A simple model of bipartite cooperation for ecological and organizational networks (original) (raw)

References

  1. Williams, R. J. & Martinez, N. Simple rules yield complex food webs. Nature 404, 180–183 (2000)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  2. Cattin, M. F., Bersier, L. F., Banasek-Richter, C., Baltensperger, R. & Gabriel, J. P. Phylogenetic constraints and adaptation explain food-web structure. Nature 427, 835–839 (2004)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  3. Stouffer, D. B., Camacho, J., Guimerà, R., Ng, C. A. & Nunes Amaral, L. A. Quantitative patterns in the structure of model and empirical food webs. Ecology 86, 1301–1311 (2005)
    Article Google Scholar
  4. Dunne, J. A., Williams, R. J., Martinez, N. D., Wood, R. A. & Erwin, D. H. Compilation and network analyses of Cambrian food webs. PLoS Biol. 6, 693–708 (2008)
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  5. Petchey, O. L., Beckerman, A. P., Riede, J. O. & Warren, P. H. Size, foraging, and food web structure. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 4191–4196 (2008)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  6. Allesina, S., Alonso, D. & Pascual, M. A general model for food web structure. Science 320, 658–661 (2008)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  7. Bascompte, J. & Jordano, P. in Ecological Networks: Linking Structure to Dynamics in Food Webs (eds Pascual, M. & Dunne, J. A.) 143–159 (Oxford Univ. Press, 2006)
    Google Scholar
  8. Jordano, P., Bascompte, J. & Olesen, J. M. Invariant properties in coevolutionary networks of plant-animal interactions. Ecol. Lett. 6, 69–81 (2003)
    Article Google Scholar
  9. Bascompte, J., Jordano, P., Melián, C. J. & Olesen, J. M. The nested assembly of plant–animal mutualistic networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 9383–9387 (2003)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  10. Olesen, J. M., Bascompte, J., Dupont, Y. L. & Jordano, P. The modularity of pollination networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 19891–19896 (2007)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  11. Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W. & Earls, F. Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science 277, 918–924 (1997)
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  12. Ostrom, E., Burger, J., Field, C. B., Norgaard, R. B. & Policansky, D. Revisiting the commons: Local lessons, global challenges. Science 284, 278–282 (1999)
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  13. Hammerstein, P. (ed.) Genetic and Cultural Evolution of Cooperation (MIT Press, 2003)
    Book Google Scholar
  14. Ohtsuki, H., Hauert, C., Lieberman, E. & Nowak, M. A. A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation on graphs and social networks. Nature 441, 502–505 (2006)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  15. Bronstein, J. L. The exploitation of mutualisms. Ecol. Lett. 4, 277–287 (2001)
    Article Google Scholar
  16. Waser, N. M., Chittka, L., Price, M. V., Williams, N. M. & Ollerton, J. Generalization in pollination systems, and why it matters. Ecology 77, 1043–1060 (1996)
    Article Google Scholar
  17. Noë, R. & Hammerstein, P. Biological markets: supply and demand determine the effect of partner choice in cooperation, mutualism and mating. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 35, 1–11 (1994)
    Article Google Scholar
  18. Olesen, J. M. & Jordano, P. Geographic patterns in plant–pollinator mutualistic networks. Ecology 83, 2416–2424 (2002)
    Google Scholar
  19. Guimarães, P. R., Rico-Gray, V., Furtado dos Reis, S. & Thompson, J. N. Asymmetries in specialization in ant–plant mutualistic networks. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 273, 2041–2047 (2006)
    Article Google Scholar
  20. Rezende, E. L., Lavabre, J. E., Guimarães, P. R., Jordano, P. & Bascompte, J. Non-random coextinctions in phylogenetically structured mutualistic networks. Nature 448, 925–928 (2007)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  21. Santamaría, L. & Rodríguez-Gironés, A. Linkage rules for plant-pollinator networks: Trait complementarity or exploitation barriers? PLoS Biol. 5, 354–362 (2007)
    Article Google Scholar
  22. Guimarães, P. R. et al. Building-up mechanisms determining the topology of mutualistic networks. J. Theor. Biol. 249, 181–189 (2007)
    Article Google Scholar
  23. Uzzi, B. The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economic performance of organizations: the network effect. Am. Sociol. Rev. 61, 674–698 (1996)
    Article Google Scholar
  24. Carroll, G. R. & Hannan, M. T. The Demography of Corporations and Industries (Princeton Univ. Press, 2004)
    Google Scholar
  25. Podolny, J. M. Status Signals: A Sociological Study of Market Competition (Princeton Univ. Press, 2005)
    Google Scholar
  26. Amaral, L. A. N., Scala, A., Barthélémy, M. & Stanley, H. E. Classes of small-world networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 11149–11152 (2000)
    Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
  27. Moody, J. & White, D. R. Structural cohesion and embeddedness: A hierarchical concept of social groups. Am. Sociol. Rev. 68, 103–127 (2003)
    Article Google Scholar
  28. Rodríguez-Gironés, M. A. & Santamaría, L. A new algorithm to calculate the nestedness temperature of presence–absence matrices. J. Biogeography 33, 924–935 (2006)
    Article Google Scholar
  29. Girvan, M. & Newman, M. E. J. Community structure in social and biological networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 7821–7826 (2002)
    Article ADS MathSciNet CAS Google Scholar
  30. Guimerà, R. & Nunes Amaral, L. A. Functional cartography of complex metabolic networks. Nature 433, 895–900 (2005)
    Article ADS Google Scholar

Download references