Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases: An overview (original) (raw)
References
Chakraborti T, Das S, Mandal M, Mandal A, Chakraborti S: Role of Ca2+ dependent matrix metalloprotease-2 in stimulating Ca2+ ATPase activity under peroxynitrite treatment in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle plasma membrane. IUBMB Life 53: 167-173, 2002 Google Scholar
Das S, Chakraborti T, Mandal M, Mandal A, Chakraborti S: Role of membrane-associated Ca2+ dependent matrix metalloprotease-2 in the oxidant activation of Ca2+ ATPase by tertiary butylhydroperoxide. Mol Cell Biochem 237: 85-93, 2002 Google Scholar
Mandal M, Das S, Chakraborti T, Chakraborti S: Matrix metalloprotease 2-mediated activation of Ca2+-ATPase by superoxide radical (O2·−) in plasma membrane of bovine pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Ind J Biochem Biophys39: 390-396, 2002 Google Scholar
Massova I, Kotra LP, Fridman R, Mobashery S: Matrix metalloproteinases: Structure evolution and diversification. FASEB J 12: 1075-1095, 1998 Google Scholar
Woessner JF Jr: Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in connective tissue remodeling. FASEB J 5: 2145-2154, 1991 Google Scholar
Werb Z, Alexander CM, Adler RR: Expression and function of matrix metalloproteinases in development. In: H. Birkedal-Hansen, Z. Werb, H.G. Welgus, H.E. Van Wart (eds). Matrix Metalloproteinases and Inhibitors. Matrix Spec. Suppl. No. 1. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, 1992, pp 337-343 Google Scholar
Twining SS: Regulation of proteolytic activity in tissues. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 29: 315-383, 1994 Google Scholar
Ravanti L, Kahari V-M: Matrix metalloproteinases in wound repair. Int J Mol Med 6: 391-407, 2000 Google Scholar
Breathnach RL, Matrisian LM, Gensel MC, Staub A, Leroy P: Sequences coding for part of oncogene-induced transin are highly conserved in a ralated rat gene. Nucl Acids Res 15: 1139-1151, 1987 Google Scholar
Collier IE, Wilhelm SM, Eisen AZ, Marmer BL, Grant GA, Seltzer JL, Kronberger A, He C, Bauer EA, Goldberg GI: H-ras oncogene-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (TBE-1) secrete a single metalloprotease capable of degrading basement membrane collagen. J Biol Chem 263: 6579-6587, 1988 Google Scholar
Huhtala P, Chow LT, Tryggvason K: Structure of the human type IV collagenase gene. J Biol Chem 265: 16485-16490, 1990 Google Scholar
Spurr NK, Gough AC, Gosden J, Rout D, Porteous DJ, Heyningen VV, Docherty AJP: Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and assignment of the metalloproteinases stromelysin and collagenase to the long arm of chromosome 11. Genomics 2: 119-127, 1988 Google Scholar
Huhtala P, Eddy RL, Fan YS, Byers MG, Shows TB, Tryggvason K: Completion of the primary structure of the human type IV collagenase preproenzyme and assignment of the gene (CLG4) to q21 region of chromosome 16. Genomics 6: 554-559, 1991 Google Scholar
Girard MT, Matsubara M, Kublin C, Tessier MJ, Cintron C, Fini ME., Stromal fibroblasts synthesize collagenase and stromelysin during long-term connective tissue remodelling. J Cell Sci 104: 1001-1008, 1993 Google Scholar
Fini ME, Girard MT: Expression of collagenolytic/gelatinolytic metalloproteinases by normal cornea. Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci 31: 1779-1784, 1990 Google Scholar
Vine N, Powell JT: Metalloproteinases in degradating aortic disease. Clin Sci 81: 233-239, 1991 Google Scholar
Heron GS, Unemori E, Wong M, Rapp JH, Hibbs MH, Stoney RJ: Connective tissue proteinases and inhibitors in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arterioscler Thromb 11: 1667-1677, 1991 Google Scholar
Denhardt DT, Feng B, Edwards DR, Cocuzzi ET, Malyankar UM: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP, aka EPA): Structure, control of expression and biological functions. Pharmacol Ther 59: 329-341, 1993 Google Scholar
Woessner JF, Nagase HL: Matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs. Oxford University Press, New York, 2000 Google Scholar
