Molecular phylogeographic studies on Paragonimus westermani in Asia | Journal of Helminthology | Cambridge Core (original) (raw)

Abstract

The lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani (Kerbert, 1878), is widely distributed in Asia, and exhibits much variation in its biological properties. Previous phylogenetic studies using DNA sequences have demonstrated that samples from north-east Asia form a tight group distinct from samples from south Asia (Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia). Among countries from the latter region, considerable molecular diversity was observed. This was investigated further using additional DNA sequences (partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the second internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal gene repeat (ITS2)) from additional samples of P. westermani. Phylogenies inferred from these again found three or four groups within P. westermani, depending on the method of analysis. Populations of P. westermani from north-east Asia use snail hosts of the family Pleuroceridae and differ in other biological properties from populations in south Asia (that use snail hosts of the family Thiaridae). It is considered that the populations we sampled can be divided into two species, one in north-east Asia and the other in south Asia.

References

Agatsuma, T., Lai, K., Ow-Yang, C.K., Habe, S., Sugiyama, H., Hirai, H. & Kawashima, K. (1993) Genetic differentiation between Malaysian and other Asian Paragonimus westermani . Tropical Biomedicine 10, 45–52.Google Scholar

Blair, D., Agatsuma, T., Watanobe, T., Okamoto, M. & Ito, A. (1997) Geographical genetic structure within the human lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani, detected from DNA sequences. Parasitology 115, 411–417.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Blair, D., Zhi-Biao, Xu. & Agatsuma, T. (1999) Paragonimiasis and genus Paragonimus . Advances in Parasitology 42, 114–172.Google ScholarPubMed

Bowles, J., Blair, D. & McManus, D.P. (1992) Genetic variants within the genus Echinococcus identified by mitochondrial DNA sequencing. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 54, 165–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bowles, J., Hope, M., Tiu, W.U., Liu, X.S. & McManus, D.P. (1993) Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers highly conserved between Chinese and Philippine Schistosoma japonicum . Acta Tropica 55, 217–229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bowles, J., Blair, D. & McManus, D.P. (1995) A molecular phylogeny of the human schistosomes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 4, 103–109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Davis, G.M., Chen, C.E., Kang, Z.B. & Liu, Y.Y. (1994) Snail hosts of Paragonimus in Asia and the Americas. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 7, 369–382.Google ScholarPubMed

Despres, L., Imbert-Establet, D., Combes, C. & Bonhomme, F. (1992) Molecular evidence linking hominid evolution to recent radiation of schistosomes (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 1, 295–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Felsenstein, J. (1989) PHYLIP-phylogeny inference package, version 3.572. Cladistics 5, 164–166.Google Scholar

Garey, J.R. & Wolstenholme, D.R. (1989) Platyhelminth mitochondrial DNA: evidence for early evolutionary origin of a tRNA ser AGN that contains a dihydrouridine-arm replacement loop, and of serine-specifying AGA and AGG codons. Journal of Molecular Evolution 28, 374–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Habe, S.(1987) Experimental infection of mammals with Malaysian P. westermani. pp. 29–48 in Kawashima, K. (Ed.) Paragonimus in Asia: biology, genetic variation and speciation . Paragonimus Research Report No. 1, Kyushu University of Health Sciences, Fukuoka.Google Scholar

Hashimoto, K., Watanobe, T., Liu., C.X., Init, I., Blair, D., Ohnishi, T. & Agatsuma, T. (1997) Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA indicate that the Japanese Fasciola species is F. gigantica . Parasitology Research 83, 220–225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kumar, S., Tamura, K. & Nei, M.(1993) MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis) ver. 1.01. Pennsylvania State University.Google Scholar

Miyazaki, I. (1956) Re-examination of _Paragonimus macacae_Sandosham, 1953, most probably a synonym of P. westermani (Trematoda: Troglotrematidea). Medicine and Biology 40, 35–38.Google Scholar

Miyazaki, I. (1978) Two types of lung fluke which has been called Paragonimus westermani (Kerbert, 1878). Medical Bulletin of Fukuoka University 5, 251–263.Google Scholar

Miyazaki, I. (1981) Taxonomical studies of the lung fluke occurring in Philippines. Medical Bulletin of Fukuoka University 8, 153–158.Google Scholar

Miyazaki, I.(1991) Helminthic zoonoses . Tokyo, International Medical Foundation of Japan.Google Scholar

Miyazaki, I. & Chiu, J.K. (1980) Examination of the so-called ‘_Paragonimus westermani_’ in Taiwan. Medical Bulletin of Fukuoka University 7, 277–279.Google Scholar

Miyazaki, I. & Habe, S. (1979) Paragonimus westermani filipinus Miyazaki, 1978, stat. n. occurring at Jaro, Leyte, The Philippines. Medical Bulletin of Fukuoka University 6, 447–462.Google Scholar

Morgan, J.A. & Blair, D. (1995) Nuclear rDNA ITS sequence variation in the trematode genus Echinostoma: an aid to establishing relationships within the 37-collar-spine group. Parasitology 111, 609–615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ohama, T., Owasa, S., Watanabe, K. & Jukes, T.H. (1990) Evolution of the mitochondrial genetic code IV. AAA as an asparagine codon in some animal mitochondria. Journal of Molecular Evolution 30, 329–332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed