Uncoupling the mechanisms of obesity and hypertension by targeting hypothalamic IKK-β and NF-κB (original) (raw)

• Schwartz, M.W. & Porte, D. Jr. Diabetes, obesity, and the brain. Science 307, 375–379 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Münzberg, H. & Myers, M.G. Jr. Molecular and anatomical determinants of central leptin resistance. Nat. Neurosci. 8, 566–570 (2005).
  Article Google Scholar
• Howard, J.K. & Flier, J.S. Attenuation of leptin and insulin signaling by SOCS proteins. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 17, 365–371 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Osborn, J.W., Fink, G.D., Sved, A.F., Toney, G.M. & Raizada, M.K. Circulating angiotensin II and dietary salt: converging signals for neurogenic hypertension. Curr. Hypertens. Rep. 9, 228–235 (2007).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Veerasingham, S.J. & Raizada, M.K. Brain renin-angiotensin system dysfunction in hypertension: recent advances and perspectives. Br. J. Pharmacol. 139, 191–202 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Veerasingham, S.J., Sellers, K.W. & Raizada, M.K. Functional genomics as an emerging strategy for the investigation of central mechanisms in experimental hypertension. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 84, 107–123 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Campese, V.M. et al. Reactive oxygen species stimulate central and peripheral sympathetic nervous system activity. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287, H695–H703 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Guyenet, P.G. The sympathetic control of blood pressure. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 335–346 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Wofford, M.R. & Hall, J.E. Pathophysiology and treatment of obesity hypertension. Curr. Pharm. Des. 10, 3621–3637 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Dampney, R.A. et al. Long-term regulation of arterial blood pressure by hypothalamic nuclei: some critical questions. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 32, 419–425 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Haynes, W.G. Role of leptin in obesity-related hypertension. Exp. Physiol. 90, 683–688 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Rahmouni, K., Correia, M.L., Haynes, W.G. & Mark, A.L. Obesity-associated hypertension: new insights into mechanisms. Hypertension 45, 9–14 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hall, J.E. et al. Obesity-induced hypertension: role of sympathetic nervous system, leptin, and melanocortins. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 17271–17276 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Shoelson, S.E. & Goldfine, A.B. Getting away from glucose: fanning the flames of obesity-induced inflammation. Nat. Med. 15, 373–374 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hotamisligil, G.S. Inflammation and metabolic disorders. Nature 444, 860–867 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lehrke, M. & Lazar, M.A. Inflamed about obesity. Nat. Med. 10, 126–127 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Petersen, K.F. & Shulman, G.I. Etiology of insulin resistance. Am. J. Med. 119, S10–S16 (2006).
  Article Google Scholar
• Berg, A.H. & Scherer, P.E. Adipose tissue, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Circ. Res. 96, 939–949 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Muoio, D.M. & Newgard, C.B. Obesity-related derangements in metabolic regulation. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 75, 367–401 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Schenk, S., Saberi, M. & Olefsky, J.M. Insulin sensitivity: modulation by nutrients and inflammation. J. Clin. Invest. 118, 2992–3002 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Duan, S.Z., Usher, M.G. & Mortensen, R.M. PPARs: the vasculature, inflammation and hypertension. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 18, 128–133 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Harrison, D.G., Guzik, T.J., Goronzy, J. & Weyand, C. Is hypertension an immunologic disease? Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 10, 464–469 (2008).
  Article Google Scholar
• Savoia, C. & Schiffrin, E.L. Inflammation in hypertension. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 15, 152–158 (2006).
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Shoelson, S.E., Lee, J. & Goldfine, A.B. Inflammation and insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest. 116, 1793–1801 (2006).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Cai, D. NFkappaB-mediated metabolic inflammation in peripheral tissues versus central nervous system. Cell Cycle 8, 2542–2548 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Zhang, X. et al. Hypothalamic IKKβ/NF-κB and ER stress link overnutrition to energy imbalance and obesity. Cell 135, 61–73 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kleinridders, A. et al. MyD88 signaling in the CNS is required for development of fatty acid-induced leptin resistance and diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab. 10, 249–259 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Posey, K.A. et al. Hypothalamic proinflammatory lipid accumulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 296, E1003–E1012 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Goncalves, A.C. et al. Diabetic hypertensive leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice develop cardioregulatory autonomic dysfunction. Hypertension 53, 387–392 (2009).
  Article Google Scholar
• Hayden, M.S. & Ghosh, S. Shared principles in NF-κB signaling. Cell 132, 344–362 (2008).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, A. & Baltimore, D. Circuitry of nuclear factor κB signaling. Immunol. Rev. 210, 171–186 (2006).
  Article Google Scholar
• Vallabhapurapu, S. & Karin, M. Regulation and function of NF-κB transcription factors in the immune system. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27, 693–733 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Li, Q. & Verma, I.M. NF-κB regulation in the immune system. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2, 725–734 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Faustman, D. & Davis, M. TNF receptor 2 pathway: drug target for autoimmune diseases. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 9, 482–493 (2010).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Xu, A.W. et al. PI3K integrates the action of insulin and leptin on hypothalamic neurons. J. Clin. Invest. 115, 951–958 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kuo, J.J., da Silva, A.A., Tallam, L.S. & Hall, J.E. Role of adrenergic activity in pressor responses to chronic melanocortin receptor activation. Hypertension 43, 370–375 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Greenfield, J.R. et al. Modulation of blood pressure by central melanocortinergic pathways. N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 44–52 (2009).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Tallam, L.S., Stec, D.E., Willis, M.A., da Silva, A.A. & Hall, J.E. Melanocortin-4 receptor–deficient mice are not hypertensive or salt-sensitive despite obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia. Hypertension 46, 326–332 (2005).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Farah, V.M., Joaquim, L.F., Bernatova, I. & Morris, M. Acute and chronic stress influence blood pressure variability in mice. Physiol. Behav. 83, 135–142 (2004).
  Article CAS Google Scholar