Atopic Dermatitis and the Nervous System (original) (raw)

• Cooper KD (1994) Atopic dermatitis: recent trends in pathogenesis and therapy. J Invest Dermatol 102:128–137
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Chateau Y, Misery L (2004) Connections between nerve endings and epidermal cells: are they synapses? Exp Dermatol 13:2–4
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Langerhans P (1868) Uber die Nerven der menschlichen Haut. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol 44:325–337
  Google Scholar
• Hosoi J, Murphy GF, Egan CL, Lerner EA, Grabbe S, Asahina A et al (1993) Regulation of Langerhans cell function by nerves containing calcitonin gene-related peptide. Nature 363:159–163
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Gaudillere A, Misery L, Souchier C, Claudy A, Schmitt D (1996) Intimate associations between PGP9.5-positive nerve fibres and Langerhans cells. Br J Dermatol 135:343–344
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Hilliges M, Wang L, Johansson O (1995) Ultrastructural evidence for nerve fibers within all vital layers of the human epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 104:134–137
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Wiesner-Menzel L, Schulz B, Vakilzadeh F, Czarnetzki BM (1981) Electron microscopal evidence for a direct contact between nerve fibres and mast cells. Acta Derm Venereol 61:465–469
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sueki H, Telegan B, Murphy GF (1995) Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of human dermal dendrocytes. J Invest Dermatol 105:704–708
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lotti T, Hautmann G, Panconesi E (1995) Neuropeptides in skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 33:482–496
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Eedy DJ, Shaw C, Johnston CF, Buchanan KD (1994) The regional distribution of neuropeptides in human skin as assessed by radioimmunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography. Clin Exp Dermatol 19:463–472
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Boissel JP, Ohly D, Bros M, Gödtel-Armbrust U, Förstermann U, Frank S (2004) The neuronal nitric oxide synthase is upregulated in mouse skin repair and in response to epidermal growth factor in human HaCaT keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 123:132–139
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Boulais N, Misery L (2007) Merkel cells. J Am Acad Dermatol 57:147–165
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Misery L (1997) Skin, immunity and the nervous system. Br J Dermatol 137:843–850
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Cocchia D, Michetti F, Donato R (1981) Immunochemical and immuno-cytochemical localization of S-100 antigen in normal human skin. Nature 294:85–87
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L, Campos L, Sabido O, Kanitakis J, Dezutter-Dambuyant C, Guyotat D et al (1993) S100 protein and neuron-specific enolase on monocytic leukemic CD1+ cells, probable precursors of Langerhans cells. Eur J Haematol 51:132–135
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Hsieh ST, Choi S, Lin WM, Chang YC, McArthur JC, Griffin JW (1996) Epidermal denervation and its effects on keratinocytes and Langerhans cells. J Neurocytol 25:513–524
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Hamzeh H, Gaudillere A, Sabido O, Tchou I, Lambert C, Schmitt D et al (2000) Expression of PGP9.5 on Langerhans’ cells and their precursors. Acta Derm Venereol 80:14–16
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bhardwaj RS, Luger TA (1994) Proopiomelanocortin production by epidermal cells: evidence for an immune neuroendocrine network in the epidermis. Arch Dermatol Res 287:85–90
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Staniek V, Misery L, Peguet-Navarro J, Abello J, Doutremepuich JD, Claudy A et al (1997) Binding and in vitro modulation of human epidermal Langerhans cell functions by substance P. Arch Dermatol Res 289:285–291
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Staniek V, Misery L, Peguet-Navarro J, Sabido O, Cuber JC, Dezutter-Dambuyant C et al (1996) Expression of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in human skin. Acta Derm Venereol 76:282–286
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Shimizu T, Streilein JW (1994) Influence of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on induction of contact hypersensitivity and tolerance. J Dermatol Sci 8:187–193
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L (1998) Langerhans cells in the neuro–immuno–cutaneous system. J Neuroimmunol 89:83–87
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Gillardon F, Moll I, Michel S, Benrath J, Weihe E, Zimmerman M (1995) CGRP and nitric oxide are involved in UV radiation-induced immunosuppression. Eur J Pharamacol Environ Toxic 296:395–400
  Google Scholar