Itoh Y, Ito A, Iwata K, Tanzawa K, Mori Y, Nagase H: Plasma membrane-bound tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-2 specifically inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2 (gelatinase A) activated on the cell surface. J Biol Chem 273: 24360-24367, 1998 Google Scholar
Imai K, Ohuchi E, Aoki T, Nomura H, Fujii Y: Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 is a gelatinolytic enzyme and is secreted in a complex with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2. Cancer Res. 56: 2707-2710, 1996 Google Scholar
Yang Z, Kyriakides TR, Bornstein P: Matricellular proteins as modulators of cell-matrix interactions: Adhesive defect in thrombospodin-2-null fibroblasts is a consequence of increased levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Mol Biol Cell 11: 3353-3364, 2000 Google Scholar
Yang Z, Strickland DK, Bornstein P: Extracellular MMP-2 levels are regulated by the low-density lipoprotein-related scavenger receptor and thrombospodin-2. J Biol Chem 276: 8403-8408, 2001 Google Scholar
Barmina OY, Walling HW, Fiacco GJ, Freije JM, Lopez-Otin C: Collagenase-3 bids to aspecific receptor and requires the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein for internalization. J Biol Chem 274: 30087-30093, 1999 Google Scholar
Sternlicht MD, Werb Z: How matrix metalloproteinases regulate cell behavior. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 17: 463-516, 2001 Google Scholar
Brooks PC, Stromblad S, Sanders LC, von Schalscha TL, Aimes RT, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Quigley JP, Cheresh DA: Localization of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 to the surface of invasive cells by interaction with integrin alpha v beta 3. Cell 85: 683-693, 1996 Google Scholar
Yu Q, Stamenkovic I: Cell surface localized matrix metalloprotease-9 proteolytically activate TGF-beta and promotes tumor invasion and angiogenesis. Genes Dev 14: 163-176, 2000 Google Scholar
Yu WH, Woessner JF Jr: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans as extracellular docking molecules for matrilysin (of matrix metalloproteinase 7). J Biol Chem 275: 4183-4191, 2000 Google Scholar
Wang Z, Jutterman R, Soloway PD: TIMP-2 is required for efficient activation of pro-MMP-2 in vivo. J Biol Chem 275: 26411-26415, 2000 Google Scholar
Caterina JJ, Yamada S, Caterina MC, Longnecker G, Holmback K, Shi J, Yermovsky AE, Engler JA, Birkedal-Hansen H: Inactivating mutation of the mouse tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) gene alters proMMP-2 activation. J Biol Chem 275: 26416-26422, 2000 Google Scholar
Saarialho-Kere U, Kovacs SO, Pentland AP, Olerud J, Welgus HG, Parks WC: Cell-matrix interaction modulates interstitial collagenase expression by human keratinocytes actively involved in wound healing. J Clin Invest 92: 2858-2866, 1993 Google Scholar
Parks WC, Shapiro SD: Matrix metalloproteinases in lung biology. Respir Res 2: 10-19, 2001 Google Scholar
Stetler-Stevension WG, Krutzsch HC, Liotta LA: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2). A new member of the metalloproteinase inhibitor family. J Biol Chem 264: 17374-17378, 1989 Google Scholar
Lelievre YR, Bouboutou J, Boiziau D, Faucher D, Achard D, Cartwright T: Low molecular weight, sequence based, collagenase inhibitors selectively block the interaction between collagenase and TIMP (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases). Matrix 10: 292-299, 1990 Google Scholar
Howard EW, Bullen EC, Banda MJ: Regulation of the autoactivation of human 72-kDa progelatinase by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2. J Biol Chem 266: 13064-13069, 1991 Google Scholar
Murphy G, Koklitis P, Carne AF: Dissociation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) from enzyme complexes yields fully active inhibitor. Biochem J 261: 1031-1034, 1989 Google Scholar
DeClerck YA, Yean TD, Lu HS, Ting J, Langley KE: Inhibition of autoproteolytic activation of interstitial procollagenase by recombinant metalloproteinase inhibitor MI/TIMP-2. J Biol Chem 266: 3893-3899, 1991 Google Scholar
