- Carroll TJ, Riek S, Carson RG. Neural adaptations to resistance training: implications for movement control. Sports Med. 2001;31(12):829–40.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Steib S, Schoene D, Pfeifer K. Dose-response relationship of resistance training in older adults: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(5):902–14.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Suchomel TJ, Nimphius S, Stone MH. The importance of muscular strength in athletic performance. Sports Med. 2016;46(10):1419–49.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(3):687–708.
Article Google Scholar
- Baechle TR, Earle RW, Wathen D. Resistance training. In: Earle RW, Baechle TR, editors. Essentials of strength training and conditioning. 3rd ed. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2008. p. 381–412.
Google Scholar
- Ralston GW, Kilgore L, Wyatt FB, et al. The effect of weekly set volume on strength gain: a meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2017;47(12):2585–601.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Carpinelli RN, Otto RM. Strength training. Single versus multiple sets. Sports Med. 1998;26(2):73–84.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Schoenfeld BJ, Grgic J, Ogborn D, et al. Strength and hypertrophy adaptations between low- versus high-load resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31(12):3508–23.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Schoenfeld BJ, Wilson JM, Lowery RP, et al. Muscular adaptations in low- versus high-load resistance training: a meta-analysis. Eur J Sport Sci. 2016;16(1):1–10.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Candow DG, Burke DG. Effect of short-term equal-volume resistance training with different workout frequency on muscle mass and strength in untrained men and women. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21(1):204–7.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- McLester JR, Bishop P, Guilliams ME. Comparison of 1 day and 3 days per week of equal-volume resistance training in experienced subjects. J Strength Cond Res. 2000;14(3):273–81.
Google Scholar
- Schoenfeld BJ, Ratamess NA, Peterson MD, et al. Influence of resistance training frequency on muscular adaptations in well-trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(7):1821–9.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Thomas MH, Burns SP. Increasing lean mass and strength: a comparison of high frequency strength training to lower frequency strength training. Int J Exerc Sci. 2016;9(2):159–67.
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Benton MJ, Kasper MJ, Raab SA, et al. Short-term effects of resistance training frequency on body composition and strength in middle-aged women. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(11):3142–9.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Fernández-Lezaun E, Schumann M, Mäkinen T, et al. Effects of resistance training frequency on cardiorespiratory fitness in older men and women during intervention and follow-up. Exp Gerontol. 2017;95:44–53.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Gentil P, Fischer B, Martorelli AS, et al. Effects of equal-volume resistance training performed one or two times a week in upper body muscle size and strength of untrained young men. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015;55(3):144–9.
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Lera Orsatti F, Nahas EA, Maestá N, et al. Effects of resistance training frequency on body composition and metabolics and inflammatory markers in overweight postmenopausal women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2014;54(3):317–25.
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Murlasits Z, Reed J, Wells K. Effect of resistance training frequency on physiological adaptations in older adults. J Exerc Sci Fit. 2012;10(1):28–32.
Article Google Scholar
- Padilha CS, Ribeiro AS, Fleck SJ, et al. Effect of resistance training with different frequencies and detraining on muscular strength and oxidative stress biomarkers in older women. Age. 2015;37(5):104.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Silva RG, Silva DRP, Pina FLC. Effect of two different weekly resistance training frequencies on muscle strength and blood pressure in normotensive older women. Rev Bras Cineantropom Hum. 2017;19(1):118–27.
Article Google Scholar
- Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264–9.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Fleck SJ, Kraemer WJ. Designing resistance training programs. In: Fleck SJ, Kraemer WJ, editors. Physiological adaptations to resistance training. 4th ed. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2014. p. 52.
Google Scholar
- Downs SH, Black N. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 1998;52(6):377–84.
