholar
8. Paterson DL. Recommendations for treatment of severe infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae producing extended- spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2000;6:460–3.
   Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
9. Ahmad M, Urban C, Mariano N, et al. Clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology associated with imipenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29:352–5.
   Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
10. Go ES, Urban C, Burns J, et al. Clinical and molecular epidemiology of Acinetobacter infections sensitive only to polymixin B and sulbactam. Lancet. 1994;344:1329–32.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
11. Gavin PJ, Suseno MT, Thomson Jr RB, et al. Clinical correlation of the CLSI susceptibility breakpoint for piperacillin-tazobactam against extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:2244–7.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
12. • Falagas ME, Kastoris AC, Kapaskelis AM, et al. Fosfomcyin for the treatment of multidrug resistant, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing, Enterobacteriaceae infections: a systematic review. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10:43–50. This paper is a review of the use of fosfomycin for treatment of urinary tract infection caused by multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae .UTIs.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
13. Martínez-Martínez L, Pascual A, Hernández-Allés S, et al. Roles of beta-lactamases and porins in activities of carbapenems and cephalosporins against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;43:1669–73.
    PubMed Google Scholar
14. Queenan AM, Bush K. Carbapenemases: the versatile beta-lactamases. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007;20:440–58.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
15. CDC. Guidance for control of infections with carbapenem-resistant or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in acute care facilities. MMWR. 2009;58:256–60.
    Google Scholar
16. Kumarasamy KK, Tolman MA, Walsh TR, et al. Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10:597–602.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
17. Walsh TR, Weeks J, Livermore DM, et al. Dissemination of NDM-1 positive bacteria in the New Delhi environment and its implications for human health: an environmental point prevalence study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011;11:355–62.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
18. Arpin C, Noury P, Boraud D, et al. NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to colistin in a French community patient without history of foreign travel. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56:3432–4.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
19. • CDC. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae containing New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase in two patients — Rhode Island, March 2012. MMWR. 2012;61:446–8. This is a report of urinary tract infection caused by carbapenemase-resistant bacteria in the U.S.
    Google Scholar
20. • Gupta K, Hooton TM, Naber KG, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: a 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:e103–20. These are the guidelines on treatment of uncomplicated UTIs in women from the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Patients with complicated UTIs may not be recognized initially to have a complication and, therefore, will be started on treatment for uncomplicated infection.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
21. Falagas ME, Kotsantis IK, Vouloumanou EK, et al. Antibiotics versus placebo in the treatment of women with uncomplicated cystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Infect. 2009;58:91–102.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
22. • Bleidorn J, Gágyor I, Kochen MM, et al. Symptomatic treatment (ibuprofen) or antibiotics (ciprofloxacin) for uncomplicated urinary tract infection?--results of a randomized controlled pilot trial. BMC Med. 2010;8:30. This is a double-blind, randomized controlled drug trial that shows the noninferiority of ibuprofen, as compared with ciprofloxacin, each given for 3 days for treatment of symptomatic uncomplicated UTIs in healthy women 18–85 years of age. However, up to day 9, 12/36 (33%) of patients in the ibuprofen group received secondary antibiotic treatment due to ongoing or worsening symptoms, as compared with 6/33 (18%) in the ciprofloxacin group (nonsignificant).
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
23. • Falagas ME, Vouloumanou EK, Togias AG, et al. Fosfomycin versus other antibiotics for the treatment of cystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:1862–77. This is a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, which involved mostly nonpregnant female patients with cystitis. It found no difference between fosfomycin and comparators in clinical and microbiological success/relapse/reinfection.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
24. Ronald AR, Boutros P, Mourtada H. Bacteriuria localization and response to single-dose therapy in women. JAMA. 1976;235:1854–6.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
25. Chen YH, Ko WC, Hsueh PR. The role of fluoroquinolones in the management of urinary tract infections in areas with high rates of fluoroquinolone-resistant uropathogens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012;31:1699–704.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
26. Lee SS, Kim Y, Chung DR. Impact of discordant empirical therapy on outcome of community-acquired bacteremic acute pyelonephritis. J Infect. 2011;62:159–64.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
27. Jeon JH, Kim K, Han WD, et al. Empirical use of ciprofloxacin for acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli in communities where the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance is high. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56:3043–6.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
28. Johnson CC, Livornese L, Gold MJ, et al. Activity of cefepime against ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacilli using low and high inocula. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1995;35:765–73.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
29. Nordmann P, Cuzon G, Naas T. The real threat of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing bacteria. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9:228–36.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
30. Kelesidis T, Karageorgopoulos DE, Kelesidis I, et al. Tigecycline for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a systematic review of the evidence from micro biological and clinical studies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008;62:895–904.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
31. Li J, Milne RW, Nation RL, et al. Pharmacokinetics of colistin methanesulphonate and colistin in rats following an intravenous dose of colistin methanesulphonate. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;53:837–40.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
32. Paul M, Bishara J, Levcovich A, et al. Effectiveness and safety of colistin: prospective comparative cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:1019–27.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
33. Pogue JM, Marchaim D, Kaye D, et al. Re-visiting “older” antimicrobials in the era of multidrug resistance. Pharmacotherapy. 2011;31:912–21.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
34. Pogue JM, Lee J, Marchaim D, et al. Incidence of and risk factors for colistin-associated nephrotoxicity in a large academic health system. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:879–84.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
35. Curcio D. Treatment of recurrent urosepsis with tigecycline: a pharmacological perspective. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:1892–3.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
36. Prasad P, Sun J, Danner RL, et al. Excess deaths associated with tigecycline after approval based on noninferiority trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:1699–709.
    Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
37. • Rudenko N, Dorofeyev A. Prevention of recurrent lower urinary tract infections by long-term administration of fosfomycin trometamol. Double blind, randomized, parallel group, placebo controlled study. Arzneimittelforschung. 2005;55:420–7. This is a paper on long-term use of fosfomycin for oral prophylaxis of recurrent UTIs in women.
    PubMed CAS Google Scholar
38. Gupta K, Hooton TM. Duration of therapy for urinary tract infection: the long and the short of it. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:665–6.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar

Download references