Methylation of the exon/intron region in the Ubi1 promoter complex correlates with transgene silencing in barley (original) (raw)
References
Assaad, F.F., Tucker, K.L. and Signer, E.R. 1993. Epigenetic repeatinduced gene silencing (RIGS) in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol. Biol. 22: 1067–1085. Google Scholar
Banks, J.A., Masson, P. and Fedoroff, N. 1988. Molecular mechanisms in the developmental regulation of the maize Suppressormutator transposable element. Genes Dev. 2: 1364–1380. Google Scholar
Bregitzer, P. and Tonks, D. 2003. Inheritance and expression of transgenes in barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Crop Sci. 43: 4–12. Google Scholar
Bregitzer, P., Zhang, S., Cho, M.-J. and Lemaux, P.G. 2002. Reduced somaclonal variation in barley is associated with culturing highly differentiated, meristematic tissues. Crop Sci. 42: 1303–1308. Google Scholar
Chandler, V.L., Eggleston, W.B. and Dorweiler, J.E. 2000. Paramutation in maize. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 121–145. Google Scholar
Cho, M.J., Choi, H.W., Buchanan, B.B. and Lemaux, P.G. 1999. Inheritance of tissue-specific expression of barley hordein promoter-_uid_A fusions in transgenic barley plants. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 1253–1262. Google Scholar
Cho, M.J., Choi, H.W., Jiang, W., Ha, C.D. and Lemaux, P.G. 2002. Endosperm-specific expression of green fluorescent protein driven by the hordein promoter is stably inherited in transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants. Physiol. Plant. 115: 144–154. Google Scholar
Christensen, A.H. and Quail, P.H. 1996. Ubiquitin promoter-based vectors for high-level expression of selectable and/or screenable marker genes in monocotyledonous plants. Transgenic Res. 5: 213–218. Google Scholar
Christensen, A.H., Sharrock, R.A. and Quail, P.H. 1992. Maize polyubiquitin genes: structure, thermal perturbation of expression and transcript splicing, and promoter activity following transfer to protoplasts by electroporation. Plant Mol. Biol. 18: 675–689. Google Scholar
Cogoni, C. and Macino, G. 1999. Gene silencing in Neurospora crassa requires a protein homologous to RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Nature 399: 166–169. Google Scholar
Cone, K. 1989. Yet another rapid plant DNA prep. Maize Genet. Coop. Newsl. 63: 68. Google Scholar
Dalmay, T., Hamilton, A., Rudd, S., Angell, S. and Baulcombe, D.C. 2000. An RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene in Arabidopsis is required for posttranscriptional gene silencing mediated by a transgene but not by a virus. Cell 101: 543–553. Google Scholar
Fagard, M. and Vaucheret, H. 2000. (Trans) gene silencing in plants: how many mechanisms? Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 51: 167–194. Google Scholar
Finnegan, E.J. and Kovac, K.A. 2000. Plant DNA methyltransferases. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 189–201. Google Scholar
Finnegan, E.J., Peacock, W.J. and Dennis, E.S. 1996. Reduced DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana results in abnormal plant development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 8449–8454. Google Scholar
Fu, X., Kohli, A., Twyman, R.M. and Christou, P. 2000. Alternative silencing effects involve distinct types of non-spreading cytosine methylation at a three-gene, single-copy transgenic locus in rice. Mol. Gen. Genet. 263: 106–118. Google Scholar
Iyer, L.M., Kumpatla, S.P., Chandrasekharan, M.B. and Hall, T.C. 2000. Transgene silencing in monocots. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 323–346. Google Scholar
Jakowitsch, J., Papp, I., Moscone, E.A., Van Der Winden, J., Matzke, M. and Matzke, A.J. 1999. Molecular and cytogenetic characterization of a transgene locus that induces silencing and methylation of homologous promoters in trans. Plant J. 17: 131–140. Google Scholar
Jefferson, R.A., Kavanagh, T.A. and Bevan, M.W. 1987. GUS fusions: _β_-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants. EMBO J. 6: 3901–3907. Google Scholar
Jorgensen, R.A., Cluster, P.D., English, J., Que, Q. and Napoli, C.A. 1996. Chalcone synthase cosuppression phenotypes in petunia flowers: comparison of sense vs. antisense constructs and singlecopy vs. complex T-DNA sequences. Plant Mol. Biol. 31: 957–973. Google Scholar
Kilby, N.J., Leyster, H.M.O. and Furner, I.J. 1992. Promoter methylation and progressive transgene inactivation in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol. Biol. 20: 103–112. Google Scholar
Kohli, A., Gahakwa, D., Vain, P., Laurie, D.A. and Christou, P. 1999. Transgene expression in rice engineered through particle bombardment: molecular factors controlling stable expression and transgene silencing. Planta 208: 88–97. Google Scholar
