Post-nasal devoicing and the blurring process | Journal of Linguistics | Cambridge Core (original) (raw)

References

Adelaar, Willem F. H. 1977. Tarma Quechua: Grammar, texts, dictionary. Lisse: The Peter de Ridder Press.Google Scholar

Ali, Latif, Daniloff, Ray & Hammarberg, Robert. 1979. Intrusive stops in nasal-fricative clusters: An aerodynamic and acoustic investigation. Phonetica 36, 85–97.Google Scholar

Anderson, Stephen R. 1981. Why phonology isn’t ‘natural’. Linguistic Inquiry 12.4, 493–539.Google Scholar

Archangeli, Diana & Pulleyblank, Douglas. 1994. Grounded phonology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Bach, Emmon & Harms, Robert T.. 1972. How do languages get crazy rules? In Stockwell, Robert & Macaulay, Ronald (eds.), Linguistic change and generative theory, 1–21. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar

Barnes, Jonathan. 2002. Positional neutralization: A phonologization approach to typological patterns. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar

Bartholomae, Christian. 1961. Altiranisches Wörterbuch. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Becker, Michael, Ketrez, Nihan & Nevins, Andrew. 2011. The surfeit of the stimulus: Analytic biases filter lexical statistics in Turkish laryngeal alternations. Language 87.1, 84–125.Google Scholar

Beddor, Patrice S. 2009. A coarticulatory path to sound change. Language 85.4, 785–821.Google Scholar

Beguš, Gašper. 2017. Effects of ejective stops on preceding vowel duration. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 142.4, 2168–2184.Google Scholar

Beguš, Gašper. 2018. Unnatural phonology: A synchrony-diachrony interface approach. Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.Google Scholar

Beguš, Gašper & Nazarov, Aleksei. 2017. Lexicon against naturalness: Unnatural gradient phonotactic restrictions and their origins. Ms., University of Washington, University of Toronto.Google Scholar

Beguš, Gašper & Nazarov, Aleksei. To appear. Gradient trends against phonetic naturalness: The case of Tarma Quechua. In Sherry Hucklebridge & Max Nelson (eds.), Proceedings of the 48th Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society. Amherst, MA: GLSA.Google Scholar

Bell, Alan. 1970. A state-process approach to syllabicity and syllabic structure. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University.Google Scholar

Bell, Alan. 1971. Some patterns of the occurrence and formation of syllabic structure. Working Papers on Language Universals 6, 23–138.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 2004. Evolutionary phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 2007. The importance of typology in explaining recurrent sound patterns. Linguistic Typology 11, 107–113.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 2008a. Consonant epenthesis: Natural and unnatural histories. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Language universals and language change, 79–107. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 2008b. Natural and unnatural sound patterns: A pocket field guide. In Willems, Klaas & De Cuypere, Ludovic (eds.), Naturalness and iconicity in language, 121–148. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette. 2013. Evolutionary Phonology: A holistic approach to sound change typology. In Honeybone, Patrick & Salmons, Joseph (eds.), Handbook of historical phonology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Blevins, Juliette & Garrett, Andrew. 1998. The origins of consonant-vowel metathesis. Language 74.3, 508–556.Google Scholar

Blust, Robert. 1974. A Murik vocabulary, with a note on the linguistic position of Murik. The Sarawak Museum Journal 22.43, 153–189.Google Scholar

Blust, Robert. 2005. Must sound change be linguistically motivated? Diachronica 22.2, 219–269.Google Scholar

Blust, Robert. 2013. The Austronesian languages. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics.Google Scholar

Blust, Robert. 2017. Odd conditions: Context-sensitive sound change in unexpected contexts. Journal of Historical Linguistics 7.3, 322–371.Google Scholar

Browman, Catherine P. & Goldstein, Louis. 1992. Articulatory phonology: An overview. Phonetica 49, 155–180.Google Scholar

Brown, Jason. 2017. Postnasal devoicing in Nasioi. Oceanic Linguistics 56.1, 267–277.Google Scholar

Bruck, Anthony, Fox, Robert A. & LaGaly, Michael W. (eds.). 1974. Papers from the Parasession on Natural Phonology. Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistic Society.Google Scholar