Mignatti P, Rifkin DB: Biology and biochemistry of proteinases in tumor invasion. Physiol Rev 73: 161-195, 1993 Google Scholar
Kleiner DE Jr, Stetler-Stevenson WG: Structural biochemistry and activation of matrix metalloproteases. Curr Opin Cell Biol 5: 891-897, 1993 Google Scholar
Lohi J, Lehti Jwestermarck VMK, Keski-Oja J: Regulation of membrane type matrix metalloprteanase-1 expression by growth factors and phorbol12-myristate. Eur J Biochem 239: 239-247, 1996 Google Scholar
Knauper V, Will H, Lopez-Otin C, Smith B, Atkinson SJ, Stanton H, Hembrey RM, Murphy G: Cellular mechanism of human procollagenase-3 (MMP-13) activation: Evidence that MT1-MMP (MMP-14) and gelatinase A (MMP-2) are able to generate active enzyme. J Biol Chem 271: 17124-17131, 1996 Google Scholar
Rajgopalan S, Meng XP, Ramasamy S, Harrison DG, Galis ZS: Reactive oxygen species produced by macrophage-derived foam cells regulate the activity of the vascular metalloproteinases in vitro: Implication for atherosclerotic plaque stability. J Clin Invest 98: 2572-2579, 1996 Google Scholar
Jovinge S, Ares MP, Kallin B, Nilsson J: Human monocytes/Mφ release TNF-α in response to Ox-LDL. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 16: 1573-1579, 1996 Google Scholar
Weiss SJ, Pepper G, Ortiz X, Ragsdale C, Test ST: Oxidative activation of latent collagenase by human neutrophils. Science 227: 747-749, 1985 Google Scholar
Galis ZS, Muszynski M, Sukhova GK, Simon-Morrissey E, Unemori EN, Lark MW, Amento E, Libby P: Cytokine stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extra cellular matrix digestion. Circ Res 75: 181-189, 1997 Google Scholar
Springman EB, Angleton EL, Birkedal-Hansen H, Van Wart HE: Multiple modes of activation of latent human fibroblast collagenase: evidence for the role of a Cys73 active-site zinc-complex in latency and a 'cysteine switch' mechanism for activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 364-368, 1990 Google Scholar
Van Wart HE, Birkedal-Hansen H: The cysteine switch: A principle of regulation of metalloproteinase activity with potential applicability to the entire matrix metalloproteinase gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 5578-5582, 1990 Google Scholar
Sellers A, Cartwright E, Murphy G, Reynolds JJ: Evidence that latent collagenases are enzyme-inhibitor complexes. Biochem J 163: 303-307, 1977 Google Scholar
Murphy G, Sellers A: In: D.E. Woolley, J.M. Evanson (eds). Collagenases in Normal and Pathological Connective Tissues. Willy, New York, 1980, pp 65-81 Google Scholar
Goldberg GI, Wilhelm SM, Kronberger A, Bauer EA, Grant GA, Eisen AZ: Human fibroblast collagenase. Complete primary structure and homology to an oncogene transformation-induced rat protein. J Biol Chem 261: 6600-6605, 1986 Google Scholar
Stricklin GP, Jeffrey JJ, Roswit WT, Eisen AZ: Human skin fibroblast procollagenase: Mechanisms of activation by organomercurials and trypsin. Biochemistry 22: 61-68, 1983 Google Scholar
Macartney HW, Tschesche H: Latent and active human polymorphonuclear leukocyte collagenases. Isolation, purification and characterisation. Eur J Biochem 130: 71-78, 1993 Google Scholar
Macartney HW, Tschesche H: Lantent collagenase from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and activation to collagenase by removal of a inhibitor. FEBS Lett 119: 327-332, 1980 Google Scholar
Van Wart HE: Human neutrophil collagenase. Matrix 11(suppl): 31-36, 1992 Google Scholar
Knauper V, Kramer S, Reinke H, Tschesche H: Characterization and activation of procollagenase from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. N-terminal sequence determination of the proenzyme and various proteolytically activated forms. Eur J Biochem 189: 295-300, 1990 Google Scholar
Weiss SJ, Peppin G, Ortiz X, Ragsdale C, Test ST: Oxidative autoactivation of latent collagenase by human neutrophils. Science 227: 747-749, 1985 Google Scholar
Wize J, Abgarowicz T, Wojtecka-Lukasik E, Ksiezny S, Dancewicz AM: Activation of human leucocyte procollagenase by rheumatoid synovial tissue culture medium. Ann Rheum Dis 34: 520-523, 1975 Google Scholar