• Hosoi J, Torii H, Fox F, Zan Z, Rook AH, Granstein RD (1995) Alteration of cytokine expression by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). J Invest Dermatol 105:859
  Google Scholar
• Asahina A, Hosoi J, Beissert S, Stratigos A, Granstein RD (1995) Inhibition of the induction of delayed-type and contact hyeprsensitivity by CGRP. J Immunol 154:3056–3061
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L (2000) The neuro–immuno–cutaneous system and ultraviolet radiation. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 16:78–81
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ansel JC, Kaynard AH, Armstrong CA, Olerud J, Bunnett N, Payan D (1996) Skin–nervous system interactions. J Invest Dermatol 106:198–204
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lambert RW, Granstein RD (1998) Neuropeptides and Langerhans cells. Exp Dermatol 7:73–80
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Lotti T, Bianchi B, Panconesi E (1999) Neuropeptides and skin disorders. The new frontiers of neuro–endocrine–cutaneous immunology. Int J Dermatol 38:673–675
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pincelli C, Fantini F, Gianetti A (1993) Neuropeptides and skin inflammation. Dermatology 187:153–158
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Scholzen T, Armstrong CA, Bunnett NW, Luger TA, Olerud JE, Ansel JC (1998) Neuropeptides in the skin: interactions between the neuroendocrine and the skin immune systems. Exp Dermatol 7:81–96
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Luger TA, Lotti T (1998) Neuropeptides: role in inflammatory skin diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 10:207–211
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Marconi A, Terracina M, Fila C, Franchi J, Bonte F, Romagnoli G et al (2003) Expression and function of neurotrophins and their receptors in cultured human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 121:1515–1521
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pincelli C, Fantini F, Giannetti A (1994) Nerve growth factor and the skin. Int J Dermatol 33:308–312
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Freund V, Kassel O, Frossard N (2001) Le facteur de croissance des nerfs: un nouveau médiateur de l’inflammation ? Rev Fr Allergol Immunol Clin 41:571–578
  Google Scholar
• Buske-Kirschbaum A, Hellhammer D (2003) Endocrine and immune responses to stress in chronic inflammatory skin disorders. Ann NY Acad Sci 992:231–240
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Slominski A, Wortsman J, Tuckey RC, Paus R (2007) Differential expression of HPA axis homolog in the skin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 265–266:143–149
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Al’Abadie MSK, Senior HJ, Bleehen SS, Gawkrodger DJ (1994) Neuropeptides and neuronal marker in atopic dermatitis: a quantified immunohistochemical study. Eur J Dermatol 4:394–398
  Google Scholar
• Tobin D, Nabarro G, De La Faille HB, Van Vloten WA, Van Der Putte SC, Schuurman HJ (1992) Increased number of nerve fibers in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 90:613–622
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pincelli C, Fantini F, Massimi P, Girolimoni G, Seidenari S, Giannetti A (1990) Neuropeptides in skin from patients with atopic dermatitis: an immunohistochemical study. Br J Dermatol 122:745–750
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pincelli C, Fantini FPM, Gianetti A (1990) Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in Langerhans cells from patients with atopic dermatitis. J Neurosci 51:219–220
  CAS Google Scholar
• Johansson O, Liu PY, Han SW, Lindberger M, Ljungdahl A, Wahl-Gren CF (1995) An immunohistochemical study of neuroactive substances in the skin of atopic dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol 5:516–523
  Google Scholar
• Rupprecht M, Renders U, Koch HU, Hornstein OP (1993) Twenty-four hour secretion of prolactin in patients with atopic eczema and normal controls. Eur J Dermatol 3:495–498
  Google Scholar
• Toyoda M, Nakamura M, Makino T, Hino T, Kagoura M, Morohashi M (2002) Nerve growth factor and substance P are useful plasma markers of disease activity in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 147:71–79
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Umemoto N, Kakurai M, Okazaki H, Kiyosawa T, Demitsu T, Nakagawa H (2003) Serum levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide are elevated in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 31:161–164
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Gordon DJ, Ostlere LS, Holden CA (1997) Neuropeptide modulation of Th1 and Thé cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes in atopic dermatitis and non-atopic controls. Br J Dermatol 137:921–927
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kim KH, Park KC, Chung JH, Choi HR (2003) The effect of substance P on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 32:115–124
