Valvular Heart Disease in Cancer Patients: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management (original) (raw)

Papers of Particular Interest, Published Recently, Have Been Highlighted as: • Of Importance

  1. National Cancer Institute: surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program. [cited 2017 01/28/2017]; Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/all.html
  2. Lefrak EA, et al. A clinicopathologic analysis of adriamycin cardiotoxicity. Cancer. 1973;32(2):302–14.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  3. Fajardo LF, Stewart JR, Cohn KE. Morphology of radiation-induced heart disease. Arch Pathol. 1968;86(5):512–9.
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  4. Adams MJ, et al. Radiation-associated cardiovascular disease. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2003;45(1):55–75.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  5. Gujral DM, Lloyd G, Bhattacharyya S. Radiation-induced valvular heart disease. Heart. 2016;102(4):269–76.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  6. Herbst C, et al. Chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy plus radiotherapy for early stage Hodgkin lymphoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;2:CD007110.
    Google Scholar
  7. Bessell EM, et al. Long-term survival after treatment for Hodgkin's disease (1973-2002): improved survival with successive 10-year cohorts. Br J Cancer. 2012;107(3):531–6.
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  8. Clarke M, et al. Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet. 2005;366(9503):2087–106.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  9. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative, G, et al. Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10,801 women in 17 randomised trials. Lancet. 2011;378(9804):1707–16.
    Article Google Scholar
  10. Hardy D, et al. Cardiac toxicity in association with chemotherapy and radiation therapy in a large cohort of older patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 2010;21(9):1825–33.
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  11. Tripp P, et al. Cardiac function after chemoradiation for esophageal cancer: comparison of heart dose-volume histogram parameters to multiple gated acquisition scan changes. Dis Esophagus. 2005;18(6):400–5.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  12. Yusuf SW, Sami S, Daher IN. Radiation-induced heart disease: a clinical update. Cardiol Res Pract. 2011;2011:317659.
    PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  13. Fajardo LF, Stewart JR. Pathogenesis of radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis. Lab Investig. 1973;29(2):244–57.
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  14. Fajardo LF, Stewart JR. Capillary injury preceding radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis. Radiology. 1971;101(2):429–33.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  15. Cuomo JR, et al. Novel concepts in radiation-induced cardiovascular disease. World J Cardiol. 2016;8(9):504–19.
    Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  16. Taunk NK, et al. Radiation-induced heart disease: pathologic abnormalities and putative mechanisms. Front Oncol. 2015;5:39.
    Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  17. Weigel C, et al. Epigenetics in radiation-induced fibrosis. Oncogene. 2015;34(17):2145–55.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  18. Veinot JP, Edwards WD. Pathology of radiation-induced heart disease: a surgical and autopsy study of 27 cases. Hum Pathol. 1996;27(8):766–73.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  19. Stewart JR, Cohn KE, Fajardo LF, Hancock EW, Kaplan HS. Radiation-induced heart disease: a study of twenty-five patients. Radiology. 1967;89(2):302–10.
    Article Google Scholar
  20. Carlson RG, et al. Radiation-associated valvular disease. Chest. 1991;99(3):538–45.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  21. Stewart JR, et al. Radiation injury to the heart. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31(5):1205–11.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  22. Schellong G, et al. Late valvular and other cardiac diseases after different doses of mediastinal radiotherapy for Hodgkin disease in children and adolescents: report from the longitudinal GPOH follow-up project of the German-Austrian DAL-HD studies. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55(6):1145–52.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  23. • Cutter DJ, et al. Risk of valvular heart disease after treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015;107(4):djv008. Trial nicely shows increased risk of valvular disease with increasing doses of radiation
    Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  24. Rutqvist LE, Johansson H. Mortality by laterality of the primary tumour among 55,000 breast cancer patients from the Swedish cancer registry. Br J Cancer. 1990;61(6):866–8.
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  25. McGale P, et al. Incidence of heart disease in 35,000 women treated with radiotherapy for breast cancer in Denmark and Sweden. Radiother Oncol. 2011;100(2):167–75.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  26. Hull MC, et al. Valvular dysfunction and carotid, subclavian, and coronary artery disease in survivors of hodgkin lymphoma treated with radiation therapy. JAMA. 2003;290(21):2831–7.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  27. Aleman BM, et al. Late cardiotoxicity after treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2007;109(5):1878–86.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  28. • van Nimwegen FA, et al. Cardiovascular disease after Hodgkin lymphoma treatment: 40-year disease risk. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(6):1007–17. Trial demonstrates age at reciept of therapy increases risk of long term valvular damage regardless of follow up duration or attained age
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  29. Lund MB, et al. Increased risk of heart valve regurgitation after mediastinal radiation for Hodgkin's disease: an echocardiographic study. Heart. 1996;75(6):591–5.
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  30. Heidenreich PA, et al. Asymptomatic cardiac disease following mediastinal irradiation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42(4):743–9.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  31. Glanzmann C, et al. Cardiac risk after mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. Radiother Oncol. 1998;46(1):51–62.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  32. Wethal T, et al. Valvular dysfunction and left ventricular changes in Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors. A longitudinal study. Br J Cancer. 2009;101(4):575–81.
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  33. Galper SL, et al. Clinically significant cardiac disease in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma treated with mediastinal irradiation. Blood. 2011;117(2):412–8.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  34. Cuzick J, et al. Cause-specific mortality in long-term survivors of breast cancer who participated in trials of radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 1994;12(3):447–53.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  35. Hooning MJ, et al. Long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in 10-year survivors of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99(5):365–75.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  36. Bouillon K, et al. Long-term cardiovascular mortality after radiotherapy for breast cancer. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57(4):445–52.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  37. Feldman AM, Lorell BH, Reis SE. Trastuzumab in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer : anticancer therapy versus cardiotoxicity. Circulation. 2000;102(3):272–4.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  38. Lipshultz SE, et al. Late cardiac effects of doxorubicin therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. N Engl J Med. 1991;324(12):808–15.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  39. Arsenian MA. Cardiovascular sequelae of therapeutic thoracic radiation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1991;33(5):299–311.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  40. Myrehaug S, et al. Cardiac morbidity following modern treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma: supra-additive cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin and radiation therapy. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008;49(8):1486–93.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  41. Andrejak M, Tribouilloy C. Drug-induced valvular heart disease: an update. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;106(5):333–9.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  42. Allen J, et al. Mitral regurgitation after anthracycline treatment for childhood malignancy. Heart. 2001;85(4):430–2.