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Davies TB, Kuang K, Orr R, et al. Effect of movement velocity during resistance training on dynamic muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2017;47(8):1603–17.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Grgic J, Schoenfeld BJ, Skrepnik M, et al. Effects of rest interval duration in resistance training on measures of muscular strength: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2018;48(1):137–51.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Tipton E. Small sample adjustments for robust variance estimation with meta-regression. Psychol Methods. 2015;20(3):375–93.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Morris B. Estimating effect sizes from pretest-posttest-control group designs. Organ Res Methods. 2008;11(2):364–86.
Article Google Scholar
- Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins JPT. Effect sizes based on means. In: Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins JPT, Rothstein HR, editors. Introduction to meta-analysis. New York: Wiley; 2009. p. 21–32.
Chapter Google Scholar
- Hedges LV, Tipton E, Johnson MC. Robust variance estimation in meta-regression with dependent effect size estimates. Res Synth Methods. 2010;1(1):39–65.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Thompson SG, Sharp SJ. Explaining heterogeneity in meta-analysis: a comparison of methods. Stat Med. 1999;18(20):2693–708.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Gentil P, Del Vecchio FB, Paoli A, et al. Isokinetic dynamometry and 1RM tests produce conflicting results for assessing alterations in muscle strength. J Hum Kinet. 2017;56:19–27.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Ferrari R, Kruel LF, Cadore EL, et al. Efficiency of twice weekly concurrent training in trained elderly men. Exp Gerontol. 2013;48(11):1236–42.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Fisher G, McCarthy JP, Zuckerman PA, et al. Frequency of combined resistance and aerobic training in older women. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27(7):1868–76.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Arazi H, Asadi A. Effects of 8 weeks equal-volume resistance training with different workout frequency on maximal strength, endurance and body composition. Int J Sports Sci Eng. 2011;5(2):11–8.
Google Scholar
- Hunter GR. Changes in body composition, body build and performance associated with different weight training frequencies in males and females. Natl Strength Cond Assoc J. 1985;7(1):26–8.
Article Google Scholar
- Brazell-Roberts JV, Thomas LE. Effects of weight training frequency on the self-concept of college females. J Appl Sports Sci Res. 1989;3(2):40–3.
Google Scholar
- Carroll TJ, Abernethy PJ, Logan PA, et al. Resistance training frequency: strength and myosin heavy chain responses to two and three bouts per week. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1998;78(3):270–5.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- DiFrancisco-Donoghue J, Werner W, Douris PC. Comparison of once-weekly and twice-weekly strength training in older adults. Br J Sports Med. 2007;41(1):19–22.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Faigenbaum AD, Milliken LA, Loud RL, et al. Comparison of 1 and 2 days per week of strength training in children. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2002;73(4):416–24.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Gregory LW. Some observations on strength training and assessment. J Sports Med Phys Fit. 1981;21(2):130–7.
CAS Google Scholar
- McKenzie Gillam G. Effects of frequency of weight training on muscle strength enhancement. J Sports Med Phys Fit. 1981;21(4):432–6.
Google Scholar
- Taaffe DR, Duret C, Wheeler S, et al. Once-weekly resistance exercise improves muscle strength and neuromuscular performance in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999;47(10):1208–14.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Ribeiro AS, Schoenfeld BJ, Silva DR, et al. Effect of two- versus three-way split resistance training routines on body composition and muscular strength in bodybuilders: a pilot study. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2015;25(6):559–65.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Ploutz-Snyder LL, Giamis EL. Orientation and familiarization to 1RM strength testing in old and young women. J Strength Cond Res. 2001;15(4):519–23.
