Diet and risk of adult glioma in eastern Nebraska, United States (original) (raw)

Abstract

Objective: To investigate potential associations between diet and adult glioma. Methods: We conducted a population-based case–control study of adult glioma in eastern Nebraska. Nutrient and food group intakes were estimated for 236 glioma cases and 449 controls using information obtained from a food-frequency questionnaire. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, inverse associations with risk of adult glioma were observed for intakes of dark yellow vegetables (highest quartile versus lowest: OR = 0.6, p trend = 0.03) and beans (OR = 0.4, p trend = 0.0003), but no associations were seen for dietary sources of preformed nitrosamines or high-nitrate vegetables. Our nutrient analysis revealed significant inverse associations between risk of adult glioma and dietary intake of pro-vitamin A carotenoids (highest quartile versus lowest: OR = 0.5, p trend = 0.005), α-carotene (OR = 0.5, p trend = 0.01), β-carotene (OR = 0.5, p trend = 0.01), dietary fiber (OR = 0.6, p trend = 0.048) and fiber from beans (OR = 0.5, p trend = 0.0002). We observed no significant associations with risk of adult glioma for intakes of other nutrients or compounds including nitrate, nitrite, vitamin C, vitamin E, saturated fat, cholesterol, dietary fiber from grain products, or fiber from fruit and vegetables. Conclusion: Our study does not support the N-nitroso compound hypothesis, but suggests potential roles for carotenoids and possibly other phytochemicals in reducing risk of adult glioma.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ries L, Eisner M, Kosary C, et al., eds (2000) SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973–1997. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute.
  2. Thomas T, Inskip P (1996) Brain and other nervous system. In: Harras A, Edwards B, Blot W, Ries LG, eds. Cancer Rates and Risks. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, NIH, pp. 114–119.
    Google Scholar
  3. Inskip PD, Linet MS, Heineman EF (1995) Etiology of brain tumors in adults. Epidemiol Rev 17: 382–414.
    Google Scholar
  4. Hathcock J, ed. (1982) Nutritional Toxicology, Vol. 1. New York: Academic Press, pp. 327–381.
    Google Scholar
  5. Boeing H, Schlehofer B, Blettner M, Wahrendorf J (1993) Dietary carcinogens and the risk for glioma and meningioma in Germany. Int J Cancer 53: 561–565.
    Google Scholar
  6. Giles GG, McNeil JJ, Donnan G, et al. (1994) Dietary factors and the risk of glioma in adults: results of a case-control study in Melbourne, Australia. Int J Cancer 59: 357–362.
    Google Scholar
  7. Ahlbom A, Navier IL, Norell S, Olin R, Spannare B (1986) Nonoccupational risk indicators for astrocytomas in adults. Am J Epidemiol 124: 334–337.
    Google Scholar
  8. Blowers L, Preston-Martin S, Mack WJ (1997) Dietary and other lifestyle factors of women with brain gliomas in Los Angeles County (California, USA). Cancer Causes Control 8: 5–12.
    Google Scholar
  9. Lee M, Wrensch M, Miike R(1997) Dietary and tobacco risk factors for adult onset glioma in the San Francisco Bay Area (California, USA). Cancer Causes Control 8: 13–24.
    Google Scholar
  10. Hu J, La Vecchia C, Negri E, et al. (1999) Diet and brain cancer in adults: a case-control study in northeast China. Int J Cancer 81: 20–23.
    Google Scholar
  11. Burch JD, Craib KJ, Choi BC, et al. (1987) An exploratory case-control study of brain tumors in adults. J Natl Cancer Inst 78: 601–609.
    Google Scholar
  12. Preston-Martin S, Mack W, Henderson BE (1989) Risk factors for gliomas and meningiomas in males in Los Angeles County. Cancer Res 49: 6137–6143.
    Google Scholar
  13. Mills PK, Preston-Martin S, Annegers JF, et al. (1989) Risk factors for tumors of the brain and cranial meninges in Seventh-Day Adventists. Neuroepidemiology 8: 266–275.
    Google Scholar
  14. Hochberg F, Toniolo P, Cole P, Salcman M (1990) Nonoccupational risk indicators of glioblastoma in adults. J Neurooncol 8: 55–60.
    Google Scholar
  15. Ryan P, Lee MW, North B, McMichael AJ (1992) Risk factors for tumors of the brain and meninges: results from the Adelaide Adult Brain Tumor Study. Int J Cancer 51: 20–27.
    Google Scholar
  16. Kaplan S, Novikov I, Modan B (1997) Nutritional factors in the etiology of brain tumors: potential role of nitrosamines, fat, and cholesterol. Am J Epidemiol 146: 832–841.
    Google Scholar
  17. Hu J, Johnson KC, Mao Y, et al. (1998) Risk factors for glioma in adults: a case-control study in northeast China. Cancer Detect Prev 22: 100–108.
    Google Scholar
  18. Schwartzbaum JA, Fisher JL, Goodman J, Octaviano D, Cornwell DG (1999) Hypotheses concerning roles of dietary energy, cured meat, and serum tocopherols in adult glioma development. Neuroepidemiology 18: 156–166.
    Google Scholar
  19. Davey-Smith G, Shipley M (1989) Plasma cholesterol concentration and primary brain tumors. BMJ 299: 26–27.
    Google Scholar
  20. Neugut AI, Fink DJ, Radin D (1989) Serum cholesterol and primary brain tumours: a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 18: 798–801.
    Google Scholar
  21. Nygren C, von Holst H, Mansson JE, Fredman P (1997) Increased levels of cholesterol esters in glioma tissue and surrounding areas of human brain. Br J Neurosurg 11: 216–220.
    Google Scholar
  22. Davey-Smith G, Neaton JD, Ben-Shlomo Y, Shipley M, Wentworth D (1992) Serum cholesterol concentration and primary malignant brain tumors: a prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 135: 259–265.
    Google Scholar
  23. Knekt P, Reunanen A, Teppo L (1991) Serum cholesterol concentration and risk of primary brain tumours. BMJ 302: 90.
    Google Scholar
  24. Herrinton LJ, Friedman GD (1995) Serum cholesterol concentration and risk of brain cancer. BMJ 310: 367–368.
    Google Scholar
  25. Ward MH, Sinha R, Heineman EF, et al. (1997) Risk of adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagus with meat cooking method and doneness preference. Int J Cancer 71: 14–19.
    Google Scholar
  26. Zahm SH, Weisenburger DD, Babbitt PA, et al. (1990) A case-control study of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in eastern Nebraska. Epidemiology 1: 349–356. 654 H. Chen et al.
    Google Scholar
  27. Ward M, Zahm S, Weisenburger D, et al. (1994) Dietary factors and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Nebraska (United States). Cancer Causes Control 5: 422–432.
    Google Scholar
  28. Block G, Hartman AM, Naughton D (1990) A reduced dietary questionnaire: development and validation. Epidemiology 1: 58–64.
    Google Scholar
  29. Panalaks T, Iyengar J, Donaldson B, Miles W, Sen N (1974) Further survey of cured meat products for volatile N-nitrosamine. J Assoc Official Anal Chem 57: 806–812.
    Google Scholar
  30. Chilvers C, Inskip H, Caygill C, et al. (1984) A survey of dietary nitrate in well-water users. Int J Epidemiol 13: 324–331.
    Google Scholar
  31. Panalaks T, Iyengar JR, Sen NP (1973) Nitrate, nitrite, and dimethylnitrosamine in cured meat products. J Assoc Official Anal Chem 56: 621–625.
    Google Scholar
  32. Howe GR, Harrison L, Jain M (1986) A short diet history for assessing dietary exposure to N-nitrosamines in epidemiologic studies. Am J Epidemiol 124: 595–602.
    Google Scholar
  33. White JW, Jr (1975) Relative significance of dietary sources of nitrate and nitrite. J Agric Food Chem 23: 886–891.
    Google Scholar
  34. National Academy of Sciences (1981) The Health Effects of Nitrate, Nitrite and N-nitroso Compounds. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    Google Scholar
  35. Sinha R, Rothman N, Salmon CP, et al. (1998) Heterocyclic amine content in beef cooked by different methods to varying degrees of doneness and gravy made from meat drippings. Food Chem Toxicol 36: 279–287.
    Google Scholar
  36. Willett WC, Howe GR, Kushi LH (1997) Adjustment for total energy intake in epidemiologic studies. Am J Clin Nutr 65: 1220S-1228S; discussion 1229S-1231S.
    Google Scholar
  37. Preston-Martin S, Mack W (1991) Gliomas and meningiomas in men in Los Angeles County: investigation of exposures to Nnitroso compounds. IARC Sci Publ 105: 197–203.
    Google Scholar
  38. Messina MJ (1999) Legumes and soybeans: overview of their nutritional profiles and health effects. Am J Clin Nutr 70: 439S-450S.
    Google Scholar
  39. Slavin JL, Martini MC, Jacobs DR, Jr, Marquart L (1999) Plausible mechanisms for the protectiveness of whole grains. Am J Clin Nutr 70: 459S-463S.
    Google Scholar
  40. Chen H, Ward M, Graubard B, et al. (2002) Nutrient intakes and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and distal stomach. Nutr Cancer (In press).
  41. Friedenreich CM, Slimani N, Riboli E (1992) Measurement of past diet: review of previous and proposed methods. Epidemiol Rev 14: 177–196.
    Google Scholar

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
    Honglei Chen & Katherine L. Tucker
  2. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
    Honglei Chen, Mary H. Ward, Barry I. Graubard & Ellen F. Heineman
  3. Occupational Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, EPS-8104 MSC-7420, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-7420, USA
    Mary H. Ward
  4. Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
    Rodney D. McComb
  5. Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
    Nancy A. Potischman
  6. Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
    Dennis D. Weisenburger

Authors

  1. Honglei Chen
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  2. Mary H. Ward
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  3. Katherine L. Tucker
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  4. Barry I. Graubard
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  5. Rodney D. McComb
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  6. Nancy A. Potischman
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  7. Dennis D. Weisenburger
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  8. Ellen F. Heineman
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, H., Ward, M.H., Tucker, K.L. et al. Diet and risk of adult glioma in eastern Nebraska, United States.Cancer Causes Control 13, 647–655 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019527225197

Download citation