Buckley, Eugene. 2000. On the naturalness of unnatural rules. Proceedings from the Second Workshop on American Indigenous Languages. UCSB Working Papers in Linguistics 9, 1–14.Google Scholar

Burkard, Monja & Dziallas, Kristina. 2018. Final /d/ in the varieties of Madrid, Barcelona and Seville: Regional and stylistic variation. In Belz, Malte, Mooshammer, Christine, Fuchs, Susanne, Jannedy, Stefanie, Rasskazova, Oksana & Żygis, Marzena (eds.), Proceedings of the Conference on Phonetics & Phonology in German-speaking Countries 13. Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.Google Scholar

Burkhardt, Jürgen M.2014. The reconstruction of the phonology of Proto-Berawan. Ph.D. dissertation, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität zu Frankfurt am Main.Google Scholar

Busà, M. Grazia. 2007. Coarticulatory nasalization and phonological developments: Data from Italian and English nasal-fricative sequences. In Solé, Maria-Josep & Speeter, Patrice (eds.), Experimental approaches to phonology, 155–174. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Bybee, Joan. 2001. Phonology and language use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Carpenter, Angela C. 2010. A naturalness bias in learning stress. Phonology 27.3, 345–392.Google Scholar

Catford, John C. 1972. Labialization in Caucasian languages, with special reference to Abkhaz. In Rigault, André & Charbonneau, René (eds.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, 679–682. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar

Catford, John C.1974. Natural sound changes: Some questions of directionality and diachronic phonetics. In Bruck et al. (eds.), 21–29.Google Scholar

Cathcart, Chundra A. 2015. A probabilistic model of Evolutionary Phonology. In Bui, Thuy & Özyıldz, Deniz (eds.), Proceedings of the Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society, 145–150. Amherst, MA: GLSA. Volume 1.Google Scholar

Chen, Matthew Y.1974. Natural phonology from the diachronic vantage point. In Bruck et al. (eds.), 21–29.Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam & Halle, Morris. 1968. The sound pattern of English. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar

Coetzee, Andries W., Lin, Susan & Pretorius, Rigardt. 2007. Post-nasal devoicing in Tswana. In Trouvain, Jürgen & Barry, William J. (eds.), 16th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, 861–864. Saarbrücken.Google Scholar

Coetzee, Andries W. & Pretorius, Rigardt. 2010. Phonetically grounded phonology and sound change: The case of Tswana labial plosives. Journal of Phonetics 38, 404–421.Google Scholar

Cohn, Abigail C. 2006. Is there gradient phonology? In Fanselow, G., Féry, C. & Schlesewsky, M. (eds.), Gradience in grammar: Generative perspectives, 25–44. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Davidson, Lisa. 2016. Variability in the implementation of voicing in American English obstruents. Journal of Phonetics 54, 35–50.Google Scholar

Davidson, Lisa. 2017. Phonation and laryngeal specification in American English voiceless obstruents. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 1–26.Google Scholar

Dickens, Patrick J. 1984. The history of so-called strengthening in Tswana. Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 6, 97–125.Google Scholar

Dixon, Robert M. W. 1977. A grammar of Yidin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Donegan, Patricia J. & Stampe, David. 1979. The study of natural phonology. In Dinnsen, Daniel (ed.), Current approaches to phonological theory, 126–173. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar

Dressler, Wolfgang.1974. Diachronic puzzles for natural phonology. In Bruck et al. (1974), 21–29.Google Scholar

Fenwick, Rohan S. H. 2011. A grammar of Ubykh. Munich: Lincom Europa.Google Scholar

Ferry, Marie-Paule. 1991. Thesaurus tenda: Dictionnaire ethnolinguistique de langues sénégalo-guinnéennes (Bassari, Bedik, Konyagi) (Langues et cultures africaines), Paris: Société des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France.Google Scholar

Fourakis, Marios & Port, Robert. 1986. Stop epenthesis in English. Journal of Phonetics 14.2, 197–221.Google Scholar

Fruehwald, Josef. 2016. The early influence of phonology on a phonetic change. Language 92.2, 376–410.Google Scholar