Tyree B, Seltzer JL, Halme J, Jeffrey JJ, Eisen AZ: The stoichiometric activation of human skin fibroblast pro-collagenase by factors present in human skin and rat uterus. Arch Biochem Biophys 208: 440-443, 1981 Google Scholar
Grant GA, Eisen AZ, Marmer BI, Roswit WT, Goldberg GI: The activation of human skin fibroblast procollagenase. Sequence identification of the major conversion products. J Biol Chem 262: 5886-5889, 1987 Google Scholar
Peppin GJ, Weiss SJ: Activation of the endogenous metalloproteinase, gelatinase, by triggered human neutrophils. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:4322-4326, 1986 Google Scholar
Salo T, Lyons JG, Rahemtulla F, Birkedal-Hansen H, Larjava H: Transforming growth factor-β1 up-regulates type IV collagenase expression in cultured human keratinicytes. J Biol Chem 266: 11436-11441, 1991 Google Scholar
Overall CM, Wrana JL, Sodek J: Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of 72 kDa gelatinase/type IV collagenase by transforming growth factor-β1 in human fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 266: 14064-14071, 1991 Google Scholar
Matrisian LM: Matrix metalloproteinase gene expression. Ann NY Acad Sci 734: 42-50, 1994 Google Scholar
Delany AM, Brinckerhoff CE: Post-transcriptional regulation of collagenase and stromelysin gene expression by epidermal growth factor and dexamethasone in cultured human fibroblasts. J Cell Biochem 50: 400-410, 1992 Google Scholar
Angel P, Baumann I, Stein B, Delius H, Rahmsdorf HJ, Herrlich P: 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate induction of the human collagenase gene is mediated by an inducible enhancer element located in the 5′-flanking region. Mol Cell Biol 7: 2256-2266, 1987 Google Scholar
Angel P, Imagawa M, Chiu R, Stein B, Imbra RJ, Rahmsford HJ, Jonat C, Herlich P, Karin M: Phorbol ester-inducible genes contain a common cis element recognized by a TPA modulated trans-acting factor. Cell 49: 729-739, 1987 Google Scholar
Karin M, Liu ZG, Zandi F: Ap-1 function and regulation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 9: 240-246, 1997 Google Scholar
Angel P, Karin M: The role of jun, fos and the AP-1 complex in cell proliferation and transformation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1072: 129-157, 1991 Google Scholar
Schonthal A, Herrlich P, Rahmsford HJ, Ponta H: Requirement for fos gene expression in the transcriptional activation of collagenase by other oncogenes and phorbol esters. Cell 54: 325-334, 1988 Google Scholar
Kerr LD, Holt JT, Matrisian LM: Growth factors regulate transin gene expression by c-_fos_-dependent abd c-_fos_-independent pathways. Science 242: 1424-1427, 1988 Google Scholar
Lee JS, Sce RH, Deng T, Shi Y: Adenovirus E1A downregulates cjun-and JunB-mediated transcription by targeting their coactivator p. 300. Mol Cell Biol 16: 4312-4326, 1996 Google Scholar
Doyle GAR, Pierce RA, Parks WC: Transcriptional induction of collagenase-1 in differentiated monocyte-like (U937) cells is regulated by AP-1 and an upstream C/EBP-β site. J Biol Chem 272: 11840-11849, 1997 Google Scholar
Westermarck J, Seth A, Kahari V-M: Differential regulation of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) gene expression by ETS transcription factors. Oncogene 14: 2651-2660, 1997 Google Scholar
Benbow U, Brinckerhoff CE: The AP-1 site and MMP gene regulation: What is all the fuss about? Matrix Biol 15: 519-526, 1997 Google Scholar
Sirum KL, Brinckerhoff CE: Cloning of the genes for human stromelysin and stromelysin 2: Differential expression in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. Biochemistry 28: 8691-8698, 1989 Google Scholar
Auble DT, Brinckerhoff CE: The AP-1 sequence is necessary but not sufficient for phorbol induction of collagenase in fibroblasts. Biochemistry 30: 4629-4635, 1991 Google Scholar
Vincenti MP, White LA, Schroen DJ, Benbow U, Brinckerhoff CE: Regulating expression of the gene for matrix metalloproteinase-1 (collagenase): Mechanism that control enzyme activity, transcription and mRNA stability. Crit Rev Eukaryol Gene Exp 6: 391-411, 1996 Google Scholar
