Targeted disruption of the K-Ras oncogene in an invasive colon cancer cell line down-regulates urokinase receptor expression and plasminogen-dependent proteolysis (original) (raw)

References

• Adler, V., Unlap, T. & Kraft, A. S. (1994). A peptide encoding the c-Jun δ domain inhibits the activity of a c-Jun amino-terminal protein kinase. J Biol Chem 269: 11186–11191.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Ahnen, D. J., Feigl, P., Quan, G., Fenoglio-Preiser, C., Lovato, L. C., Bunn, P. A., Stemmerman, G., Wells, J. D., MacDonald, J. S. & Meyskens, F. L. (1998). Ki-ras mutation and p53 overexpression predict the clinical behavior of colorectal cancer: a southwest oncology group study. Cancer Res 58: 1149–1158.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Allgayer, H., Heiss, M. M., Riesenberg, R., Grutzner, K. U., Tarabichi, A., Babic, R. & Schildberg, F. W. (1997). Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPA-R): one potential characteristic of metastatic phenotypes in minimal residual tumor disease. Cancer Res 57: 1394–1399.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Allgayer, H., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Heiss, M. M., Bauer, R., Nyormoi, O. & Boyd, D. (1999). Transactivation of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene through a novel promoter motif bound with an activator protein-2α-related factor. J Biol Chem 274: 4702–4714.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Behrendt, N., Ploug, M., Patthy, L., Houen, G., Blasi, F. & Dano, K. (1991). The ligand-binding domain of the cell surface receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 266: 7842–7847.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Bohuslav, J., Horejsi, V., Hansmann, C., Stockl, J., Weidle, U. H., Majdic, O., Bartke, I., Knapp, W. & Stockinger, H. (1995). Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, B2-integrins, and Src-kinases within a single receptor complex of human monocytes. J Exp Med 181: 1381–1390.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Bos, J. L. (1989). ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res 49: 4682–4689.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Boyd, D., Florent, G., Kim, P. & Brattain, M. G. (1988). Determination of the levels of urokinase and its receptor in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Res 48: 3112–3116.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Buard, A., Zipfel, P. A., Frey, R. S. & Mulder, K. M. (1996). Maintenance of growth factor signalling through Ras in human colon carcinoma cells containing K-ras mutations. Int J Cancer 67: 539–546.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Burnette, W. (1981). “Western Blotting” Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels to unmodified nitrocellulose and radiographic detection with antibody and radioiodinated protein A. Analyt Biochem 112: 195–203.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Casey, J. R., Petranka, J. G., Kottra, J., Fleenor, D. E. & Rosse, W. F. (1994). The structure of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene. Blood 84: 1151–1156.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Conese, M., Olson, D. & Blasi, F. (1994). Protease nexin-1-urokinase complexes are internalized and degraded through a mechanism that requires both urokinase receptor and α2-macroglobulin receptor. J Biol Chem 269: 17886–17892.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Cubellis, M., Wun, T. & Blasi, F. (1990). Receptor-mediated internalization and degradation of urokinase is caused by its specific inhibitor PAI-1. Eur Mol Biol Organ 9: 1079–1085.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ellis, V., Behrendt, N. & Dano, K. (1991). Plasminogen activation by receptor-bound urokinase. J Biol Chem 266: 12,752–12,758.
  CAS Google Scholar
• Ganesh, S., Sier, C. F. M., Heerding, M. M., Griffioen, G., Lamers, C. B. H. & Verspaget, H. W. (1994). Urokinase receptor and colorectal cancer survival. Lancet 344: 401–402.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Gille, H., Sharrocks, A. D. & Shaw, P. E. (1992). Phosphorylation of transcription factor p62tcf by MAP kinase stimulates ternary complex formation at c-fos promoter. Nature 358: 414–417.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Gum, R., Juarez, J., Allgayer, H., Mazar, A., Wang, Y. & Boyd, D. (1998). Stimulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor expression by PMA requires JNK1-dependent and -independent signaling modules. Oncogene 17: 213–226.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Herrera-Velit, P., Knutson, K. L. & Reiner, N. E. (1997). Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent activation of protein kinase C-zeta in bacterial lipopolylsaccharide-treated human monocytes. J Biol Chem 272: 16445–16452.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hibi, M., Lin, A., Minden, A. & Karin, M. (1993). Identification of an oncoprotein- and uv-responsive protein kinase that binds and potentiates the c-Jun activation domain. Genes Dev 7: 2135–2148.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Higazi, A., Cohen, R., Henkin, J., Kniss, D., Schwartz, B. S. & Cines, D. (1995). Enhancement of the enzymatic activity of single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator by soluble urokinase receptor. J Biol Chem 270: 17375–17380.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hollas, W., Blasi, F. & Boyd, D. (1991). Role of the urokinase receptor in facilitating extracellular matrix invasion by cultured colon cancer. Cancer Res 51: 3690–3695.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Janknecht, O. R. & Hunter, T. (1997). Activation of the Sap-1a transcription factor by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 272: 4219–4224.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Jankun, J., Maher, V. & McCormick, J. (1991). Malignant transformation of human fibroblasts correlates with increased activity of receptor-bound plasminogen activator. Cancer Res 51: 1221–1226.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Kariko, K., Kuo, A., Boyd, D., Okada, S., Cines, D. & Barnathan, E. (1993). Overexpression of urokinase receptor increases matrix invasion without altering cell migration in a human osteosarcoma cell line. Cancer Res 53: 3109–3117.
