Role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in colorectal cancer (original) (raw)
References
Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M: Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 52: 23–47, 2002 Google Scholar
Cohen AM, Tremiterra S, Candela F, Thaler HT, Sigurdson ER: Prognosis of node-positive colon cancer. Cancer 67: 1859–1861, 1991 Google Scholar
Hanahan D, Weinberg RA: The hallmarks of cancer. Cell 100: 57–70, 2000 Google Scholar
Zucker S: A critical appraisal of the role of proteolytic enzymes in cancer invasion: Emphasis on tumor surface proteinases. Cancer Investigation 6: 219–231, 1988 Google Scholar
Zucker S, Cao J, Molloy CJ: Role of matrix metalloproteinases and plasminogen activators in cancer and metastasis: Therapeutic strategies. In Anticancer Drug Development. BC Baguley, DJ Kerr, eds. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 91–122, 2002 Google Scholar
Zucker S, Cao J, Chen W-T: Critical appraisal of the use of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in cancer treatment. Oncogene 19: 6642–6650, 2001 Google Scholar
Mignatti P, Rifkin DB: Biology and biochemistry of proteinases in tumor invasion. Physiological Reviews 73: 161–195, 1993 Google Scholar
Stetler-Stevenson W, Hewitt RE, Corcoran ML: Matrix metalloproteinases and tumor invasion: From correlation causilty to the clinic. Seminars in Cancer Biol 7: 147–154, 1996 Google Scholar
Della Porta P, Soeltl R, Krell HW, Collins K, O'Donoghue M, Schmitt M, Kruger A: Combined treatment with serine protease inhibitor aprotonin and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor Batimastat (BB-94) does not prevent invasion of human esophageal and ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro. Anticancer Res 19:3809–3816, 1999 Google Scholar
Zucker S, Lysik RM, Zarrabi MH, Stetler-Stevenson W, Liotta LA, Birkedal-Hansen H, Mann W, Furie M: Type IV collagenase/gelatinase (MMP2) is not increased in plasma of patients with cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Prevention 1: 475–479, 1992 Google Scholar
Noel A, Gilles C, Bajou K, Devy L, Kebers F, Lewalle JM, Manquoi E, Munaut C, Remacle A, Foidart JM: Emerging roles for proteinases in cancer. Invasion Metastasis 17: 221–239, 1997 Google Scholar
Gross J, Lapiere CM: Collagenolytic activity in amphibian tissues; a tissue culture assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 48: 1014–1022, 1962 Google Scholar
Birkedal-Hansen H: Proteolytic remodeling of extracellular matrix. Curr Opin Cell Biol 7: 728–735, 1995 Google Scholar
Stoker W, Bode W: Structural features of a superfamily of zinc-endopeptidases: The metzincins. Curr Opin Str Biol 5: 383–390, 1995 Google Scholar
Sternlicht MD, Werb Z: How matrix metalloproteinases regulate cell behavior. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 17: 463–516, 2001 Google Scholar
Cao J, Drews M, Lee HM, Conner C, Bahou WF, Zucker S: The propeptide domain of membrane type I matrix metalloproteinase is required for binding of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and for activation of progelatinase A. J Biol Chem 273: 34745–34752, 1998 Google Scholar
Sato H, Takino T, Okada Y, Cao J, Shinagawa A, Yamamoto E, Seiki M: A matrix metalloproteinase expressed on the surface of invasive tumor cells. Nature 370: 61–65, 1994 Google Scholar
Barmina OY, Walling HW, Fiacco GJ, Freije JM, Lopez-Otin C, Jeffrey JJ, Partridge CA: Collagenase-3 binds to a specific receptor and requires the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein for internalization. J Biol Chem 274: 30087–30093, 1999 Google Scholar
Takahashi C, Sheng Z, Horan TP, Kitayama H, Maki M, Hitomi K, Kitaura Y, Takai S, Sasahara RM, Horimoto A, Ikawa Y, Ratzkin BJ, Arakawa T, Noda M: Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and inhibition of tumor invasion by the membrane-anchored glycoprotein RECK. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 13221–13226, 1998 Google Scholar
Kajita M, Itoh Y, Chiba T, Mori H, Okada A, Kinoh H, Seiki M: Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase cleaves CD44 and promotes cell migration. J Cell Biol 153: 893–904, 2001 Google Scholar
McQuibban GA, Butler G, Gong J-H, Bendall L, Powers C, Clark-Lewis I, Overall CM: Matrix metalloproteinase activity inactivates the CXC chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1. J Biol Chem 276: 43503–43508, 2001 Google Scholar
Xu J, Rodriguez D, Petitclerc, Kim JJ, Hangai M, Yuen SM, Davis GE, Brooks PC: Proteolytic exposure of a cryptic site within collagen type IV is required for angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. J Cell Biol 154: 1069–1079, 2001 Google Scholar
Basset P, Bellocq JP, Wolf C, Stoll I, Hutin P, Limacher JM, Podhajcer OL, Chenard MP, Rio MC, Chambon P: A novel metalloproteinase gene specifically expressed in stromal cells of breast carcinomas. Nature 348: 699–704, 1990 Google Scholar
Polette M, Nawrocki B, Gilles C, Sato H, Seiki M, Tournier JM, Birembaut P: MT-MMP expression and localization in human lung and breast cancer. Virchows Arch 428: 29–35, 1996 Google Scholar
Nelson AR, Fingleton B, Rothenberg ML, Matrisian LM: Matrix metalloproteinases: Biologic activity and clinical implications. J Clin Oncol 18: 1135–1139, 2000 Google Scholar
Still K, Robson CN, Autzen P, Robinson MC, Hamby FC: Localization and quantification of mRNA for matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in human benign and malignant prostatic tissue. Prostate 42: 18–25, 2000 Google Scholar
Yu Q, Stamenkovic I: Cell surface-localized matrix metalloproteinase-9 proteolytically activates TGF-b and promotes tumor invasion and angiogenesis. Genes Dev 14: 163–176, 2000 Google Scholar
Olson MW, Toth M, Gervasi DC, Sado Y, Ninomiya Y, Fridman R: High affinity binding of latent matrix metalloproteinase-9 to the a2(IV) chain of collagen IV. J Biol Chem 273: 10672–10681, 1998 Google Scholar
Shiraga M, Yano S, Yamamoto A, Ogawa H, Goto H, Miki M, Miki K, Zhang H, Sone S: Organ heterogeneity of host-derived matrix metalloproteinase expression and its involvement in multiple-organ metastasis by lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 62: 5967–5973, 2002 Google Scholar
Biswas C, Zhang Y, DeCastro R, Guo H, Nakamura T, Kataoka H, Nabeshima K: The human tumor cell-derived collagenase stimulating factor (renamed EMMPRIN) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Cancer Res 55: 434–439, 1995 Google Scholar
Guo H, Li R, Zucker S, Toole BP: EMMPRIN (CD147), an inducer of matrix metalloproteinase synthesis, also binds interstitial collagenase to the tumor cell surface. Cancer Res 60: 888–891, 2000 Google Scholar
Zucker S, Hymowitz M, Rollo EE, Mann R, Conner CE, Cao J, Foda H, Tompkins DC, Toole B: Tumorigenic potential of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase induce (EMMPRIN). Am J Pathol 158: 1921–1928, 2001 Google Scholar
Ornstein DL, MacNab J, Cohn KH: Evidence for tumorhost cooperation in regulatingMMP-2expression inhuman colon cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 17: 205–212, 1999 Google Scholar
Ko Y-C, Langley KE, Mendiaz EA, Parker V, Tayler SM, DeClerck YA: The C-terminal domain of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 is required for cell binding but not for antimetalloproteinase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 236: 100–105, 1997 Google Scholar
Kumar A, Collins HM, Scholefield JH, Watson SA: Increased type-IV collagenase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity following preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. Br J Cancer 82: 960–965, 2000 Google Scholar
Kumar A, Collins HM, Van Tam J, Scholefield JH, Watson SA: Effect of preoperative radiotherapy on matrilysin gene expression in rectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 38: 505–510, 2002 Google Scholar
Qian LW, Mitzumoto K, Urashima T, Nagai E, Maehara N, Sato N, Nakajima M Tanaka M: Radiation induced increase in invasive potential of human pancreatic cancer cells and its blockade by matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Clin Cancer Res 8: 1223–1227, 2002 Google Scholar
Murray G, Duncan M, O'Neil P, Melvin WT, Fothergill JE: Matrix metalloproteinase-1 is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Nat Med 2: 461–462, 1996 Google Scholar
Shiozawa J, Ito M, Nakayama T, Nadashima M, Kohno S, Sekine I: Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human colorectal carcinoma. Modern Pathol 13: 925–933, 2000 Google Scholar
Sunami E, Tsuno N, Osada T, Saito S, Kitayama J, Tomozawa S, Tsuruo T, Shibata Y, Muto T, Nagawa H: MMP-1 is a prognostic marker for hematogenous metastasis of colorectal cancer. Oncologist 5: 108–114, 2000 Google Scholar
Ghilardi G, Biondi ML, Mangoni J, Leviti S, DeMonti M, Guagnellini E, Scorza R: Matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter polymorphism iG/2G is correlated with colorectal cancer invasiveness. Clin Cancer Res 7: 2344–2346, 2001 Google Scholar
Matrisian L: Matrix metalloproteinase gene expression. Ann NY Acad Sci 732: 42–50, 1994 Google Scholar
Paulsom R, Pignatelli M, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Liotta LA, Wright PA, Jeffery RE, Longcroft JM, Rogers L, Stamp GW: Stromal expression of 72 Kda type IV collagenase (MMP-2) and TIMP-2 mRNAs in colorectal neoplasia. Am J Pathol 141: 389–396, 1992 Google Scholar
Parsons SL, Watson SA, Collins HM, Grifffin NR, Clarke PA, Steele RJC: Gelatinase (MMP-2 and-9) expression in gastrointestinal malignancy. Brit J Cancer 78: 1495–1502, 1998 Google Scholar
Barozzi C, Ravaioli M, D'Errico A, Grazi GL, Poggioli G, Cavrini G, Mazziotti A, Grigioni WF: Relevance of biological markers in colorectal carcinoma, A comparative study of a broad panel. Cancer 94: 647–657, 2002 Google Scholar
Inuzuka K, Ogata Y, Nagase H, Shirouzu K: Significance of coexpression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (stromelysin) and 9 (gelatinase B) in colorectal carcinoma. J Surg Res 93: 211–218, 2000 Google Scholar
Bubb VJ, Curtis LJ, Cunningham C, Dunlop MG, Carothers AD, Morris RG, White S, Bird CC, Wyllie AH: Microsatellite instability and the role of hMSH2 in sporadic colorectal cancer. Oncogene 1996: 2641–2649, 1996 Google Scholar
Moran A, Iniesta P, de Juan C, Gonzalez-Quevedo R, Sanchez-Pernaute A, Diaz-Rubio E, Ramon y Cajal S, Torres A, Balibrea JL, Benito M: Stomelysin-1 promoter mutations impair gelatinase B activation in high microsatellite instability sporadic colorectal tumors. Cancer Res 62: 3855–3860, 2002 Google Scholar
Newell KJ, Witty JP, Rodgers WH, Matrisian LM: Expression and localization of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases during colorectal tumorigenesis. Molec Carcinogenesis 10: 199–206, 1994 Google Scholar
Adachi Y, Yamamoto H, Itoh F, Hinoda Y, Okada Y, Imai K: Contribution of matrilysin (MMP-7) to the metastatic pathway of human colorectal cancers. Gut 45: 252–258, 1999 Google Scholar
Wilson CL, Heppner KJ, Labosky PA, Hogan BLM, Matrisian L: Intestinal tumorigenesis is suppressed in mice lacking the metalloproteinase matrilysin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 1402–1407, 1997 Google Scholar
Hasegawa S, Koshikawa N, Momiyama N, Moriyama K, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Mitsuhashi M, Shimada H, Miyazaki K: Matrilysin-specific antisense oligonucleotide inhibits liver metastasis of human colon cancer cells in a nude mouse model. Int J Cancer 76: 812–816, 1998 Google Scholar
Witty JP, McDonnell S, Newell KJ, Cannon P, Navre M, Tressler RJ, Matrisian L: Modulation of matrilysin levels in colon carcinoma cell lines affects tumorigenicity in vivo. Cancer Res 54: 4805–4812, 1994 Google Scholar
Vargo-Gogola T, Fingleton B, Crawford HC, Matrisian LM: Matrilysin (matrix metalloproteinase-7) selects for apoptosis-resistant mammary cells in vivo. Cancer Res 62: 5559–5563, 2002 Google Scholar
Morin PJ, Sparks AB, Korinek V, Barker N, Clevers H, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW: Activation of beta-catenin-Tcf signaling in colon cancer by mutations in beta-catenin or APC. Science 275: 1787–1790, 1997 Google Scholar
Crawford HC, Fingleton B, Rudolph-Owen LA, Goss KJ, Rubinfeld B, Polakis P, Matrisian L: The metalloproteinase matrilysin is a target of beta-catenin transactivation in intestinal tumors. Oncogene 18: 2883–2891, 1999 Google Scholar
Aberle H, Bauer A, Stappert J, Kispert A, Kemler R: Beta-catenin is a target for the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. EMBO 16: 3797–3804, 1997 Google Scholar
Korinek V, Barker N, Morin PJ, van Wichen D, de Weger R, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Clevers H: Constitutive transcriptional activation by a beta-catenin-Tcf complex in APC-/-colon carcinoma. Science 275: 1784–1787, 1997 Google Scholar
Wong NA, Pignatelli M: Beta-catenin-a linchpin in colorectal carcinogenesis? Am J Pathol 160: 389–401, 2002 Google Scholar
Zeng ZS, Huang Y, Cohen AM, Guillem JG: Prediction of colorectal cancer relapse and survival via tissue RNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9. J Clin Oncol 14: 3133–3140, 1996 Google Scholar
Zucker S, Lysik RM, DiMassimo BI, Zarrabi HM, Moll UM, Grimson R, Tickle SP, Docherty AJP: Plasma assay of gelatinase B: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) complexes in cancer. Cancer 76: 700–708, 1995 Google Scholar
Nielsen BS, Timshel S, Kjeldsen L, Sehested M, Pyke C, Rorregaard N, Dano K: 92 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP-9) is expressed in neutrophils and macrophages but not in malignant epithelilal cells in human colon cancer. Int J Cancer 365: 57–62, 1999 Google Scholar
Roeb E, Dietrich CG, Winograd R, Arndt M, Breuer B, Fass J, Schumpelick V, Matern S: Activity and cellular origin of gelatinases in patients with colon and rectal carcinoma differential activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Cancer 92: 2680–2691, 2001 Google Scholar
Dong Z, Kumar R, Yang X, Fidler IJ: Macrophagederived metalloelastase is responsible for the generation of angiostatin in Lewis lung carcinoma. Cell 88: 801–810, 1997 Google Scholar
O'Reilly MS, Holmgren L, Shing Y, Chen C, Rosenthal RA, Moses M, Lane WS, Cao Y, Sage EH, Folkman J: Angiostatin: A novel angiogenesis inhibitor that mediates the suppression of metastasis by a Lewis lung carcinoma. Cell 79: 315–328, 1994 Google Scholar
Yang W, Aril S, Gorrin-Rivas M, Mori A, Onodera H, Imamura M: Human macrophage metalloelastase gene expression in colorectal carcinoma and its clinicopathologic significance. Cancer 91: 1277–1283, 2001 Google Scholar
Leeman MF, McKay JA, Murray GI: Matrix metalloproteinase 13 activity is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. J Clin Pathol 55: 758–762, 2002 Google Scholar
Knauper V, Will H, Lopez-Otin C, Atkinson SJ, Stanton H, Hembry RM, Murphy G: Cellular mechanism for human procollagenase-3 (MMP-13) activation. J Biol Chem 271: 17124–17131, 1996 Google Scholar
Malhotra S, Newman E, Eisenberg D, Scholes J, Wieczorek R, Mignatti P, Shamamian P: Increased membrane type1 matrix metalloproteinase expression from adenoma to colon cancer: A possible mechanism of neoplastic progression. Dis Colon Rectum 45: 537–543, 2002 Google Scholar
Takahashi M, Tsunoda T, Seiki M, Nakamura Y, Furukawa Y: Identification of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 as a target of the beta-catenin/Tcf4 complex in human colorectal cancers. Oncogene 21: 5861–5867, 2002 Google Scholar
Lu X, Levy M, Weinstein IB, Santella RM: Immunologic quantification of levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in human colon cancer. Cancer Res 51: 6231–6235, 1991 Google Scholar
Joo YE, Seo KS, Kim HS, Rew JS, Park CS, Kim SJ: Role of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in colorectal carcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 14: 417–423, 1999 Google Scholar
Ring P, Johansson K, Hoyhtya M, Ribin K, Lindmark G: Expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP-2 in human colorectal cancer-a predictor of tumor stage. Br J Cancer 76: 805–811, 1997 Google Scholar
Agrez M, Gu X, Turton J, Meldrum C, Niu J, Antalis T Howard EW: The avb6 integrin induces gelatinase B secretion in colon cancer cells. Int J Cancer 81: 90–97, 1999 Google Scholar
Gu X, Niu J, Dorahy DJ, Scott R, Agrez M: Integrin alpha(v)beta-associated ERK2 mediates MMP-9 secretion in colon cancer cells. Br J Cancer 87: 348–351, 2002 Google Scholar
Daemi D, Thomasset N, Lissitizky J, Jacquier M-F, Pourreyron C, Rousselle P, Chayvialle J-A, Remy L: Antibeta 4 integrin antibodies enhance migration and invasive abilities of human colon adenocarcinoma cells and their MMP-2 expression. Int J Cancer 85: 850–856, 2000 Google Scholar
Shepherd FA, Giaccone G, Seymour L, Debruyne C, Bezak A, Hirsh V, Smylie M, Rubin S, Martins H, Lamont A, Krzakowdki M, Sadura A, Zee B: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controled trial of marimastat after response to first-line chemotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer: A trial of the National Cancer Institute of Canada-Clinical Trials Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. J Clin Oncol 20: 4434–4439, 2002 Google Scholar
Pavlaki M, Zucker S: Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs): The beginning of phase I or the termination of phase III clinical trials. Cancer Metastasis Reviews (in press): 2003
Sunami E, Tusuno NH, Kitayama J, Saito S, Osada T, Yamguchi H, Tomozawa S, Tsuruo T, Shibata Y, Nagawa H: Decreased synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-7 and adhesion to the extracellular matrix proteins of human colon cancer cells treated withtroglitazone. Surg Today 32: 343–350, 2002 Google Scholar
Ozawa S, Shinohara H, Kanayama HO, Bruns CJ, Bucana CD, Ellis LM, Davis DW, Fidler IJ: Suppression of angiogenesis and therapy of human colon cancer liver metastasis by systemic administration of interferon-alpha. Neoplasia 3: 154–164, 2001 Google Scholar
Lokeshwar BL, Selzer MG, Zhu BQ, Block NL, Golub LM: Inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis by an oral, non-antimicrobial tetracycline analog (COL-3) in a metastatic prostate cancer model. Int J Cancer 98: 297–309, 2002 Google Scholar
van Stappen WJ, Hendriks T, Wobbs T: Correlation between collagenolytic activity and grade of histological differentiation in colorectal tumors. Int J Cancer 45: 1071–1078, 1990 Google Scholar
Levy AT, Cioce V, Sobel ME, Gabrisa S, Grigioni WF, Liotta LA, Stetler-Stevenson WG: Increased expression of the Mr 72,000 type IV collagenase in human adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 51: 439–444, 1991 Google Scholar
Poulsom R, Pignatelli M, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Liotta LA, Wright PA, Jeffrey TE, Longcroft JM, Rogers L, Stamp GWH: Stromal expression of 72 kda type IV collagenase (MMP-2) and TIMP-2 mRNAs in colorectal neoplasia. Amer J Pathol 141: 389–394, 1992 Google Scholar
Emmert-Buck MR, Roth MJ, Zhuang Z, Campo E, Rozhin J, Solane BF, Liotta LA, Stetler-Stevenson WG: Increased gelatinase A (MMP-2) and cathepsin B activity in invasive tumor regions of human colon cancer samples. Am J Pathol 145: 1285–1290, 1994 Google Scholar
Kumar S, Baglioni C: Protection from tumor necrosis factor-mediated cytolysis by overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1. J Biol Chem 266: 20960–20964, 1991 Google Scholar
Yang Z, Strickland DK, Bornstein P: Extracellular MMP-2 levels are regulated by the low-density lipoproteinrelated scavenger receptor and thrombospondin 2. J Biol Chem 276: 8403–8408, 2001 Google Scholar
Collins HM, Morris TM, Watson SA: Spectrum of matrix metalloproteinase expression in primary and metastatic colon cancer: relationship to the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and membrane type-1-matrix metalloproteinase. Br J Cancer 12: 1664–1670, 2001 Google Scholar
Masaki T, Matsuoka H, Sugiyama M, Abe N, Goto A, Sakamoto A, Atomi Y: Matrilysin (MMP-7) as a significant determinant of malignant potential of early invasive colorectal carcinomas. Br J Cancer 84: 1317–1321, 2001 Google Scholar
Mukai M, Sadahiro S, Tokunaga N, Ishizu K, Ito I, Kameya T, Ishikawa K, Iwase H, Suzuki T, Ishida H, Tajima T, Makuuchi H: The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma: Correlation with liver metastasis. Oncology Reports 6: 969–973, 1999 Google Scholar
Matsuyama Y, Takao S, Aikou T: Comparison of matrix metalloproteinase expression between primary tumors with or without liver metastasis in pancreatic and colorectal carcinomas. J Surg Oncol 80: 105–110, 2002 Google Scholar
Baker E, Bergin FG, Leaper DJ: Matrix metalloproteinases, their tissue inhibitors and colorectal cancer staging. Brit J Surgery 87: 1215–1221, 2000 Google Scholar
Zeng ZS, Shu WP, Cohen AM, Guillem JG: Matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression in colorectal cancer liver metastases: Evidence for involvement of MMP-7 activation in human cancer metastases. Clin Cancer Res 8: 144–148, 2002 Google Scholar
Papadopoulou S, Scorilas A, Arnogianaki N, Papapanayiotou B, Tzimogiani A, Agnantis N, Talieri M: Expression of gelatinase-A (MMP-2) in human colon cancer and normal colon mucosa. Tumor Biol 22: 383–389, 2001 Google Scholar
Chan CC, Menges M, Orzechowski HD, Orendain N, Pistorius G, Feifel G, Zeitz M, Stallmach A: Increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 concentration and transcript expression in advanced colorectal carcinomas. Int J Colorectal Dis 16: 133–140, 2001 Google Scholar
Heslin MJ, Yan J, Johnson MR, Weiss H, Diasio RB, Urist MM: Role of matrix metalloproteinases in colorectal carciogenesis. Ann Surg 233: 786–792, 2001 Google Scholar
Garbett EA, Reed MR, Brown NJ: Proteolysis in colorectal cancer. Mol Pathol 52: 140–145, 1999 Google Scholar
Bodey B, Bodey BJ, Siegel SE, Kaiser HE: Prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinase expression in colorectal carcinomas. In Vivo 14: 659–666, 2000 Google Scholar
Jeziorska M, Haboubi NY, Schofield PE, Ogata Y, Nagase H, Woolley DE: Distribution of gelatinase B (MMP-9) and type IV collagen in colorectal carcinoma. Int J Colorect Dis 9: 141–148, 1994 Google Scholar
Kikuchi R, Noguchi T, Takeno S, Kubo N, Uchida Y: Immunohistochemical detection of membrane-type-1-matrix metalloproteinase in colorectal carcinoma. Br J Cancer 83: 215–218, 2000 Google Scholar
Kim TS, Kim YB: Correlation between expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and angiogenesis in colorectal adenocarcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 14: 263–270, 1999 Google Scholar
Zeng ZS, Cohen AM, Guillem JG: Loss of basement membrane type IV collagen is associated with increased expression of metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) during human colorectal tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 20: 749–755, 1999 Google Scholar
Karakiulakis G, Papanikolaou C, Jankovic SM, Aletras A, Papakanstantinou E, Vretou E, Mirtsou-Fidani V: Increased type IV collagen-degrading activity in metastases originating from primary tumors of the human colon. Invasion Metastasis 17: 158–168, 1997 Google Scholar
Ichikawa Y, Ichikawa T, Momiyama N, Yamaguchi S, Masui H, Hasegawa S, Chishima T, Takimoto A, Kitamura H, Akitaya T, Hosokawa T, Mitsuhashi M, Shimada H: Detection of regional lymph node metastases in colon cancer by using RT-PCR for matrix metaloproteinase 7, matrilysin. Clin Exp Metastasis 16: 3–8, 1998 Google Scholar
Mori M, Barnard GF, Mimori K, Ueo H, Akiyoshi T, Sugimachi K: Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 mRNA in human colon carcinomas. Cancer 75: 1516–1519, 1995 Google Scholar
McDonnell, Navre M, Coffee JRJ, Matrisian LM: Expression and localization of the matrix metalloproteinase Pump-I (MMP-7) in human gastric and colon carcinomas. Mol Carcinogenesis 4: 527–533, 1991 Google Scholar
Ishikawa T, Ichikawa Y, Mitsuhashi M, Momiyama N, Chishima T, Tanaka K, Yamaoka H, Mayazakic K, Nagashima Y, Akitaya T, Shimada H: Matrilysin is associated with progression of colorectal tumor. Cancer Lett 107: 5–10, 1996 Google Scholar
Ohtani H, Motohashi H, Sato HMS, Nagura H: Dual over-expression pattern of membrane-type metalloproteinase-1 in cancer and stromal cells in human gastrointestinal carcinoma revealed by in situ hybridization and immunoelectron microscopy. Int J Cancer 68: 565–570, 1996 Google Scholar
Porte H, Chastre E, Prevot S, Nordlinger B, Empereur S, Basset P, Chambon P, Gespach C: Neoplastic progression of human colorectal cancer is associated with overexpression of the stromelysin-3 and BM-40/SPARC genes. Int J Cancer 64: 70–75, 1995 Google Scholar
Liabakk N-B, Talbot E, Smith RA, Wilkinson K, Balkwill F: Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) type IV collagenases in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 56: 190–196, 1996 Google Scholar
Tomita T, Iwata K: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in colonic adenomasadenocarcinomas. Dis Colon Rectum 39: 1255–1264, 1996 Google Scholar
Gallegos NC, Smales C, Savage F, Hembry RM, Boulos PB: The distribution of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases in colorectal cancer. Surg Oncology 4: 21–29, 1995 Google Scholar
Oba K, Konno H, Tanaka T, Baba M, Kamiya K, Ohta M, Kaneko T, Shouji T, Igarashi A, Nakamura S: Prevention of liver metastasis of human colon cancer by selective matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor MMI-166. Cancer Lett 175: 45–51, 2002 Google Scholar