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Antunez C, Torres MJ, Lopez S, Rodriguez-Pena R, Blanca M, Mayorga C et al (2009) Calcitonin gene-related peptide modulates interleukin-13 in circulating cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen-positive T cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 161:547–553
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Wessler I, Reinheimer T, Kilbinger H, Bittinger F, Kirkpatrick CJ, Saloga J et al (2003) Increased acetylcholine levels in skin biopsies of patients with atopic dermatitis. Life Sci 72:2169–2172
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kindt F, Wiegand S, Niemeier V, Kupfer J, Loser C, Nilles M et al (2008) Reduced expression of nicotinic alpha subunits 3, 7, 9 and 10 in lesional and nonlesional atopic dermatitis skin but enhanced expression of alpha subunits 3 and 5 in mast cells. Br J Dermatol 159:847–857
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Munoz-Hoyos A, Espin-Quirantes C, Molina-Carballo A, Uberos J, Contreras-Chova F, Narbona-Lopez E et al (2007) Neuroendocrine and circadian aspects (melatonin and beta-endorphin) of atopic dermatitis in the child. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 18:679–686
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kim TH, Jung JA, Kim GD, Jang AH, Ahn HJ, Park YS et al (2009) Melatonin inhibits the development of 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Pineal Res 47:324–329
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Glinski W, Brodecka H, Glinska-Ferenz M, Kowalski D (1995) Increased concentration of beta-endorphin in the sera of patients with severe atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol 75:9–11
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tominaga M, Ogawa H, Takamori K (2007) Possible roles of epidermal opioid systems in pruritus of atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 127:2228–2235
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Bigliardi-Qi M, Lipp B, Sumanovski LT, Buechner SA, Bigliardi PL (2005) Changes of epidermal mu-opiate receptor expression and nerve endings in chronic atopic dermatitis. Dermatology 210:91–99
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Schlessinger J, Miller B, Gilbert RD, Plott RT (2006) An open-label adrenal suppression study of 0.1% fluocinonide cream in pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 142:1568–1572
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Patel L, Clayton PE, Addison GM, Price DA, David TJ (1995) Adrenal function following topical steroid treatment in children with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 132:950–955
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Paul-Eugene N, Kolb JP, Damais C, Abadie A, Mencia-Huerta JM, Braquet P et al (1994) Beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists regulate the IL-4-induced phenotypical changes and IgE-dependent functions in normal human monocytes. J Leukoc Biol 55:313–320
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Niemeier V, Gieler U, Baerwald C, Kupfer J, Schill WB, Happle R (1996) Decreased density of beta-adrenergic receptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol 6:377–380
  Google Scholar
• Potter PC, Van Wyk L, Martin M, Lentes KU, Dowdle EB (1993) Genetic polymorphism of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor in atopic and non-atopic subjects. Clin Exp Allergy 23:874–877
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Schallreuter KU, Wei Y, Pittelkow MR, Swanson NN, Gibbons NC, Wood JM (2007) Structural and functional alterations in the beta2-adrenoceptor are caused by a point mutation in patients with atopic eczema. Exp Dermatol 16:807–813
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Roguedas AM, Audrezet MP, Scotet V, Dupre-Goetghebeur D, Ferec C, Misery L (2006) Intrinsic atopic dermatitis is associated with a beta-2 adrenergic receptor polymorphism. Acta Derm Venereol 86:447–448
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Schallreuter KU, Pittelkow MR, Swanson NN, Beazley WD, Korner C, Ehrke C et al (1997) Altered catecholamine synthesis and degradation in the epidermis of patients with atopic eczema. Arch Dermatol Res 289:663–666
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L, Roguedas AM (2004) Atopie et stress. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 131:1008–1011
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sugiura H, Omoto M, Hirota Y, Danno K, Uehara M (1997) Density and fine structure of peripheral nerves in various skin lesions of atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Res 289:125–131
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Dou YC, Hagstromer L, Emtestam L, Johansson O (2006) Increased nerve growth factor and its receptors in atopic dermatitis: an immunohistochemical study. Arch Dermatol Res 298:31–37
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi J, Aihara M, Kobayashi Y, Kambara T, Ikezawa Z (2009) Quantitative analysis of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the atopic dermatitis and psoriasis horny layer and effect of treatment on NGF in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 53:48–54