Chiu R, Angel P, Karin M: Jun-B differs in its biological properties from, and is a negative regulator of, c-Jun. Cell 59: 979-986, 1989 Google Scholar
Bergelson S, Daniel V: Cooperative interaction between ETS and AP-1 transcription factors regulates induction of glutathione S-transferase Ya gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 200: 290-297, 1994 Google Scholar
Westermarck J, Lohi J, Keski-Oja J, Kahari VM: Okadaic acid-elicited transcriptional activation of collagenase gene expression in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells is mediated by JunB. Cell Growth Diff 5: 1205-1213, 1994 Google Scholar
Hu E, Mueller F, Oliviero S, Papaioannou VE, Johnson R, Spiegelman BM: Targeted disruption of the c-fos gene demonstrates c-fos-dependent and-independent pathways for gene expression stimulated by growth factors or oncogenes. EMBO J 13: 3094-3103, 1994 Google Scholar
Saez E, Rutberg SE, Mueller F, Oppenheim H, Smoluk J, Yuspa SH, Spiegelman BM: c-fos is required for malignant progression of skin tumors. Cell 82: 721-732, 1995 Google Scholar
Gack S, Vallon R, Schaper J, Ruther U, Angel P: Phenotypic alterations in fos-transgenic mice correlate with changes in Fos/Jun-dependent collagenase type-1 expression. Regulation of mouse metalloproteinases by carcinogens, tumor promoters, cAMP, and Fos oncoprotein. J Biol Chem 269: 10263-10369, 1994 Google Scholar
Levin WJ, Press MF, Gaynor RB, Sukhatme VP, Boone TC, Reissmann PT, Figlin RA, Holmes EC, Souza LM, Slamon DJ: Expression patterns of immediate early transcription factors in human non-small cell lung cancer. The Lung Cancer Study Group. Oncogene 11: 1261-1269, 1995 Google Scholar
Westermarck J, Kahari V-M: Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression in tumor invasion. FASEB J 13: 781-792, 1999 Google Scholar
Quinones S, Saus J, Otani Y, Harris ED Jr, Kurkinen M: Transcriptional regulation of human stromelysin. J Biol Chem 264: 8339-8344, 1989 Google Scholar
Jonat G, Rahmsdorf HJ, Park K-K, Cato ACB, Gebel S, Ponta H, Herrlich P: Antitumor promotion and antiinflammation: Down-modulation of AP-1 (Fos/Jun) activity by glucocorticoid hormone. Cell 62: 1189-1204, 1990 Google Scholar
Yang-Yen HF, Chambard JC, Sun YL, Smeal T, Schmidt TJ, Drouin H, Karin M: Transcriptional interference between c-Jun and the glucocorticoid receptor: Mutual inhibition of DNA binding due to direct protein-protein interaction. Cell 62: 1205-1215, 1990 Google Scholar
Schule R, Rangarajan P, Kliewer S, Ransone LJ, Bolado J, Yang N, Verma IM, Evans RM: Functional antagonism between oncoprotein c-jun and glucocorticoid receptor. Cell 62: 1217-1226, 1990 Google Scholar
Baxter JD, Funder JW: Hormone receptors. N Engl J Med 301: 1149-1161, 1979 Google Scholar
Russell SB, Trupin JS, Myers JC, Broquist AH, Smith JC, Myles ME, Russell JD: Differential glucocorticoid regulation of collagen mRNAs in human dermal fibroblasts. Keloid-derived and fetal fibroblasts are refractory to down-regulation. J Biol Chem 264: 13730-13735, 1989 Google Scholar
Sharrocks AD, Brown AL, Ling Y, Yates PR: The ETS-domain transcription factor family. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 12: 1371-1387, 1997 Google Scholar
Carrere S, Verger A, Flourens A, Stehelin D, Duterque-Coquillaud M: Erg proteins, transcription factors of the Ets family form homo, heterodimers and ternery complexes via two distinct domains. Oncogene 16: 3261-3268, 1998 Google Scholar
McDonnell SE, Kerr LD, Matrisian LM: Epidermal growth factor stimulation of stromelysin mRNA in rat fibroblasts requires induction of proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-jun and activation of protein kinase C. Mol Cell Biol 10: 4284-4293, 1990 Google Scholar
Machida CM, Scott JD, Ciment G: NGF-induction of the metalloproteinase transin/stromelysin in PC12 cells: Involvement of multiple protein kinases. J Cell Biol 114: 1037-1048, 1991 Google Scholar
Kim S-J, Lafyatis R, Kim KY, Angel P, Fujiki H, Karin M, Sporn MB, Roberts AB: Regulation of collagenase gene expression by okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases. Cell Reg: 269-278, 1990
