The Hopelessness Theory of Depression: A Test of the Diathesis–Stress and Causal Mediation Components in Third and Seventh Grade Children (original) (raw)
REFERENCES
Abela, J. R. Z. (1997). The children's cognitive style questionnaire. Unpublished questionnaire, McGill University.
Abela, J. R. Z., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2000). Priming of cognitive vulnerabilities to depression: A test of the diathesis-stress component of the hopelessness theory. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Abramson, L. Y., & Alloy, L. B. (1992). A consensus conference without our consensus. Psychological Inquiry, 3, 225–228. Google Scholar
Abramson, L. Y., Alloy, L. B., & Metalsky, G. I. (1995). Hopelessness depression. In G. M. Buchanan & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Explanatory style (pp. 113–134). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum. Google Scholar
Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. L., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness depression: A theory based subtype of depression. Psychological Review, 96, 358–372. Google Scholar
Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E. P., & Teasdale, J. (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 49–74. Google Scholar
Allgood-Merten, B., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Hops, H. (1990). Sex differences and adolescent depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 55–63. Google Scholar
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182. Google Scholar
Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Harper & Row. Google Scholar
Campbell, S. B. (1998). Developmental perspectives. In T. H. Ollendick & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of child psychopathology (3rd ed., pp. 3–35). New York: Plenum. Google Scholar
Coddington, R. D. (1972). The significance of life events as the etiologic factors in the diseases of children. II: A study of a normal population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 16, 205–213. Google Scholar
Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Google Scholar
Cole, D. A. & Turner, J. E., Jr. (1993). Models of cognitive mediation and moderation in child depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 271–281. Google Scholar
Digdon, N., & Gotlib, I. H. (1985). Developmental considerations in the study of childhood depression. Developmental Review, 5, 162–199. Google Scholar
Dixon, J. F., & Ahrens, A. H. (1992). Stress and attributional styles as predictors of self-reported depression in children. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, 623–634. Google Scholar
Dobson, K. (1989). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of cognitive therapy for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 414–419. Google Scholar
Gladstone, T. R. G., & Kaslow, N. J. (1995). Depression and attributions in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 597–606. Google Scholar
Haaga, D. A., Dyck, M. J., & Ernst, D. (1991). Empirical status of cognitive theory of depression. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 215–236. Google Scholar
Hammen, C. L., Adrian, C., & Hiroto, D. (1988). A longitudinal test of the attributional vulnerability model of depression in children at risk for depression. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27, 37–46. Google Scholar
Hammen, C. L., & Gotlib, I. H. (1992). Psychological aspects of depression. New York: Wiley. Google Scholar
Hilsman, R., & Garber, J. (1995). A test of the cognitive diathesis-stress model of depression in children: Academic stressors, attributional style, perceived competence, and control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 370–380. Google Scholar
Jaycox, L. H., Reivich, K. J., Gillham, J., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1994). Prevention of depressive symptoms in school children. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 801–816. Google Scholar
Joiner, T. E., & Wagner, K. D. (1995). Attributional style and depression in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 15, 777–798. Google Scholar
Kanner, A. D., Feldman, S. S., Weinberger, D. A., & Ford, M. E. (1987). Uplifts, hassles, and adaptational outcomes in early adolescents. Journal of Early Adolescence, 7, 371–394. Google Scholar
Kazdin, A. E., French, N. H., Unis, A. S., Esveldt-Dawson, K., & Sherick, R. B. (1983). Hopelessness, depression, and suicidal intent among psychiatrically disturbed inpatient children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 504–510. Google Scholar
Kovacs, M. (1981). Rating scales to assess depression in school children. Acta Paedopsychiatrica, 46, 305–315. Google Scholar
Kovacs, M. (1983). The Children's Depression Inventory: A self-rated depression scale for school-aged youngsters. Unpublished manuscript, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh. Google Scholar
Kutcher, S. P., & Marton, P. (1989). Parameters of adolescent depression: A review. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 12, 895–932. Google Scholar
Lewinsohn, P., Rohde, P., Seeley, J., & Fischer, S. (1993). Age-cohort changes in the lifetime occurrence of depression and other mental disorders, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 110–120. Google Scholar
Metalsky, G. I., & Joiner, T. E., Jr. (1992). Vulnerability to depressive symptomatology: A prospective test of the diathesis-stress and causal mediation components of the hopelessness theory of depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 667–675. Google Scholar
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Girgus, J. S., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1986). Learned helplessness in children: A longitudinal study of depression, achievement, and attributional style. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 435–442. Google Scholar
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Girgus, J. S., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1992). Predictors and consequences of childhood depressive symptoms: A five-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 405–422. Google Scholar
Panak, W. F., & Garber, J. (1992). Role of aggression, rejection, and attributions in the prediction of depression in children. Development and Psychopathology, 1992, 145–165. Google Scholar
Reich, T., Van Eerdewegh, P., Rice, J., Mullaney, J., Klerman, G., & Endicott, J. (1987). The family transmission of primary depressive disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 21, 613–624. Google Scholar
Rosenthal, R. (1984). Meta-analytic procedures for social research. London: Sage. Google Scholar
Robinson, N. S., Garber, J., & Hilsman, R. (1995). Cognitions and stress: Direct and moderating effects on depressive versus externalizing symptoms during the junior high school transition. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 453–463. Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E. P., Peterson, C., Kaslow, N. J., Tenenbaum, R. L., Alloy, L. B., & Abramson, L. Y. (1984). Attributional style and depressive symptoms among children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 235–241. Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E. P., Reivich, K., Jaycox, L., & Gillham, J. (1995). The optimistic child. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Google Scholar
Turner, J. E., & Cole, D. A. (1994). Developmental differences in cognitive diatheses in child depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1994, 15–32. Google Scholar