Garrett, Andrew. 2015. Sound change. In Bowern, Claire & Evans, Bethwyn (eds.), The Routledge handbook of historical linguistics, 227–248. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Garrett, Andrew & Johnson, Keith. 2013. Phonetic bias in sound change. In Yu (ed.), 51–97.Google Scholar

Goddard, Ives. 2007. Phonetically unmotivated sound change. In Nussbaum, Alan J. (ed.), Verba docenti: Studies in historical and Indo-European linguistics presented to Jay H. Jasanoff by students, colleagues and friends, 115–130. Ann Arbor, MI: Beech Stave Press.Google Scholar

Goldsmith, John. 1976. Autosegmental phonology. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Google Scholar

Gouskova, Maria, Zsiga, Elizabeth & Boyer, One Tlale. 2011. Grounded constraints and the consonants of Setswana. Lingua 121.15, 2120–2152.Google Scholar

Greenberg, Joseph H. 1978. Diachrony, synchrony, and language universals. In Greenberg, Joseph H. (ed.), Universals of human language, 61–92. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Volume I: Method & Theory.Google Scholar

Guion, Susan G.1996. Velar palatalization: Coarticulation, perception, and sound change. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.Google Scholar

Hall, T. Alan. 2007. Segmental features. In de Lacy, Paul (ed.), The Cambridge handbook of phonology, 311–333. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hamed, Mahé B. & Flavier, Sébastien. 2009. Unidia: A database for deriving diachronic universals. In Dufresne, Monique, Dupuis, Fernande & Vocaj, Etleva (eds.), Historical linguistics 2007: Selected papers from the 18th International conference on historical linguistics, Montreal, August 2007, 6–11. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Hansson, Gunnar. 2008. Diachronic explanations of sound patterns. Language & Linguistics Compass 2, 859–893.Google Scholar

Hay, Jennifer B., Pierrehumbert, Janet B., Walker, Abby J. & LaShell, P.. 2015. Tracking word frequency effects through 130 years of sound change. Cognition 139, 83–91.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce. 1995. Metrical stress theory: Principles and case studies. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce. 1999. Phonetically-driven phonology: The role of Optimality Theory and inductive grounding. In Darnell, Michael & Moravscik, Edith (eds.), Functionalism and formalism in linguistics, volume i: General papers, 243–285. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce. 2004. Phonological acquisition in Optimality Theory: The early stages. In Kager, R., Pater, J. & Zonneveld, W. (eds.), Constraints in phonological acquisition, 153–208. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce, Siptár, Péter, Zuraw, Kie & Londe, Zsuzsa. 2009. Natural and unnatural constraints in Hungarian vowel harmony. Language 85.4, 822–863.Google Scholar

Hayes, Bruce & White, James. 2013. Phonological naturalness and phonotactic learning. Linguistic Inquiry 44.1, 45–75.Google Scholar

Hellberg, Staffan. 1978. Unnatural phonology. Journal of Linguistics 14.2, 157–177.Google Scholar

Herbert, Robert K. 1986. Language universals, markedness theory, and natural phonetic processes. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Hock, Hans H. 1991. Principles of historical linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar

Hurd, Conrad & Hurd, Phyllis. 1970. Nasioi verbs. Oceanic Linguistics 9, 37–78.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry M. 1972. Nasals and nasalization in Kwa. Studies in African Linguistics 4, 167–206.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry M. 1975. Phonology: Theory and analysis. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry M. 1976. Phonologization. In Juilland, A. (ed.), Linguistic studies presented to Joseph H. Greenberg, 407–418. Saratoga, CA: Anna Libri.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry M. 2001. The limits of phonetic determinism in phonology: *NC revisited. In Hume, Elizabeth & Johnson, Keith (eds.), The role of speech perception in phonology, 141–186. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry M.2013. Enlarging the scope of phonologization. In Yu (2013), 3–28.Google Scholar

Hyman, Larry M. & Schuh, Russell G.. 1974. Universals of tone rules: Evidence from West Africa. Linguistic Inquiry 5.1, 81–115.Google Scholar

Iverson, Gregory K. & Salmons, Joseph C.. 2011. Final devoicing and final laryngeal neutralization. In van Oostendorp, Marc, Ewen, Colin J., Hume, Elizabeth & Rice, Keren (eds.), The Blackwell companion to phonology: Suprasegmental and prosodic phonology, 1622–1643. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. Volume 2.Google Scholar

Janson, Tore. 1991/1992. Southern Bantu and Makua. Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika 12/13, 1–44.Google Scholar

Janssens, Baudouin. 1993. Doubles réflexes consonantiques: quatre études sur le bantou de zone a (bubi, nen, bafia, ewondo). Ph.D. dissertation, Université libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres, Bruxelles.Google Scholar

de Jong, Kenneth. 1991. An articulatory study of consonant-induced vowel duration changes in English. Phonetica 48.1, 1–17.Google Scholar

de Jong, Kenneth. 2004. Stress, lexical focus, and segmental focus in English: Patterns of variation in vowel duration. Journal of Phonetics 32.4, 493–516.Google Scholar

Kaplan, Abby. 2008. Perceptual, articulatory, and systemic influences on lenition. Ms., University of California, Santa Cruz.Google Scholar

Kaplan, Abby. 2010. Phonology shaped by phonetics: The case of intervocalic lenition. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Santa Cruz.Google Scholar

Katzir Cozier, Franz. 2008. The role of perception in phonotactic constraints: Evidence from Trinidad English. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Google Scholar

Kenstowicz, Michael J. & Kisseberth, Charles W.. 1977. Topics in phonological theory. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Kent, Raymond D., Carney, Patrick J. & Severeid, Larry R.. 1974. Velar movement and timing: Evaluation of a model for binary control. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research 17.3, 470–488.Google Scholar

Kent, Raymond D. & Moll, Kenneth L.. 1969. Vocal tract characteristics of the stop consonants. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 46.6, 1549–1555.Google Scholar

Keyser, Samuel J. & Stevens, Kenneth N.. 2001. Enhancement revisited. In Kenstowicz, Michael (ed.), Ken hale: A life in language, 271–291. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Keyser, Samuel J. & Stevens, Kenneth N.. 2006. Enhancement and overlap in the speech chain. Language 82.1, 33–63.Google Scholar

Kingston, John & Diehl, Randy L.. 1994. Phonetic knowledge. Language 70.3, 419–454.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 1971. Historical linguistics. In Dingwall, William O. (ed.), A survey of linguistic science, 576–642. College Park: University of Maryland Linguistics Program.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 1973. Abstractness, opacity, and global rules. In Fujimura, Osamu (ed.), Three dimensions of linguistic theory, 57–86. Tokyo: TEC.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 1995. The phonological basis of sound change. In Goldsmith, John (ed.), Handbook of phonological theory, 640–670. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 2006. Amphichronic program vs. Evolutionary Phonology. Theoretical Linguistics 32.2, 217–236.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 2008. Universals constrain change, change results in typological generalizations. In Good, Jeff (ed.), Linguistic universals and language change, 23–53. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Kiparsky, Paul. 2015. Stratal OT: A synopsis and FAQs. In Hsiao, Yuchau E. & Wee, Lian-Hee (eds.), Capturing phonological shades within and across languages, 2–44. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Google Scholar

Kirchner, Robert. 2000. Geminate inalterability and lenition. Language 76.3, 509–545.Google Scholar

Kümmel, Martin. 2007. Konsonantenwandel. Wiesbaden: Reichert.Google Scholar

Labov, William. 1994. Principles of linguistic change, vols 1 & 2. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

de Lacy, Paul. 2002. The formal expression of markedness. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.Google Scholar

de Lacy, Paul & Kingston, John. 2013. Synchronic explanation. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 31.2, 287–355.Google Scholar

Ladefoged, Peter & Maddieson, Ian. 1996. The sounds of the world’s languages. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Lapierre, Myriam. 2018. A sound change from ND to NT: Post-oralized and devoiced nasals in Panará (Jê). Ms., University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar

Lass, Roger. 1997. Historical linguistics and language change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Lindblom, Björn. 1986. Phonetic universals in vowel systems. In Ohala, John J. & Jaeger, Jeri J. (eds.), Experimental phonology, 13–44. Orlando: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Lindblom, Björn. 1990. Explaining phonetic variation: A sketch of the H&H theory. In Hardcastle, William J. & Marchai, Alain (eds.), Speech production and speech modelling, 403–439. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar

Lindblom, Björn, Guion, Susan, Hura, Susan, Moon, Seung-Jae & Willerman, Raquel. 1995. Is sound change adaptive? Rivista di Linguistica 7, 5–36.Google Scholar

Maddieson, Ian. 1984. Patterns of sounds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Makalela, Leketi. 2009. Harmonizing South African Sotho language varieties: Lessons from reading proficiency assessment. International Multilingual Research Journal 3.2, 120–133.Google Scholar

McCarthy, John. 2008. The serial interaction of stress and syncope. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 26, 499–546.Google Scholar

Merrill, John. 2014. A historical account of the Fula and Sereer consonant mutation and noun class systems. Ms., University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar

Merrill, John. 2016a. Consonant mutation and initial prominence: The historical loss of lexical contrastiveness. Talk presented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, Washington, DC, January 7–10, 2016.Google Scholar

Merrill, John. 2016b. Konyagi post-nasal devoicing? Ms., University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar

Mills, Frederick R.1975. Proto South Sulawesi and Proto Austronesian phonology. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar

Moll, Kenneth L. & Daniloff, Raymond G.. 1971. Investigation of the timing of velar movements during speech. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 50.2B, 678–684.Google Scholar

Moreton, Elliott. 2008. Analytic bias and phonological typology. Phonology 25.1, 83–127.Google Scholar

Moreton, Elliott & Pater, Joe. 2012a. Structure and substance in artificial-phonology learning. Part I, Structure. Language & Linguistics Compass 6.11, 686–701.Google Scholar

Moreton, Elliott & Pater, Joe. 2012b. Structure and substance in artificial-phonology learning. Part II, Substance. Language & Linguistics Compass 6.11, 702–718.Google Scholar

Morley, Rebecca L. 2012. The emergence of epenthesis: An incremental model of grammar change. Language Dynamics and Change 2, 59–97.Google Scholar

Morley, Rebecca L. 2014. Implications of an exemplar-theoretic model of phoneme genesis: A velar palatalization case study. Language and Speech 57.1, 3–41.Google Scholar

Morley, Rebecca L. 2015. Can phonological universals be emergent? Modeling the space of sound change, lexical distribution, and hypothesis selection. Language 91.2, e40–e70.Google Scholar

Mouguiama-Daouda, P. 1990. Esquisse d’une phonologie diachronique du mpongwe. Pholia 5, 121–146.Google Scholar

Myers, Scott. 2002. Gaps in factorial typology: the case of voicing in consonant clusters. Ms., University of Texas, Austin. [ROA]Google Scholar

Nazarov, Aleksei. 2008. Stop voicing in Tarma Quechua. Ms., Leiden University.Google Scholar

Nikulin, Andrey. 2017. A phonological reconstruction of Proto-Cerrado (Jê family). Journal of Language Relationship 15.3, 147–180.Google Scholar

Noorduyn, Jacobus. 2012/1955. The Bugis language. In Macknight, Campbell (ed.), Bugis and Makasar: Two short grammars, 33–55. Canberra: Karuda Press. Translated by Campbell Macknight.Google Scholar

Novák, L’ubomír. 2010. Jaghnóbsko-český slovník s přehledem jaghnóbské grammatiky. Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Filozofická fakulta.Google Scholar

Novák, L’ubomír. 2013. Problem of archaism and innovation in the Eastern Iranian languages. Ph.D. dissertation, Charles University in Prague.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 1981. The listener as a source of sound change. In Masek, Carrie S., Hendrick, Roberta A. & Miller, Mary Frances (eds.), Papers from the parasession on language and behavior, 178–203. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 1983. The origin of sound patterns in vocal tract constraints. In MacNeilage, Peter F. (ed.), The production of speech, 189–216. New York: Springer.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 1989. Sound change is drawn from a pool of synchronic variation. In Breivik, L. E. & Jahr, E. H. (eds.), Language change: Contributions to the study of its causes, 173–198. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 1993. The phonetics of sound change. In Jones, Charles (ed.), Historical linguistics: Problems and perspectives, 237–278. London: Longman.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 1997. Emergent stops. Proceedings of the 4th Seoul International Conference on Linguistics (SICOL), 84–91. Seoul: Linguistic Society of Korea.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 2006. Speech aerodynamics. In Brown, Keith (ed.), Encyclopedia of language & linguistics, 2nd edn, 684–689. Oxford: Elsevier.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. 2011. Accommodation to the aerodynamic voicing constraint and its phonological relevance. Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences 17, 64–67.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. & Ohala, Manjari. 1993. The phonetics of nasal phonology: Theorems and data. In Huffman, Marie K. & Krakow, Rena A. (eds.), Nasals, nasalization, and the velum, 225–249. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Ohala, John J. & Riordan, Carol J.. 1979. Passive vocal tract enlargement during voiced stops. In Wolf, J. J. & Klatt, D. H. (eds.), Speech communication papers, 89–92. New York: Acoustical Society of America.Google Scholar