Angel P, Karin M: Specific members of the jun protein family regulate collagenase expression in response to various extracellular stimuli. In: H. Birkedal-Hansen, Z. Werb, H.G. Welgus, H.E. Van Wart (eds). Matrix Metalloproteinase and Inhibitors. Matrix Spec. Suppl. No. 1. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, 1992, pp 156-164 Google Scholar
Minden A, Karin M: Regulation and function of the JNK subgroup of Map kinases. Biochim Biophys Acta 1333: F85-F104, 1997 Google Scholar
Robinson MJ, Cobb MH: Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Curr Opin Cell Biol 9: 180-186, 1997 Google Scholar
Lewis TS, Shapiro PS, Ahn NG: Signal transduction through Map kinase cascades. Adv Cancer Res 74: 49-129, 1998 Google Scholar
Mansour SJ, Matten WT, Hermann AS, Candia JM, Rong S, Fukasawa K, Vande Woude GF, Ahn NG: Transformation of mammalian cells by constitutively active MAP kinase kinase. Science 265: 966-970, 1994 Google Scholar
Cowley S, Paterson H, Kemp P, Marshall CJ: Activation of Map kinase kinase is necessary and sufficient for PC12 differentiation and for transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Cell 77: 841-852, 1994 Google Scholar
Sivraman V, Wang H, Nuovo G, Malbon C: Hyperactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in human breast cancer. J Clin Invest 99: 1478-1483, 1997 Google Scholar
Khosravi-Far R, Campbell S, Rossman KL, Der CJ: Increasing complexity of Ras signal transduction: Involvement of Rho family proteins. Adv Cancer Res 72: 57-107, 1998 Google Scholar
Leppa S, Saffrich R, Ansorge W, Bohmann D: Differential regulation of c-jun by ERK and JNK during PC12 cell differentiation. EMBO J 17: 4404-4413, 1998 Google Scholar
O'Hagan RC, Tozer RG, Symons M, McCormick F, Hassell JA: The activity of the Ets transcription factor PEA3 is regulated by two distinct MAPK cascades. Oncogene 113: 1323-1333, 1996 Google Scholar
Whitmarsh AJ, Cavanagh J, Tournier C, Yasuda J, Davis RJ: A mammalian scaffold complex that selectively mediates MAP kinase activation. Science 281: 1671-1674, 1998 Google Scholar
Schaeffer HJ, Catling AD, Eblen ST, Collier LS, Krauss A, Weber MJ: MP1: A MEK binding partner that enhances enzymatic activation of the MAP kinase cascade. Science 281: 1668-1371, 1998 Google Scholar
Frost JA, Geppert TD, Cobb MH, Feramisco JR: A requirement for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) function in the activation of AP-1 by Ha-Ras, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and serum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 3844-3848, 1994 Google Scholar
Rutter GA, White MR, Tavare JM: Involvement of MAP kinase in insulin signalling revealed by non-invasive imaging of luciferase gene expression in single living cells. Curr Biol 5: 890-899, 1995 Google Scholar
Reunanen N, Westermarck J, Hakkinen L, Holmstrom Th, Elo I, Eriksson JE, Kahari V-M: Enhancement of fibroblast collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1) gene expression by ceramide is mediated by extracellular signal-regulated and stress-activated protein kinase pathways. J Biol Chem 273: 5137-5145, 1998 Google Scholar
Westermarck J, Holmstrom TH, Ahonen M, Ericsson JE, Kahari V-M: Enhancement of collagenase-1 (MMP-1) gene expression by tumor promoter okadaic acid is mediated by stress-activated protein kinase Jun N-terminal kinase and p38. Matrix Biol 17: 547-557, 1998 Google Scholar
Ridley SH, Sarsfield SJ, Lee JC, Bigg HF, Cawston TE, Taylor DJ, DeWitt DL, Saklatvala J: Actions of IL-1 are selectively controlled by p38 mitogen activated protein kinase: Regulation of prostaglandin H synthase-2, metalloproteinases, and IL-6 at different levels. J Immunol 158: 3165-3173, 1997 Google Scholar
Jenkins GM, Crow MT, Bilato C, Gluzband Y, Ryu WS, Li Z, Stetler-Stevenson W, Nater C, Froelich JP, Lakatta EG, Cheng L: Increased expression of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase and preferential localization of matrix metalloproteinase-2 to the neointima of the balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Circulation 97: 82-90, 1998 Google Scholar