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Mattocks KT, Buckner SL, Jessee MB, et al. Practicing the test produces strength equivalent to higher volume training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017;49(9):1945–54.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Dankel SJ, Buckner SL, Jessee MB, et al. Correlations do not show cause and effect: not even for changes in muscle size and strength. Sports Med. 2018;48(1):1–6.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Dankel SJ, Counts BR, Barnett BE, et al. Muscle adaptations following 21 consecutive days of strength test familiarization compared with traditional training. Muscle Nerve. 2017;56(2):307–14.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Ferreira DV, Ferreira-Júnior JB, Soares SR, et al. Chest press exercises with different stability requirements result in similar muscle damage recovery in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31(1):71–9.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Soares S, Ferreira-Junior JB, Pereira MC, et al. Dissociated time course of muscle damage recovery between single- and multi-joint exercises in highly resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(9):2594–9.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Wernbom M, Augustsson J, Thomeé R. The influence of frequency, intensity, volume and mode of strength training on whole muscle cross-sectional area in humans. Sports Med. 2007;37(3):225–64.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Housh DJ, Housh TJ, Johnson GO, et al. Hypertrophic response to unilateral concentric isokinetic resistance training. J Appl Physiol. 1992;73(1):65–70.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Gentil P, Ferreira-Junior JB, Bemben MG, et al. The effects of resistance training on lower and upper body strength gains in young women. Int J Kinesiol Sports Sci. 2015;3(3):18–23.
Google Scholar
- Gentil P. Comment on: “Determining strength: a case for multiple methods of measurement”. Sports Med. 2017;47(9):1901–2.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Davies T, Orr R, Halaki M, et al. Effect of training leading to repetition failure on muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2016;46(4):487–502.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Morán-Navarro R, Pérez CE, Mora-Rodríguez R, et al. Time course of recovery following resistance training leading or not to failure. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017;117(12):2387–99.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Ferreira DV, Gentil P, Soares SRS, et al. Recovery of pectoralis major and triceps brachii after bench press exercise. Muscle Nerve. 2017;56(5):963–7.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Hunter GR, McCarthy JP, Bamman MM. Effects of resistance training on older adults. Sports Med. 2004;34(5):329–48.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Borde R, Hortobágyi T, Granacher U. Dose–response relationships of resistance training in healthy old adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2015;45(12):1693–720.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Loustalot F, Carlson SA, Kruger J, et al. Muscle-strengthening activities and participation among adults in the United States. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2013;84(1):30–8.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Barbalho MSM, Gentil P, Izquierdo M, et al. There are no no-responders to low or high resistance training volumes among older women. Exp Gerontol. 2017;99:18–26.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Izquierdo M, Ibañez J, Hakkinen K, et al. Once weekly combined resistance and cardiovascular training in healthy older men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36(3):435–43.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Roth SM, Martel GF, Ivey FM, et al. High-volume, heavy-resistance strength training and muscle damage in young and older women. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88(3):1112–8.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Flores DF, Gentil P, Brown LE, et al. Dissociated time course of recovery between genders after resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(11):3039–44.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Raastad T, Kirketeig A, Wolf D, et al. Powerlifters improved strength and muscular adaptations to a greater extent when equal total training volume was divided into 6 compared to 3 training sessions per week. In: 17th Annual conference of the European College of Sport Science, Brugge.
- Mazzetti SA, Kraemer WJ, Volek JS, et al. The influence of direct supervision of resistance training on strength performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(6):1175–84.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Gentil P, Bottaro M. Influence of supervision ratio on muscle adaptations to resistance training in nontrained subjects. J Strength Cond Res. 2010;24(3):639–43.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Lacroix A, Hortobágyi T, Beurskens R, et al. Effects of supervised vs. unsupervised training programs on balance and muscle strength in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2017;47(11):2341–61.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Dankel SJ, Mattocks KT, Jessee MB, et al. Frequency: the overlooked resistance training variable for inducing muscle hypertrophy? Sports Med. 2017;47(5):799–805.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
- Hubal MJ, Gordish-Dressman H, Thompson PD, et al. Variability in muscle size and strength gain after unilateral resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37(6):964–72.
PubMed Google Scholar
- Higgins JP. Commentary: Heterogeneity in meta-analysis should be expected and appropriately quantified. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37(5):1158–60.
Article PubMed Google Scholar