Onishi, Masayuki. 2011. A grammar of Motuna. Munich: Lincom Europa.Google Scholar

Pater, Joe. 1999. Austronesian nasal substitution and other NC effects. In Kager, René & van, Harry (eds.), The prosody-morphology interface, 310–343. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Pater, Joe & Tessier, Anne-Michelle. 2006. L1 phonotactic knowledge and the l2 acquisition of alternations. In Slabakova, Roumyana, Montrul, Silvina A. & Prévost, Philippe (eds.), Inquiries in linguistic development: Studies in honor of Lydia White, 115–131. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar

Paul, Daniel, Abbess, Elisabeth, Müller, Katja, Tiessen, Calvin & Tiessen, Gabriela. 2010. The ethnolinguistic vitality of Yaghnobi. In SIL Electronic Survey Report 2010-017, May 2010, SIL International. www-01.sil.org/silesr/2010/silesr2010-017.pdf (accessed 23 August 2017).Google Scholar

Picard, Marc. 1994. Principles and methods in historical phonology: From Proto-Algonkian to Arapaho. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.Google Scholar

Pierrehumbert, Janet. 2001. Exemplar dynamics: Word frequency, lenition, and contrast. In Bybee, Joan L. & Hopper, Paul J. (eds.), Frequency effects and the emergence of lexical structure, 137–157. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Prince, Alan & Smolensky, Paul. 1993/2004. Optimality Theory: Constraint interaction in generative grammar. Malden, MA: Blackwell. First published in Tech. Rep. 2, Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science.Google Scholar

Pucilowski, Anna. 2013. Topics in ho morphophonology and morphosyntax. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oregon.Google Scholar

Puente Baldoceda, Blas. 1977. Fonología del quechua tarmeño. Lima: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Centro de Investigación de Lingüística Aplicada.Google Scholar

Pullum, Geoffrey K. 1976. The Duke of York gambit. Journal of Linguistics 12, 83–102.Google Scholar

Recasens, Daniel. 2012. The phonetic implementation of underlying and epenthetic stops in word final clusters in Valencian Catalan. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 42.1, 65–90.Google Scholar

Rensch, Calvin R., Rensch, Carolyn M., Noeb, Jonas & Ridu, Robert S.. 2006. The Bidayuh language: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Kuching, Sarawak: Dayak Bidayuh National Association.Google Scholar

Rohlfs, Gerhard. 1949. Lautlehre. Historische Grammatik der Italienischen Sprache und ihrer Mundarten, vol. 1. Bern: Francke.Google Scholar

Rothenberg, Martin. 1968. The breath-stream dynamics of simple-released-plosive production. Basel: S. Karger.Google Scholar

Ruhlen, Merritt. 1975. A guide to languages of the world. Stanford, CA: Language Universals Project.Google Scholar

Santos, Rosine. 1996. Le mey: langue ouest-atlantique de Guinée. Paris: Université Paris III.Google Scholar

Simons, Gary F. & Fennig, Charles D. (eds.). 2018. Ethnologue: Languages of the world, 21st edn. Dallas, TX: SIL International. www.ethnologue.com (accessed 13 October 2018).Google Scholar

Sims-Williams, Nicholas. 1987. Sogdian. In Schmitt, Rüdiger (ed.), Compendium linguarum iranicarum, 173–192. Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert Verlag.Google Scholar

