A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif (original) (raw)

Nature volume 385, pages 640–644 (1997)Cite this article

Abstract

Chemokines direct the trafficking of white blood cells in immune surveillance, playing a key role in inflammatory and infectious diseases such as AIDS1–5. All chemokines studied so far are secreted proteins of relative molecular mass ∼7K–15K and fall into three families that are defined by a cysteine signature motif: CXC, CC and C (refs 3, 6, 7), where C is a cysteine and X any amino-acid residue. We report here the identification and characterization of a fourth human chemokine type, derived from non-haemopoietic cells and bearing a new CX3C fingerprint. Unlike other chemokine types, the polypeptide chain of the human CX3C chemokine is predicted to be part of a 373-aminoacid protein that carries the chemokine domain on top of an extended mucin-like stalk. This molecule can exist in two forms: either membrane-anchored or as a shed 95K glycoprotein. The soluble CX3C chemokine has potent chemoattractant activity for T cells and monocytes, and the cell-surface-bound protein, which is induced on activated primary endothelial cells, promotes strong adhesion of those leukocytes. The structure, biochemical features, tissue distribution and chromosomal localization of CX3C chemokine all indicate that it represents a unique class of chemokine that may constitute part of the molecular control of leukocyte traffic at the endothelium.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Subscribe to this journal

Receive 51 print issues and online access

$199.00 per year

only $3.90 per issue

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Additional access options:

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Strieter, R. M. et al. J. Immunol. 156, 3583–3586 (1996).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  2. Baggiolini, M. & Dahinden, C. A. Immunol. Today 104, 27–29 (1994).
    Google Scholar
  3. Schall, T. J. & Bacon, K. B. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 6, 865–873 (1994).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  4. Weiss, R. A. & Clapham, P. R. Nature 381, 647–648 (1996).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  5. Pemack, B. P. & Schall, T. J. Nature Med. 2, 1174–1178 (1996).
    Article Google Scholar
  6. Clore, G. M. & Gronenborn, A. M. FASEB J. 9, 57–62 (1995).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  7. Wells, T. N. et al. J. Leuk. Biol. 59, 53–60 (1996).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  8. Altschul, S. F., Boguski, M. S., Gish, W. & Wootton, J. C. Nature Genet. 6, 119–129 (1994).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  9. Kelner, G. S. et al. Science 266, 1395–1399 (1994).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  10. Lennon, G., Auffray, C., Polymeropoulos, M. & Soares, M. B. Genomics 33, 151–152 (1996).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  11. Gendler, S. J. & Spicer, A. P. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 57, 607–634 (1995).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  12. Hansen, J. E. et al. Biochem. J. 308, 601–813 (1995).
    Article Google Scholar
  13. Shimizu, Y. & Shaw, S. Nature 366, 630–631 (1993).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  14. Bernfield, M. et al. Annu. Rev. Cell. Biol. 8, 365–393 (1992).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  15. Vyas, P., Vickers, M. A., Picketts, D. J. & Higgs, D. R. Genomics 29, 679–689 (1995).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  16. Springer, T. A. Cell 76, 301–314 (1994).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  17. Lasky, L. A. Science 258, 964–969 (1992).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  18. Butcher, E. C. & Picker, L. J. Science 272, 60–66 (1996).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  19. Webb, L. M. C., Ehrengruber, M. U., Clark-Lewis, I., Baggiolini, M. & Rot, A. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90, 7158–7162 (1993).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  20. Tanaka, Y., Adams, D. H. & Shaw, S. Immunol. Today 361, 79–82 (1993).
    CAS Google Scholar
  21. Witt, D. P. & Lander, A. D. Curr. Biol. 4, 394–400 (1994).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  22. Schall, T. J., Bacon, K., Toy, K. J. & Goeddel, D. V. Nature 347, 669–671 (1990).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  23. Dawson, P. E., Muir, T. W., Clark-Lewis, I. & Kent, S. B. Science 266, 776–779 (1994).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. David R. Greaves: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Molecular Biology, DNAX Research Institute, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
    J. Fernando Bazan & Gary Hardiman
  2. Departments of Immunology, DNAX Research Institute, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
    Kevin B. Bacon, Wei Wang, Ken Soo, Devora Rossi, Albert Zlotnik & Thomas J. Schall

Authors

  1. J. Fernando Bazan
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  2. Kevin B. Bacon
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  3. Gary Hardiman
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  4. Wei Wang
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  5. Ken Soo
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  6. Devora Rossi
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  7. David R. Greaves
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  8. Albert Zlotnik
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
  9. Thomas J. Schall
    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bazan, J., Bacon, K., Hardiman, G. et al. A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif.Nature 385, 640–644 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1038/385640a0

Download citation