Racemic amino acids from the ultraviolet photolysis of interstellar ice analogues (original) (raw)

References

1. Oró, J. Comets and the formation of biochemical compounds on the primitive Earth. Nature 190, 389–390 (1961).
   Article ADS Google Scholar
2. Cronin, J. R. & Pizzarello, S. Amino acids in meteorites. Adv. Space Res. 3, 5–18 (1983).
   Article CAS Google Scholar
3. Cronin, J. R. & Chang, S. in Chemistry of Life's Origins (NATO ASI) (eds Greenberg, J. M., Pirronello, V. & Mendoza-Gomez, C.) 209–258 (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1993).
   Book Google Scholar
4. Peltzer, E. T., Bada, J. L., Schlesinger, G. & Miller, S. L. The chemical conditions on the parent body of the Murchison meteorite: Some conclusions based on amino, hydroxy nd dicarboxylic acids. Adv. Space. Res. 4, 69–74 (1984).
   Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
5. Robert, F. & Epstein, S. The concentration and isotopic composition of hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen in carbonaceous meteorites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46, 81–95 (1982).
   Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
6. Lerner, N. R. Influence of Murchison or Allende minerals on hydrogen-dueterium exchange of amino acids. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 1623–1631 (1995).
   Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
7. Lerner, N. R. Influence of Allende minerals on deuterium retention of products of the Strecker synthesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61, 4885–4893 (1997).
   Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
8. Cronin, J. R. & Pizzarello, S. Enantiomeric excesses in meteoritic amino acids. Science 275, 951–955 (1997).
   Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
9. Sandford, S. A. The inventory of interstellar materials available for the formation of the Solar System. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 31, 449–476 (1996).
   Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
10. Gibb, E. L. et al. An inventory of interstellar ices toward the embedded protostar W33A. Astrophys. J. 536, 347–356 (2000).
    Article ADS Google Scholar
11. Gerakines, P. A., Schutte, W. A. & Ehrenfreund, P. Ultraviolet processing of interstellar ice analogs. I. Pure ices. Astron. Astrophys. 312, 289–305 (1996).
    ADS CAS Google Scholar
12. Tegler, S. C. et al. Detection of the 2165 inverse centimeter (4.619 micron) XCN band in the spectrum of L1551 IRS 5. Astrophys. J. 411, 260–265 (1993).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
13. Bernstein, M. P., Sandford, S. A., Allamandola, L. J., Chang, S. & Scharberg, M. A. Organic compounds produced by photolysis of realistic interstellar and cometary ice analogs containing methanol. Astrophys. J. 454, 327–344 (1995).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
14. Kerridge, J. F. Formation and processing of organics in the early Solar System. Space Sci. Rev. 90, 275–288 (1999).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
15. Teixeira, T. C., Devlin, J. P., Buch, V. & Emerson, J. P. Discovery of solid HDO in grain mantles. Astron. Astrophys. 347, L19–L22 (1999).
    ADS CAS Google Scholar
16. Turner, B. E. Deuterated molecules in translucent and dark clouds. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 136, 579–629 (2001).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
17. Lacy, J. H., Faraji, H., Sandford, S. A. & Allamandola, L. J. Unravelling the 10 µm ‘Silicate’ feature of protostars: the detection of frozen interstellar ammonia. Astrophys. J. 501, L105–L109 (1998).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
18. Chiar, J. E. et al. The composition and distribution of dust along the line of sight towards the Galactic center. Astrophys. J. 537, 749–762 (2000).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
19. Allamandola, L. J., Sandford, S. A., Tielens, A. G. G. M. & Herbst, T. M. Spectroscopy of dense clouds in the C-H stretching region: methanol and “diamonds”. Astrophys. J. 399, 134–146 (1992).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
20. Irvine, W. M. Spectroscopic evidence for interstellar ices in Comet Hyakutake. Nature 383, 418–420 (1996).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
21. Allamandola, L. J., Sandford, S. A. & Valero, G. Photochemical and thermal evolution of interstellar/pre-cometary ice analogs. Icarus 76, 225–252 (1988).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
22. Matthews, C. N. & Moser, R. E. Peptide synthesis from hydrogen cyanide and water. Nature 215, 1230–1234 (1967).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
23. Ehrenfreund, P., Bernstein, M. P., Dworkin, J. P., Sandford, S. A. & Allamandola, L. J. The photostability of amino acids in space. Astrophys. J. 550, L95–L99 (2001).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
24. Sorrell, W. H. Origin of amino acids and organic sugars in interstellar clouds. Astrophys. J. 555, L129–L132 (2001).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
25. Rubenstein, E., Bonner, W. A., Brown, G. S. & Bailey, J. Polarized stellar light. Science 283, 1415 (1999).
    Article ADS Google Scholar
26. Rubenstein, E., Bonner, W. A., Noyes, H. P. & Brown, G. S. Supernovae and life. Nature 306, 118 (1983).
    Article ADS Google Scholar
27. Bonner, W. A. & Bean, B. D. Asymmetric photolysis with elliptically polarized light. Orig. Life Evol. Biosphere 30, 513–517 (2000).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
28. Warneck, P. A microwave-powered hydrogen lamp for vacuum ultraviolet photochemical research. Appl. Opt. 1, 721–726 (1962).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
29. Prasad, S. S. & Tarafdar, S. P. UV radiation field inside dense clouds—Its possible existence and chemical implications. Astrophys. J. 267, 603–609 (1983).
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
30. Zhao, M. & Bada, J. L. Determination of alpha-dialkylamino acids and their enantiomers in geological samples by high-performance liquid chromatography after derivatization with a chiral adduct of o-phthaldialdehyde. J. Chromatogr. A 690, 55–63 (1995).
    Article CAS Google Scholar

Download references