- Tonegawa, S. Somatic generation of antibody diversity. Nature 302 , 575–581 (1983).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Lewis, S. M. The mechanism of V(D)J joining: lessons from molecular, immunological, and comparative analyses. Adv. Immunol. 56, 27–150 (1994).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Schatz, D. G., Oettinger, M. A. & Baltimore, D. The V(D)J recombination activating gene (RAG-1). Cell 59, 1035–1048 ( 1989).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Oettinger, M. A., Schatz, D. G., Gorka, C. & Baltimore, D. RAG-1 and RAG-2, adjacent genes that synergistically activate V(D)J recombination. Science 248, 1517–1523 ( 1990).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- McBlane, J. F.et al. Cleavage at a V(D)J recombination signal requires only RAG1 and RAG2 proteins and occurs in two steps. Cell 83, 387–395 (1995).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Eastman, Q. M., Leu, T. M. J. & Schatz, D. G. Initiation of V(D)J recombination in vitro obeying the 12/23 rule. Nature 380, 85– 88 (1996).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- van Gent, D. C., Ramsden, D. A. & Gellert, M. The RAG1 and RAG2 proteins establish the 12/23 rule in V(D)J recombination. Cell 85, 107– 113 (1996).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Sawchuk, D. J.et al. V(D)J recombination: modulation of RAG1 and RAG2 cleavage activity on 12/23 substrates by whole cell extract and DNA bending proteins. J. Exp. Med. 185, 2025–2032 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- van Gent, D. C., Hiom, K., Paull, T. T. & Gellert, M. Stimulation of V(D)J cleavage by high mobility group proteins. EMBO J. 16, 2665–2670 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- van Gent, D. C., Mizuuchi, K. & Gellert, M. Similarities between initiation of V(D)J recombination and retroviral integration. Science 271, 1592–1594 (1996).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Weaver, D. T. What to do at an end—DNA double-strand-break repair. Trends Genet. 11, 388–392 ( 1995).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Chu, G. Double strand break repair. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24097–24100 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Grawunderr, U., West, R. B. & Lieber, M. R. Antigen receptor gene rearrangement. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10, 172–180 (1998).
Article Google Scholar
- Thompson, C. B. New insights into V(D)J recombination and its role in the evolution of the immune system. Immunity 3, 531– 539 (1995).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Lewis, S. M. & Wu, G. E. The origins of V(D)J recombination. Cell 88, 159–162 (1997)
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Litman, G. W.et al. Phylogenetic diversification of immunoglobulin genes and the antibody repertoire. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10, 60–72 (1993).
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Gellert, M. Recent advances in understanding V(D)J recombination. Adv. Immunol. 64, 39–64 ( 1996).
Article Google Scholar
- Craig, N. L. Unity in transposition reactions. Science 270, 253–254 (1995).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Agrawal, A. & Schatz, D. G. RAG1 and RAG2 form a stable post-cleavage synaptic complex with DNA containing signal ends in V(D)J recombination. Cell 89, 43–53 ( 1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Mizuuchi, K. Transpositional recombination: mechanistic insights from studies of Mu and other elements. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 61, 1011–1051 (1992).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Melek, M., Gellert, M. & van gent, D. C. Rejoining of DNA by the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins. Science 280, 301–303 ( 1998).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Spanopoulou, E.et al . The homeodomain of Rag-1 reveals the parallel mechanisms of bacterial and V(D)J recombination. Cell 87, 263–276 (1996).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Weinert, T. A., Derbyshire, K. M., Hughson, F. M. & Grindley, N. D. F. Replicative and conservative transpositional recombination of insertion sequences. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 49, 251–260 (1984).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Benjamin, H. W. & Kleckner, N. Intramolecular transposition by Tn10. Cell 59, 373– 383 (1989).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Isberg, R. R. & Syvanen, M. Tn5 transposes independently of cointegrate resolution. Evidence for an alternative model for transposition. J. Mol. Biol. 182, 69– 78 (1985).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Shoemaker, C., Hoffmann, J., Goff, S. P. & Baltimore, D. Intramolecular integration within Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus DNA. J. Virol. 40, 164–172 ( 1981).
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Lee, Y. M. H. & Coffin, J. M. Efficient autointegration of avian retrovirus DNA in vitro. J. Virol. 64, 5958 –5965 (1990).
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
- Fujiware, T. & Mizuuchi, K. Retroviral DNA integration: structure of an integration intermediate. Cell 54, 497–504 (1988).
Article Google Scholar
- Brown, P. O., Bowerman, B., Varmus, H. E. & Bishop, J. M. Retroviral integration: structure of the initial covalent product and its precursor, and a role for the viral IN protein. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 86, 2525–2529 ( 1989).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Berg, D. E. & Howe, M. M. Mobile DNA(Am. Soc. Microbiol., Washington DC, (1989)).
Google Scholar
- Mizuuchi, K. Polynucleotidyl transfer reactions in transpositional DNA recombination. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 21273–21276 (1992).
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Kleckner, N., Chalmers, R. M., Kwon, D., Sakai, J. & Bolland, S. Tn10 and IS10 transposition and chromosome rearrangements: mechanism and regulation in vivo and in vitro. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 204, 49–82 (1996).
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
- Hiom, K. & Gellert, M. Assembly of a 12/23 paired signal complex: a critical control point in V(D)J recombination. Mol. Cell 1, 1011–1019 ( 1998).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Dyda, F.et al. Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of HIV-1 integrase: similarity to other polynucleotidyl transferases. Science 266, 1981–1986 (1994).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Rice, P., & Mizuuchi, K. Structure of the bacteriophage Mu transposase core: a common structural motif for DNA transposition and retroviral integration. Cell 82, 209– 220 (1995).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Bujacz, G.et al. High-resolution structure of the catalytic domain of avian sarcoma virus integrase. J. Mol. Biol. 253, 333– 346 (1995).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Chalmers, R., Guhathakurta, A., Benjamin, H. & Kleckner, N. IHF modulation of Tn10 transposition: sensory transduction of supercoiling status via a proposed protein/DNA molecular spring. Cell 93, 897–908 (1998).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Craig, N. L. Target site selection in transposition. Annu.. Rev. Biochem. 66, 437–474 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Sakai, J. & Kleckner, N. The Tn10 synaptic complex can capture a target DNA only after transposon excision. Cell 89 , 205–214 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Rast, J. P.et al. α, β, γ and δ T cell antigen receptor genes arose early in vertebrate phylogeny. Immunity 6, 1–11 (1997).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Sakano, H., Hüppi, K., Heinrich, G. & Tonegawa, S. Sequences at the somatic recombination sites of immunoglobulin light-chain genes. Nature 280, 288– 294 (1979).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
- Zwilling, S., König, H. & Wirth, T. High mobility group protein 2 functionally interacts with the POU domains of octamer transcription factors. EMBO J. 14, 1198–1208 ( 1995).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Lewis, S. M. & Hesse, J. E. Cutting and closing without recombination in V(D)J joining. EMBO J. 10, 3631– 3639 (1991).
Article CAS Google Scholar
- Hsieh, C., McCloskey, R. P., Radany, E. & Lieber, M. R. V(D)J recombination: evidence that a replicative mechanism is not required. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 3972– 3977 (1991).
Article CAS Google Scholar