Ohta M, Konno H, Tanaka T, Baba M, Kamiya K, Oba K, Kaneko T, Syouji T, Igarashi A, Nakamura S: Effect of combination therapy with matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor MMI-166 and mitomycin C on the growth and liver metastasis of human colon cancer. Jpn J Cancer Res 92: 688–695, 2001 Google Scholar
Matsuoka T, Yashiro M, Sawada T, Ishikawa T, Ohira M, Chung KH: Inhibition of invasion and lymph node metastasis of gastrointestinal cancer cells by R-94138, a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Anticancer Res 20: 4331–4338, 2000 Google Scholar
An Z, Wang X, Willmott N, Chander SK, Tickle S, Docherty AJP: Conversion of a highly malignant colon cancer from an aggressive to a controled disease by oral administration of a metalloproteinase inhibitor. Clin Exp Metastasis 15: 184–195, 1997 Google Scholar
Primrose J, Bleiberg H, Daniel F, Van Belle S, Mansi JL, Seymour M, Johnson PW, Neoptelemos JP, Baillet M, Barker K, Berrington A, Brown PD, Millar A, Lynch KP: Marimastat in recurrent colorectal cancer: Exploratory evaluation of biological activity by measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen. Br J Cancer 79: 509–514, 1999 Google Scholar
Heppner Gross KJ, Brown PD, Matrisian LM: Differing effects of endogenos and synthetic inhibitors of metalloproteinases on intestinal tumorigenesis. Int J Cancer 78: 629–635, 1998 Google Scholar
Aparicio T, Kermorgant S, Dessirier V, Lewin MJ, Lehy T: Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition prevents colon cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis development and prolongs survival in rats. Carcinogenesis 20: 1445–1451, 1999 Google Scholar
Shalinsky DR, Brekken J, Zou H, McDermott CD, Forsyth P, Edwards D, Margosiak S, Bender S, Truitt G, Wood A, Varki NM, Appelt K: Broad antitumor and antiangiogenic activities of AG3340, a potent and selective MMP inhibitor undergoing advanced oncology clinical trials. In R Greenwald, S Zucker, L Golub, eds. Ann NY Acad Sci 878: 236–270, 1999
Lozonschi L, Sunamura M, Kobari M, Egawa S, Ding L, Matsuno S: Controlling tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of C26 murine colon adenocarcinoma by a new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, KB-R7785, in two tumor models. Cancer Res 59: 1252–1258, 1999 Google Scholar
Sakukawa R, Murakami K, Ikeda T, Yamada Y, Saiki I: Effect of 4-[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzamido] benzoic acid (TAC101) on the liver metastasis of colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells. Oncol Res 10: 287–293, 1998 Google Scholar
Miyazaki K, Koshikawa N, Hasegawa S, Momiyama N, Nagashima Y, Moriyama K, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Mitsuhashi M, Shimada H: Matrilysin as a target for chemotherapy for colon cancer: Use of antisense oligonucleotides as antimetastatic agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 43: S52–55, 1999 Google Scholar
Adachi Y, Itoh F, Yamamoto H, Iku S, Matsuno K, Arimura Y, Imai K: Retinoic acids reduce matrilysin (matrix metalloproteinase 7) and inhibit tumor cell invasion in human colon cancer. tumor Biol 22: 247–253, 2001 Google Scholar
Tanaka H, Nishida K, Sugita K, Yoshioka T: Antitumor efficacy of hypothemycin, a new Ras-signaling inhibitor. Jpn J Cancer Res 90: 1139–1145, 1999 Google Scholar
Gu Y, Lee HM, Roemer EJ, Musacchia L, Golub LM, Simon SR: Inhibition of tumor cell invasiveness by chemically modified tetracyclines. Curr Med Chem 8: 261–270, 2001 Google Scholar
Brand K, Baker A, Perez-Canto A, Possling A, Sacharjat M, Geheeb M, Arnold W: Treatment of colorectal liver metastasis by adenoviral transfer of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 into the liver tissue. Cancer Res 60: 5723–5730, 2000 Google Scholar