Can we conquer pain? (original) (raw)

References

  1. Julius, D. & Basbaum, A.I. Molecular mechanisms of nociception. Nature 413, 203–210 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  2. Woolf, C.J. & Salter, M.W. Neuronal plasticity—increasing the gain in pain. Science 288, 1765–1768 (2000).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  3. Sindrup, S.H. & Jensen, T.S. Efficacy of pharmacological treatments of neuropathic pain: an update and effect related to mechanism of drug action. Pain 83, 389–400 (1999).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  4. Lynch, D. in Practical Management of Pain 3rd edn. (ed. Raj, P.P.) 270–293 (Mosby, St. Louis, Missouri, 2000).
    Google Scholar
  5. Woolf, C.J. & Mannion, R.J. Neuropathic pain: aetiology, symptoms, mechanisms, and management. Lancet 353, 1959–1964 (1999).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  6. Porreca, F., Ossipov, M.H. & Gebhart, G.F. Chronic pain and medullary descending facilitation. Trends Neurosci. 25, 319–325 (2002).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  7. Boddeke, E.W. Involvement of chemokines in pain. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 429, 115–119 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  8. Mantyh, P.W., Clohisy, D.R., Koltzenburg, M. & Hunt, S.P. Molecular mechanisms of cancer pain. Nature Rev.Cancer 2, 201–209 (2002).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  9. Fields, H.L. Pain modulation: expectation, opioid analgesia and virtual pain. Prog. Brain Res. 122, 245–253 (2000).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  10. Woolf, C.J. & Max, M.B. Mechanism-based pain diagnosis: issues for analgesic drug development. Anesthesiol. 95, 241–249 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  11. Hunt, S.P. & Mantyh, P.W. The molecular dynamics of pain control. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2, 83–91 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  12. Svensson, C.I. & Yaksh, T.L. The spinal phospholipase-cyclooxygenase-prostanoid cascade in nociceptive processing. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 42, 553–583 (2002).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  13. Burstein, R., Yarnitsky, D., Goor-Aryeh, I., Ransil, B.J. & Bajwa, Z.H. An association between migraine and cutaneous allodynia. Ann. Neurol. 47, 614–624 (2000).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  14. Sarkar, S., Aziz, Q., Woolf, C.J., Hobson, A.R. & Thompson, D.G. Contribution of central sensitisation to the development of non-cardiac chest pain. Lancet 356, 1154–1159 (2000).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  15. Watkins, L.R., Milligan, E.D. & Maier, S.F. Glial activation: a driving force for pathological pain. Trends Neurosci. 24, 450–455 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  16. Rittner, H.L. et al. Opioid peptide-expressing leukocytes: identification, recruitment, and simultaneously increasing inhibition of inflammatory pain. Anesthesiology 95, 500–508 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  17. Rose, M.A. & Kam, P.C. Gabapentin: pharmacology and its use in pain management. Anaesthesia 57, 451–462 (2002).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  18. Goadsby, P.J., Lipton, R.B. & Ferrari, M.D. Migraine—current understanding and treatment. N. Engl. J. Med. 346, 257–270 (2002).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  19. FitzGerald, G.A. & Patrono, C. The coxibs, selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2. N. Engl. J. Med. 345, 433–442 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  20. Flores, C.M. & Mogil, J.S. The pharmacogenetics of analgesia: toward a genetically-based approach to pain management. Pharmacogenomics 2, 177–194 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  21. Desmeules, J.A., Oestreicher, M.K., Piguet, V., Allaz, A.F. & Dayer, P. Contribution of cytochrome P-4502D6 phenotype to the neuromodulatory effects of dextromethorphan. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 288, 607–612 (1999).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
  22. Wood, J.N. II. Genetic approaches to pain therapy. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 278, G507–G512 (2000).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  23. Mogil, J.S. The genetic mediation of individual differences in sensitivity to pain and its inhibition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 7744–7751 (1999).
    Article CAS Google Scholar
  24. Becerra, L., Breiter, H.C., Wise, R., Gonzalez, R.G. & Borsook, D. Reward circuitry activation by noxious thermal stimuli. Neuron 32, 927–946 (2001).
    Article CAS Google Scholar

Download references