Solé, Maria-Josep. 2007. Controlled and mechanical properties in speech: A review of the literature. In Solé, Maria-Josep & Beddor, Patrice (eds.), Experimental approaches to phonology, 302–321. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Solé, Maria-Josep. 2012. Natural and unnatural patterns of sound change?In Solé, Maria-Josep & Recasens, Daniel (eds.), The initiation of sound change: Perception, production, and social factors, 123–145. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar

Solé, Maria-Josep, Hyman, Larry M. & Monaka, Kemmonye C.. 2010. More on post-nasal devoicing: The case of Shekgalagari. Journal of Phonetics 38.4, 299–319.Google Scholar

Stampe, David. 1973. A dissertation on natural phonology. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago.Google Scholar

Stanton, Juliet. 2016a. Effects of allophonic vowel nasalization on NC clusters: A contrast-based analysis. In Hammerly, Christopher & Prickett, Brandon (eds.), Proceedings of the 46th Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society, 193–206. Amherst, MA: GLSA. Volume 3.Google Scholar

Stanton, Juliet. 2016b. Predicting distributional restrictions on prenasalized stops. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 34.3, 1089–1133.Google Scholar

Stanton, Juliet. 2018a. Constraints on contrast motivate nasal cluster dissimilation. Ms., New York University.Google Scholar

Stanton, Juliet. 2018b. Environmental shielding is contrast preservation. Phonology 35, 39–78.Google Scholar

Stausland Johnsen, Sverre. 2012. A diachronic account of phonological unnaturalness. Phonology 29, 505–531.Google Scholar

Steriade, Donca. 1993. Closure, release, and nasal contours. In Huffman, Marie K. & Krakow, Rena A. (eds.), Phonetics and phonology. Volume 5: Nasals, nasalization, and the velum, 401–470. San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar

Steriade, Donca. 1997. Phonetics in phonology: The case of laryngeal neutralization. Ms., University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar

Tesar, Bruce & Smolensky, Paul. 2000. Learnability in Optimality Theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar

Wang, William S.-y. 1968. Vowel features, paired variables, and the English vowel shift. Language 44.4, 695–708.Google Scholar

Warner, Natasha & Weber, Andrea. 2001. Perception of epenthetic stops. Journal of Phonetics 29.1, 53–87.Google Scholar

Wedel, Andrew. 2012. Lexical contrast maintenance and the organization of sublexical contrast systems. Language and Cognition 4.4, 319–355.Google Scholar

Wedel, Andrew, Kaplan, Abby & Jackson, Scott. 2013. High functional load inhibits phonological contrast loss: A corpus study. Cognition 128.2, 179–186.Google Scholar

Westbury, John R. & Keating, Patricia A.. 1986. On the naturalness of stop consonant voicing. Journal of Linguistics 22.1, 145–166.Google Scholar

Whatmough, Joshua. 1937. The development of Indo-European labiovelars. Acta Jutlandica 9, 45–56.Google Scholar

White, James. 2013. Bias in phonological learning: Evidence from saltation. Ph.D. dissertation, UCLA.Google Scholar

White, James. 2017. Accounting for the learnability of saltation in phonological theory: A maximum entropy model with a P-map bias. Language 93.1, 1–36.Google Scholar

Wilson, Colin. 2006. Learning phonology with substantive bias: An experimental and computational study of velar palatalization. Cognitive Science 30, 945–982.Google Scholar

Xromov, Al’bert. 1987. Jagnobskij jazyk. Osnovy iranskogo jazykoznanija: Novoiranskie jazyki: vostočnaja gruppa, 644–701. Moscow: Nauka.Google Scholar

Yoo, Isaiah WonHo & Blankenship, Barbara. 2003. Duration of epenthetic [t] in polysyllabic American English words. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33.2, 153–164.Google Scholar

Yu, Alan C. L. 2004. Explaining final obstruent voicing in Lezgian: Phonetics and history. Language 80, 73–97.Google Scholar

Yu, Alan C. L.(ed.). 2013. Origins of sound change: Approaches to phonologization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Zsiga, Elizabeth, Gouskova, Maria & Tlale, One. 2006. On the status of voiced stops in Tswana: Against *ND. In Davis, Christopher & Rose, Amy (eds.), Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society, 721–734. Amherst, MA: GLSA.Google Scholar