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  43. Bijl JM, et al. Assessment of Valvular disorders in survivors of Hodgkin's lymphoma treated by mediastinal radiotherapy +/− chemotherapy. Am J Cardiol. 2016;117(4):691–6.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  44. Mulrooney DA, et al. Cardiac outcomes in adult survivors of childhood cancer exposed to Cardiotoxic therapy: a cross-sectional study. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(2):93–101.
    Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  45. • Boekel NB, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk in a large, population-based cohort of breast cancer survivors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016;94(5):1061–72. Largest study of breast cancer and valvular disease to date, shows increased risk with left sided cancer however study includes patients from as early as 1980s
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  46. • Murbraech K, et al. Valvular dysfunction in lymphoma survivors treated with autologous stem cell transplantation: a national cross-sectional study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9(3):230–9. The first trial to delineate the type valvular damage sufferend as a result of chemotherapy, showing increased valvular pathology related to anthracycline based chemotherapy which was not simply functional regurgitation
  47. Bottinor WJ, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of Cardiotoxic effects of cancer therapy. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2016;18(10):99.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  48. Krapf L, et al. Anatomical features of rheumatic and non-rheumatic mitral stenosis: potential additional value of three-dimensional echocardiography. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;106(2):111–5.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  49. Maraldo MV, et al. Risk of developing cardiovascular disease after involved node radiotherapy versus mantle field for Hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;83(4):1232–7.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  50. Gyenes G, et al. Evaluation of irradiated heart volumes in stage I breast cancer patients treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 1997;15(4):1348–53.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  51. Raj KA, et al. Is there an increased risk of local recurrence under the heart block in patients with left-sided breast cancer? Cancer J. 2006;12(4):309–17.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  52. Hayden AJ, Rains M, Tiver K. Deep inspiration breath hold technique reduces heart dose from radiotherapy for left-sided breast cancer. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2012;56(4):464–72.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  53. Petersen PM, et al. Prospective phase II trial of image-guided radiotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma: benefit of deep inspiration breath-hold. Acta Oncol. 2015;54(1):60–6.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  54. Swanson T, et al. Six-year experience routinely using moderate deep inspiration breath-hold for the reduction of cardiac dose in left-sided breast irradiation for patients with early-stage or locally advanced breast cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 2013;36(1):24–30.
    Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  55. Formenti SC, et al. Prone vs supine positioning for breast cancer radiotherapy. JAMA. 2012;308(9):861–3.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  56. Ahmad SS, et al. Advances in radiotherapy. BMJ. 2012;345:e7765.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  57. Fiandra C, et al. Different IMRT solutions vs. 3D-conformal radiotherapy in early stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: dosimetric comparison and clinical considerations. Radiat Oncol. 2012;7:186.
    Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  58. Mast ME, et al. Left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy with and without breath-hold: does IMRT reduce the cardiac dose even further? Radiother Oncol. 2013;108(2):248–53.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  59. Campbell BA, et al. Involved-nodal radiation therapy as a component of combination therapy for limited-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: a question of field size. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(32):5170–4.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  60. Lin LL, et al. Proton beam versus photon beam dose to the heart and left anterior descending artery for left-sided breast cancer. Acta Oncol. 2015;54(7):1032–9.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  61. Darby SC, et al. Risk of ischemic heart disease in women after radiotherapy for breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(11):987–98.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  62. Patt DA, et al. Cardiac morbidity of adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(30):7475–82.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  63. Chang AS, et al. Cardiac surgery after mediastinal radiation: extent of exposure influences outcome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133(2):404–13.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  64. Handa N, et al. Valvular heart operation in patients with previous mediastinal radiation therapy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;71(6):1880–4.
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  65. Abramowitz Y, et al. Porcelain aorta: a comprehensive review. Circulation. 2015;131(9):827–36.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  66. Beohar N, et al. Trends in complications and outcomes of patients undergoing Transfemoral Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: experience from the PARTNER continued access registry. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2016;9(4):355–63.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  67. Franzen O, et al. Acute outcomes of MitraClip therapy for mitral regurgitation in high-surgical-risk patients: emphasis on adverse valve morphology and severe left ventricular dysfunction. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(11):1373–81.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  68. Network, N.C.C. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®): Hodgkin Lymphoma. 2016 3.2016 [cited 2017 02/01/2017]; Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/hodgkins.pdf
  69. van Leeuwen-Segarceanu EM, et al. Screening Hodgkin lymphoma survivors for radiotherapy induced cardiovascular disease. Cancer Treat Rev. 2011;37(5):391–403.
    Article PubMed Google Scholar
  70. • Lancellotti P, et al. Expert consensus for multi-modality imaging evaluation of cardiovascular complications of radiotherapy in adults: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26(9):1013–32. Most concise statement on management of cardiovascular complications as the results of cancer treatment as published by major societes
    Article PubMed Google Scholar

Download references