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Takano N, Sakurai T, Ohashi Y, Kurachi M (2007) Effects of high-affinity nerve growth factor receptor inhibitors on symptoms in the NC/Nga mouse atopic dermatitis model. Br J Dermatol 156:241–246
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Grewe M, Vogelsang K, Ruzicka T, Stege H, Krutmann J (2000) Neurotrophin-4 production by human epidermal keratinocytes: increased expression in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 114:1108–1112
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ma L, Gao XH, Zhao LP, Di ZH, McHepange UO, Zhang L et al (2009) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene polymorphisms and serum levels in Chinese atopic dermatitis patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 23:1277–1281
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tominaga M, Ogawa H, Takamori K (2008) Decreased production of semaphorin 3A in the lesional skin of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 158:842–844
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi J, Nakamura F, Aihara M, Yamashita N, Usui H, Hida T et al (2008) Semaphorin3A alleviates skin lesions and scratching behavior in NC/Nga mice, an atopic dermatitis model. J Invest Dermatol 128:2842–2849
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Tominaga M, Tengara S, Kamo A, Ogawa H, Takamori K (2009) Psoralen-ultraviolet a therapy alters epidermal Sema3A and NGF levels and modulates epidermal innervation in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 55:40–46
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Wahlgren CF, Ekblom A (1996) Two-point discrimation of itch in patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy subjects. Acta Derm Venereol 76:48–51
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Heyer GR, Hortsein OP (1999) Recent studies of cutaneous nociception in atopic and non-atopic subjects. J Dermatol 26:77–86
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Koppert W, Heyer G, Handwerker H (1996) Atopic eczema and histamine-induced sensations. Dermatology 192:227–232
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Mori T, Ishida K, Mukumoto S, Yamada Y, Imokawa G, Kabashima K et al (2010) Comparison of skin barrier function and sensory nerve electric current perception threshold between IgE-high extrinsic and IgE-normal intrinsic types of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 162(1):83–90
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Ozawa M, Tsuchiyama K, Gomi R, Kurosaki F, Kawamoto Y, Aiba S (2009) Neuroselective transcutaneous electrical stimulation reveals neuronal sensitization in atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 60:609–614
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Engel-Yeger B, Habib-Mazawi S, Parush S, Rozenman D, Kessel A, Shani-Adir A (2007) The sensory profile of children with atopic dermatitis as determined by the sensory profile questionnaire. J Am Acad Dermatol 57:610–615
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Shani-Adir A, Rozenman D, Kessel A, Engel-Yeger B (2009) The relationship between sensory hypersensitivity and sleep quality of children with atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Dermatol 26:143–149
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Grosshans E, Selig D, Quenneville Y, Gautherie M (1977) Physiopathologie de la blancheur cholinergique retardée dans l’atopie. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 104:453–457
  Google Scholar
• Eishi K, Lee JB, Bae SJ, Takenaka M, Katayama I (2002) Impaired sweating function in adult atopic dermatitis: results of the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test. Br J Dermatol 147:683–688
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Cicek D, Kandi B, Berilgen MS, Bulut S, Tekatas A, Dertliogu SB et al (2008) Does autonomic dysfunction play a role in atopic dermatitis? Br J Dermatol 159:834–838
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Boettger MK, Bär KJ, Dohrmann A, Müller H, Mertins L, Brockmeyer NH et al (2009) Increased vagal modulation in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 53:55–59
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L (2001) Are biochemical mediators the missing link between psychosomatics and dermatology ? Dermatol Psychosom 2:178–183
  Google Scholar
• Slominski A, Mihm MC (1996) Potential mechanism of skin response to stress. Int J Dermatol 35:849–851
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Walker CD, Bodnar M, Forget MA, Toufexis DJ, Trottier G (1997) Stress et plasticité neuroendocrinienne. Med Sci 13:509–518
  Google Scholar
• Dhabhar FS (1998) Stress-induced enhancement of cell-mediated immunity. Ann NY Acad Sci 840:359–372