  CAS Google Scholar
• Kook, Y. H., Adamski, J., Zelent, A. & Ossowski, L. (1994). The effect of antisense inhibition of urokinase receptor in human squamous cell carcinoma on malignancy. Eur Mol Biol Organ 13: 3983–3991.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lengyel, E., Wang, H., Gum, R., Simon, C., Wang, Y. & Boyd, D. (1997). Elevated urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor expression in a colon cancer cell line is due to a constitutively activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1-dependent signaling cascade. Oncogene 14: 2563–2573.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lengyel, E., Wang, H., Stepp, E., Juarez, J., Doe, W., Pfarr, C. M. & Boyd, D. (1996). Requirement of an upstream AP-1 motif for the constitutive and phorbol ester-inducible expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene. J Biol Chem 271: 23176–23184.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lund, L., Ronne, E., Roldan, A., Behrendt, N., Romer, J., Blasi, F. & Dano, K. (1991). Urokinase receptor mRNA level and gene transcription are strongly and rapidly increased by phorbol myristate acetate in human monocyte-like U937 cells. J Biol Chem 266: 5177–5181.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Lund, L. R., Ellis, V., Ronne, E., Pyke, C. & Dano, K. (1995). Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator by cytokines and tumor promoters in the human lung carcinoma cell line A549. Biochem J 310: 345–352.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lund, L. R., Ellis, V., Ronne, E., Pyke, C. & Dano, K. (1995). Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator by cytokines and tumor promoters in the human lung carcinoma cell line A549. Biochem J 310: 345–352.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Mechta, F., Lallemand, D., Pfarr, C. M. & Yaniv, M. (1997). Transformation by ras modifies AP1 composition and activity. Oncogene 14: 837–847.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Minden, A., Lin, A., McMahon, M., Lange-Carter, C., Derijard, B., Davis, R. J., Johnson, G. L. & Karin, M. (1994a). Differential activation of ERK and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases by raf-1 and MEKK. Science 266: 1719–1722.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Minden, A., Lin, A., Smeal, T., Derijard, B., Cobb, M., Davis, R. & Karin, M. (1994b). c-Jun N-terminal phosphorylation correlates with activation of the JNK subgroup but not the ERK subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Mol Cell Biol 14: 6683–6688.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Moller, L., Pollanen, J., Ronne, E., Pedersen, N. & Blasi, F. (1993). N-linked glycosylation of the ligand-binding domain of the human urokinase receptor contributes to the affinity for its ligand. J Biol Chem 268: 11152–11159.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Nead, M. A. & McCance, D. J. (1995). Poly-L-ornithine-mediated transfection of human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 105: 668–671.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Nicolson, G. L., Gallick, G. E., Dulski, K., Spohn, W. H., Lembo, T. M. & Tainsky, M. A. (1990). Lack of correlation between intercellular junctional communication, p21 rasEJ expression, and spontaneous metastatic properties of rat mammary cells after transfection with c-Ha-ras or neo genes. Oncogene 5: 747–753.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Nielsen, L., Hansen, J., Skriver, L., Wilson, E., Kaltoft, K., Zenthen, J. & Dano, K. (1982). Purification of zymogen to plasminogen activator from human glioblastoma cells by affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibody. Biochemistry 21: 6410–6415.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Nykjaer, A., Conese, M., Cremona, O., Gliemann, J. & Blasi, F. (1997). Recycling of the urokinase receptor upon internalization of the uPA:serpin complexes. Eur Mol Biol Organ 16: 2610–2620.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ohmori, M., Shirasawa, S., Furuse, M., Okumura, K. & Sasazuki, T. (1997). Activated Ki-ras enhances sensitivity of ceramide-induced apoptosis without c-Jun NH2- terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 57: 4714–4717.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Picone, R., Kajtaniak, E., Nielsen, L., Behrendt, N., Mastronicola, M., Cubellis, M. V., Stoppelli, M. P., Pedersen, S., Dano, K. & Blasi, F. (1989). Regulation of urokinase receptors in monocyte like cells U937 by phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate. J Cell Biol 108: 693–702.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Pyke, C., Kristensen, P., Ralfkiaer, E., Grondahl-Hansen, J., Eirksen, J., Blasi, F. & Dano, K. (1991). Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is expressed in stromal cells and its receptor in cancer cells at invasive foci in human colon adenocarcinomas. Am J Pathol 138: 1059–1067.
  CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Pyke, C., Eriksen, J., Solberg, H., Schnack, B., Nielsen, S., Kristensen, P., Lund, L. R. & Dano, K. (1993). An alternatively spliced variant of mRNA for the human receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator. FEBS 326: 69–74.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Quattrone, A., Fibbi, G., Anichini, E., Pucci, M., Zamperini, A., Capaccioli, S. & Del Rosso, M. (1995). Reversion of the invasive phenotype of transformed human fibroblasts by anti-messenger oligonucleotide inhibition of urokinase receptor gene expression. Cancer Res 55: 90–95.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Riittinen, L., Limongi, P., Crippa, M. P., Conese, M., Hernandez-Marrero, L., Fazioli, F. & Blasi, F. (1996). Removal of domain D2 or D3 of the human urokinase receptor does not affect ligand affinity. FEBS Lett 381: 1–6.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Robbins, K. C., Summaria, L., Hsieh, B. & Shah, R. (1967). The peptide chains of human plasmin. J Biol Chem 242: 2333–2342.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Viciana, P., Warne, P. H., Dhand, R., Vanhaesebroeck, B., Gout, I., Fry, M. J., Waterfield, M. D. & Downward, J. (1994). Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase as a direct target of ras. Nature 370: 527–532.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Roldan, A., Cubellis, M., Masucci, M., Behrendt, N., Lund, L., Dano, K., Appella, E. & Blasi, F. (1990). Cloning and expression of the receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator, a central molecule in cell surface, plasmin dependent proteolysis. Eur Mol Biol Organ 9: 467–474.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Russell, M., Lange-Carter, C. A. & Johnson, G. L. (1995). Direct interaction between ras and the kinase domain of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEKK1). J Biol Chem 270: 11757–11760.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Schlechte, W., Murano, G. & Boyd, D. D. (1989). Examination of the role of the urokinase receptor in human colon cancer mediated laminin degradation. Cancer Res 49: 6064–6069.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Shetty, S., Kumar, A. & Idell, S. (1997). Posttranscriptional regulation of urokinase receptor mRNA: identification of a novel urokinase receptor mRNA binding protein in human mesothelioma cells. Mol Cell Biol 17: 1075–1083.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Shirasawa, S., Furuse, M., Yokoyama, N. & Sasazuki, T. (1993). Altered growth of human colon cancer cell lines disrupted at activated. Ki-ras Science 260: 85–88.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Stoppelli, M. P., Tacchetti, C., Cubellis, M., Corti, A., Hearing, V., Cassani, G., Appella, E. & Blasi, F. (1986). Autocrine saturation of pro-urokinase receptors on human A431 cells. Cell 45: 675–684.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Vagnarelli, P., Raimondi, E., Mazzieri, R., De Carli, L. & Migantti, P. (1992). Assignment of the human urokinase receptor gene (PLAU) to 19q13. Cytogenet Cell Genet 60: 197–199.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Vassalli, J., Baccino, D. & Belin, D. (1985). A cellular binding site for the Mr 55,000 form of the human plasminogen activator, urokinase. J Cell Biol 100: 86–92.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Dang, J., Johnson, L. K., Selhamer, J. J. & Doe, W. F. (1995). Structure of the human urokinase receptor gene and its similarity to CD59 and the Ly-6 family. Eur J Biochem 227: 116–122.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Wei, Y., Lukashev, M., Simon, D. I., Bodary, S. C., Rosenberg, S., Doyle, M. V. & Chapman, H. A. (1996). Regulation of integrin function by the urokinase receptor. Science 273: 1551–1555.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Wilhelm, O., Weilde, U., Rettenberger, S., Schmitt, M. & Graeff, H. (1994). Recombinant soluble urokinase receptor as a scavenger for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Inhibition of proliferation and invasion of human ovarian cancer cells. FEBS Lett 337: 131–134.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Winkler, D. G., Johnson, J. C., Cooper, J. A. & Vojtek, A. B. (1997). Identification and characterization of mutations in Ha-Ras that selectively decrease binding to cRaf-1. J Biol Chem 272: 24402–24409.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Yebra, M., Parry, G. C. N., Stromblad, S., Mackman, N., Rosenberg, S., Mueller, B. M. & Cheresh, D. A. (1996). Requirement of receptor-bound urokinase-type plasminogen activator for integrin αvβ 5-directed cell migration. J Biol Chem 271: 29393–29399.
  Article CAS Google Scholar

Download references