Dollery CM, McEwan JR, Wang M, Sang QA, Liu Y, Shi YE: TIMP-4 is regulated by vascular injury in rats. Circ Res 84: 498-504, 1999 Google Scholar
Gurjar MV, Sharma RV, Bhalla RC: eNOS gene transfer inhibits smooth muscle cell migration and MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19: 2871-2877, 1999 Google Scholar
Owens MW, Milligan SA, Jourd'heuil D, Grisham MB: Effects of reactive metabolites of oxygen and nitrogen on gelatinase A activity. Am J Physiol 273: L445-L450, 1997 Google Scholar
Kleiner DE Jr, Tuuttila A, Tryggvason K, Stetler-Stevenson WG: Stability analysis of latent and active 72-kDa type IV collagenase: The role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2). Biochemistry 32: 1583-1592, 1993 Google Scholar
Willenbrock F, Crabbe T, Slocombe PM, Sutton CW, Docherty AJ, Cockett MI, O'Shea M, Brocklehurst K, Phillips IR, Murphy G: The activity of the tissue inhibitors of the metalloproteinases is regulated by C-terminal domain interactions: A kinetic analysis of the inhibition of gelatinase A. Biochemistry 32: 4330-4337, 1993 Google Scholar
Heath JK, Reynolds JJ, Meikle MC: Osteopetrotic (grey-lethal) bone produces collagenase and TIMP in organ culture: Regulation by vitamin A. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 168: 1171-1176, 1990 Google Scholar
Sotturp-Jensen L: α-macroglobulins: Structure, shape and mechanism of proteinase complex formation. J Biol Chem 264: 11539-11542, 1989 Google Scholar
Birkedal-Hansen H, Moore WGI, Bodden MK, Windsor LJ, Birkedal-Hansen B, DeCarlo A, Engler JA: Matrix metalloproteinase: A review. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 4: 197-250, 1993 Google Scholar
Cui W, Fowlis DJ, Bryson S, Duffic E, Ireland H, Balmain A, Akhurst RJ: TGF-β1 inhibits the formation of benign skin tumors, but enhances progression to invasive spindle carcinomas in transgenic mice. Cell 86: 531-542, 1996 Google Scholar
Westermarck J, Hakkinen L, Fiers W, Kahari V-M: TNF-R55-specific form of human tumor necrosis factor-α induces collagenase gene expression by human skin fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 105: 197-202, 1995 Google Scholar
Monia BP, Johnston JF, Geiger T, Muller T, Fabro D: Antitumor activity of phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against C-raf kinase. Nat Med 2: 668-675, 1996 Google Scholar
Gum R, Wang H, Lengyel E, Juarez J, Boyd D: Regulation of 92 kDa type IV collagenase expression of the jun aminoterminal kinase and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent signaling cascades. Oncogene 14: 1481-1493, 1997 Google Scholar
Buttice G, Duterque Coquillaud M, Basuyaux JP, Carrere S, Kurkinen M, Stehelin D: Erg, an Ets family member, differentially regulates human collagenase 1 (MMP-1) and Stromelysin (MMP3) gene expression by physically interacting with the fos/jun complex. Oncogene 13: 2279-2306, 1996 Google Scholar
Shiozawa S, Shimizu K, Tanaka K, Hino K: Studies on the contribution of c-fos/AP-1 to arthritic joint disruption. J Clin Invest 99: 1210-1216, 1997 Google Scholar
Huang C, Ma WY, Dawson MI, Rincon M, Flavell RA, Ong Z: Blocking activators protein-1 activity, but not activating retinoic acid response element, is required for the antitumor promotion effect of retinoic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 5826-5830, 1997 Google Scholar
Hua J, Muschel RJ: Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression by a ribozyme blocks metastasis in a rat sarcoma model system. Cancer Res 56: 5279-5284, 1996 Google Scholar
Gasegawa S, Koshikawa N, Momiyama N, Moriyama K, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Mitsubishi M, Shimada H, Miyazaki K: Matrilysin-specific antisense oligonucleotide inhibits liver metastasis of human colon cancer cells in a nude mice model. Int J Cancer 76: 812-816, 1998 Google Scholar
Li YT, Mctiernan CF, Feldman AM: Interplay of matrix metallo-proteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and their regulators in cardiac matrix remodeling. Cardiovasc Res 46: 214-224, 2000 Google Scholar