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Dhabhar FS (1999) Mac Ewen BS. Enhancing versus suppressive effects of stress hormones on skin immune function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:1059–1064
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Harbuz MS, Conde GL, Marti O, Lightman SL, Jessop DS (1997) The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in autoimmunity. Ann NY Acad Sci 823:214–224
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L, Rousset H (2001) La pelade est-elle une maladie psychosomatique ? Rev Méd Interne 22:274–279
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Sandberg S, Paton JY, Ahola S, Mac Cann DC, Mac Guinness D, Hillary CR et al (2000) The role of acute and chronic stress in asthma attacks in children. Lancet 356:982–987
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kodama A, Horikawa T, Suzuki T, Ajiki W, Takashima T, Harada S et al (1999) Effect of stress on atopic dermatitis: investigation in patients after the great Hanshin earthquake. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104:173–176
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L, Thomas L, Jullien D, Cambazard F, Humbert P, Dubertret L et al (2008) Comparative study of stress and quality of life in outpatients consulting for different dermatoses in 5 academic departments of dermatology. Eur J Dermatol 18:412–415
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Chida Y, Hamer M, Steptoe A (2008) A bidirectional relationship between psychosocial factors and atopic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychosom Med 70:102–116
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Buske-Kirschbaum A, Geiben A, Hellhammer D (2001) Psychobiological aspects of atopic dermatitis: an overview. Psychother Psychosom 70:6–16
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Von Hertzen LC (2002) Maternal stress and T-cell differentiation of the developing immune system: possible implications for the development of asthma and atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 109:923–928
  Google Scholar
• Buske-Kirschbaum A, Gierens A, Hollig H, Hellhammer DH (2002) Stress-induced immunomodulation is altered in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Neuroimmunol 129:161–167
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Saint-Mézard P, Chavagnac C, Bosset S, Ionescu M, Peyron E, Kaiserlian D et al (2003) Psychological stress exerts an adjuvant effect on skin dendritic cell functions in vivo. J Immunol 171:4073–4080
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Katayama I, Bae SJ, Hamasaki Y, Igawa K, Miyazaki Y, Yokozeki H et al (2001) Stress response, tachykinin and cutaneous inflammation. J Invest Dermatol Symp Proc 6:81–86
  CAS Google Scholar
• Arndt J, Smith N, Tausk F (2008) Stress and atopic dermatitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 8:312–317
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Garg A, Chren MM, Sands LP, Matsui MS, Marenus KD, Feingold KR et al (2001) Psychological stress perturbs epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis: implications for the pathogenesis of stress-associated skin disorders. Arch Dermatol 137:53–59
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pavlovic S, Daniltchenko M, Tobin DJ, Hagen E, Hunt SP, Klapp BF et al (2008) Further exploring the brain–skin connection: stress worsens dermatitis via substance P-dependent neurogenic inflammation in mice. J Invest Dermatol 128:434–446
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Drake LA, Fallon JD, Sober A (1994) Relief of pruritus in patients with atopic dermatitis after treatment with topical doxepin cream. J Am Acad Dermatol 31:613–616
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Kawana S, Kato Y, Omi T (2010) Efficacy of a 5-HT1a receptor agonist in atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Dermatol 35(8):835–840
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Stander S, Stander H, Seeliger S, Luger TA, Steinhoff M (2007) Topical pimecrolimus and tacrolimus transiently induce neuropeptide release and mast cell degranulation in murine skin. Br J Dermatol 156:1020–1026
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Pereira U, Boulais N, Lebonvallet N, Pennec JP, Dorange G, Misery L (2010) Mechanisms of sensory effects of tacrolimus on the skin. Br J Dermatol 163(1):70–77
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Darsow U, Pfab F, Valet V, Huss-Marp J, Behrendt H, Ring J et al. (2010) Pruritus and atopic dermatitis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol (in press)
• Ulven T, Kostenis E (2010) Novel CRTH2 antagonists: a review of patents from 2006 to 2009. Expert Opin Ther Pat 20:1505–1530
  PubMed CAS Google Scholar
• Misery L (2005) Atopic dermatitis and psychism. Ann Dermatol Vénéréol 132(suppl 1):112–115
  Google Scholar
• Chida Y, Steptoe A, Hirakawa N, Sudo N, Kubo C (2007) The effects of psychological intervention on atopic dermatitis. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 144:1–9
  PubMed Google Scholar