Koprek, T., Rangel, S., McElroy, D., Louwerse, J.D., Williams-Carrier, R.E. and Lemaux, P.G. 2001. Transposon-mediated single-copy gene delivery leads to increased transgene expression stability in barley. Plant Physiol. 125: 1354–1362. Google Scholar
Kumpatla, S.P. and Hall, T.C. 1998. Recurrent onset of epigenetic silencing in rice harboring a multi-copy transgene. Plant J. 14: 129–135. Google Scholar
Kumpatla, S.P., Teng, W., Buchholz, W.G. and Hall, T.C. 1997. Epigenetic transcriptional silencing and 5-azacytidine-mediated reactivation of a complex transgene in rice. Plant Physiol. 115: 361–373. Google Scholar
Matzke, A.J.M., Neuhuber, F., Park, Y.D., Ambros, P.F. and Matzke, M.A. 1994. Homology-dependent gene silencing in transgenic plants: epistatic silencing loci contain multiple copies of methylated transgenes. Mol. Gen. Genet. 244: 219–229. Google Scholar
Matzke, M.A., Mette, M.F. and Matzke, A.J.M. 2000. Transgene silencing by the host genome defense: implications for the evolution of epigenetic control mechanisms in plants and vertebrates. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 401–415. Google Scholar
Matzke, M., Mette, M.F., Jakowitsch, J., Kanno, T., Moscone, E.A., van der Winden, J. and Matzke, A.J.M. 2001. A test for transvection in plants: DNA pairing may lead to trans-activation or silencing of complex heteroalleles in tobacco. Genetics 158: 451–461. Google Scholar
McElroy, D., Zhang, W., Cao, J. and Wu, R. 1990. Isolation of an efficient actin promoter for use in rice transformation. Plant Cell 2: 163–171. Google Scholar
Meng, L. and Lemaux, P.G. 2003. A simple, rapid method for nuclear run-on transcription assays in plants. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 21: 65–71. Google Scholar
Muskens, M.W.M., Vissers, A.P.A., Mol, J.N.M. and Kooter, J.M. 2000. Role of inverted DNA repeats in transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene silencing. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 243–260. Google Scholar
Paszkowski, J. and Whitham, S.A. 2001. Gene silencing and DNA methylation processes. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4: 123–129. Google Scholar
Pawlowski, W.P., Torbert, K.A., Rines, H.W. and Somers, D.A. 1998. Irregular patterns of transgene silencing in allohexaploid oat. Plant Mol. Biol. 38: 597–607. Google Scholar
Ros, F. and Kunze, R. 2001. Regulation of activator/dissociation transposition by replication and DNA methylation. Genetics 157: 1723–1733. Google Scholar
Rossi, V., Motto, M. and Pellegrini, L. 1997. Analysis of the methylation pattern of the maize opaque-2 (O2) promoter and in vitro binding studies indicate that the O2 b-Zip protein and other endosperm factors can bind to methylated target sequences. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 13758–13765. Google Scholar
Stark, K., Kirk, D.L. and Schmitt, R. 2001. Two enhancers and one silencer located in the introns of regA control somatic cell differentiation in Volvox carteri. Genes Dev. 15: 1449–1460. Google Scholar
Vaucheret, H. 1993. Identification of a general silencer for 19S and 35S promoters in a transgenic tobacco plant: 90 bp of homology in the promoter sequence are sufficient for trans-inactivation. C.R. Acad. Sci. Sér. III Sci. Vie 316: 1471–1483. Google Scholar
Voinnet, O. 2001. RNA silencing as a plant immune system against viruses. Trends Genet. 17: 449–459. Google Scholar
Walker, E.L. 1998. Paramutation of rl locus of maize is associated with increased cytosine methylation. Genetics 148: 1973–1981. Google Scholar
Wan, Y. and Lemaux, P.G. 1994. Generation of large numbers of independently transformed fertile barley plants. Plant Physiol. 104: 37–48. Google Scholar
Wan, Y., Widholm, J.M. and Lemaux, P.G. 1995. Type I callus as a bombardment target for generating fertile transgenic maize (Zea mays L.). Planta 196: 7–14. Google Scholar
Wassenegger, M. and Pelissier, T. 1998. A model for RNA-mediated gene silencing in higher plants. Plant Mol. Biol. 37: 349–362. Google Scholar
Waterhouse, P.M., Wang, M.-B. and Lough, T. 2001. Gene silencing as an adaptive defence against viruses. Nature 411: 834–842. Google Scholar
Zhang, S., Warkentin, D., Sun, B., Zhong, H. and Sticklen, M. 1996. Variation in the inheritance of expression among subclones for unselected (_uid_A) and selected (bar) transgenes in maize (Zea mays L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 92: 752–761. Google Scholar
Zhang, S., Cho, M.J., Koprek, T., Yun, R., Bregitzer, P. and Lemaux, P.G. 1999. Genetic transformation of commercial cultivars of oat (Avena sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using in vitro shoot meristematic cultures derived from germinated seedlings. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 959–966. Google Scholar