Regulation of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase by MAP kinase (original) (raw)

References

  1. Evans, D. R. in Multidomain Proteins—Structure and Evolution (eds Hardie, D. G. & Coggins, J. R.) 283–331 (Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1986).
    Google Scholar
  2. Jones, M. E. Pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in animals: genes, enzymes, and regulation of UMP biosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 49, 253–279 (1980).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  3. Anderson, P. M. in Nitrogen Metabolism and Excretion (eds Walsh, P. J. &Wright, P. A.) 33–55 (CRC, Boca Raton, Florida, 1995).
    Google Scholar
  4. Aoki, T. & Weber, G. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolyzing): increased activity in cancer cells. Science 212, 463–465 (1981).
    Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  5. Smith, K. A. et al. Regulation and mechanisms of gene amplification. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 347, 49– 56 (1995).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  6. Lewis, T. S., Shapiro, P. S. & Ahn, N. G. Signal transduction through MAP kinase cascades. Adv. Cancer Res. 74, 49– 139 (1998).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  7. Cobb, M. H. & Goldsmith, E. J. How MAP kinases are regulated. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 14843– 14846 (1995).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  8. Davis, R. J. Transcriptional regulation by MAP kinases. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 42, 459–467 (1995).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  9. Gonzalez, F. A., Raden, D. L. & Davis, R. J. Identification of substrate recognition determinants for human ERK1 and ERK2 protein kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 22159–22163 (1991).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  10. van der Geer, P. & Hunter, T. Phosphopeptide mapping and phosphoamino acid analysis by electrophoresis and chromatography on thin-layer cellulose plates. Electrophoresis 15, 544–554 (1994).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  11. Resing, K. A. & Ahn, N. G. Protein phosphorylation analysis by electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry. Methods Enzymol. 283, 29–44 ( 1997).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  12. Shoaf, W. T. & Jones, M. E. Uridylic acid synthesis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Properties, subcellular distribution, and nature of enzyme complexes of the six biosynthetic enzymes. Biochemistry 12, 4039–4051 (1973).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  13. Guy, H. I. & Evans, D. R. Cloning and expression of the mammalian multifunctional protein CAD in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 23808–23816 ( 1994).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  14. Alessi, D. R., Cuenda, A., Cohen, P., Dudley, D. T. & Saltiel, A. R. PD 098059 is a specific inhibitor of the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase in vitro and in vivo . J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27489– 27494 (1995).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  15. Patterson, D. & Carnight, D. V. Biochemical genetic evidence analysis of pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammalian cells: I. Isolation of a mutant defective in the early steps of de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Somat. Cell. Genet. 3, 483– 495 (1977).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  16. Lazarowski, E. R., Homolya, L., Boucher, R. C. & Harden, T. K. Direct demonstration of mechanically induced release of cellular UTP and its implication for uridine nucleotide receptor activation. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24348–24354 ( 1997).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  17. Traut, T. W. Physiological concentrations of purines and pyrimidines. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 140, 1–22 ( 1994).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  18. Carrey, E. A., Campbell, D. G. & Hardie, D. G. Phosphorylation and activation of hamster carbamyl phosphate synthetase II by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. A novel mechanism for regulation of pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. EMBO J. 4, 3735–3742 (1985).
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  19. Shaw, S. M. & Carrey, E. A. Regulation of the mammalian carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II by effectors and phosphorylation. Altered affinity for ATP and magnesium ions measured using the ammonia-dependent part reaction. Eur. J. Biochem. 207, 957–965 (1992).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  20. Banerjei, L. C. & Davidson, J. N. Site-directed substitution of Ser 1406 of hamster CAD with glutamic acid alters the allosteric regulation of carbamyl phosphate synthetase II. Som. Cell. Mol. Genet. 23, 37–49 ( 1997).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  21. Sahay, N., Guy, H. I., Liu, X. & Evans, D. R. Regulation of a Escherichia coli/mammalian chimeric carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 31195– 31202 (1998).
    Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  22. Li, X., Lee, J. W., Graves, L. M. & Earp, H. S. Angiotensin II stimulates ERK via two pathways in epithelial cells: protein kinase C suppresses a G-protein coupled receptor–EGF receptor transactivation pathway. EMBO J. 17, 2574– 2583 (1998).
    Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
  23. Coleman, P. F., Suttle, D. P. & Stark, G. R. Purification from hamster cells of the multifunctional protein that initiates de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. J. Biol. Chem. 252, 6379– 6385 (1977).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Download references