A remote and highly conserved enhancer supports amygdala specific expression of the gene encoding the anxiogenic neuropeptide substance-P (original) (raw)

• Golden RN . Making advances where it matters: improving outcomes in mood and anxiety disorders. CNS Spectrosc 2004; 9 (6 Suppl 4): 14–22.
  Article Google Scholar
• Huezo-Diaz P, Tandon K, Aitchison KJ . The genetics of depression and related traits. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2005; 7: 117–124.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Coplan JD, Lydiard RB . Brain circuits in panic disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 44: 1264–1276.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Misslin R . The defense system of fear: behavior and neurocircuitry. Neurophysiol Clin 2003; 33: 55–66.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Sajdyk TJ, Shekhar A, Gehlert DR . Interactions between NPY and CRF in the amygdala to regulate emotionality. Neuropeptides 2004; 38: 225–234.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Watanabe T, Nakagawa T, Yamamoto R, Maeda A, Minami M, Satoh M . Involvement of glutamate receptors within the central nucleus of the amygdala in naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal-induced conditioned place aversion in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 2002; 88: 399–406.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• McBride WJ . Central nucleus of the amygdala and the effects of alcohol and alcohol-drinking behavior in rodents. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002; 71: 509–515.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Neugebauer V, Li W, Bird GC, Han JS . The amygdala and persistent pain. Neuroscientist 2004; 10: 221–234.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Takahashi LK, Nakashima BR, Hong H, Watanabe K . The smell of danger: a behavioral and neural analysis of predator odor-induced fear. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2005; 29: 1157–1167.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Carrasco GA, Van de Kar LD . Neuroendocrine pharmacology of stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 463: 235–272.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• MacKenzie A, Quinn JP . Post-genomic approaches to exploring neuropeptide gene mis-expression in disease. Neuropeptides 2004; 38: 1–15.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Adell A . Antidepressant properties of substance P antagonists: relationship to monoaminergic mechanisms? Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord 2004; 3: 113–121.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Bosker FJ, Westerink BH, Cremers TI, Gerrits M, van der Hart MG, Kuipers SD et al. Future antidepressants: what is in the pipeline and what is missing? CNS Drugs 2004; 18: 705–732.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Herpfer I, Lieb K . Substance P receptor antagonists in psychiatry: rationale for development and therapeutic potential. CNS Drugs 2005; 19: 275–293.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Pennefather JN, Lecci A, Candenas ML, Patak E, Pinto FM, Maggi CA . Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors: a growing family. Life Sci 2004; 74: 1445–1463.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Maggi CA . The mammalian tachykinin receptors. Gen Pharmacol 1995; 26: 911–944.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• De Felipe C, Herrero JF, O'Brien JA, Palmer JA, Doyle CA, Smith AJ et al. Altered nociception, analgesia and aggression in mice lacking the receptor for substance P. Nature 1998; 392: 394–397.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Bilkei-Gorzo A, Racz I, Michel K, Zimmer A . Diminished anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in mice with selective deletion of the Tac1 gene. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 10046–10052.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Ribeiro-da-Silva A, Hokfelt T . Neuroanatomical localisation of Substance P in the CNS and sensory neurons. Neuropeptides 2000; 34: 256–271.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Yao R, Rameshwar P, Donnelly RJ, Siegel A . Neurokinin-1 expression and co-localization with glutamate and GABA in the hypothalamus of the cat. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1999; 71: 149–158.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Sergeyev V, Fetissov S, Mathe AA, Jimenez PA, Bartfai T, Mortas P et al. Neuropeptide expression in rats exposed to chronic mild stresses. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005; 178: 115–124.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ebner K, Rupniak NM, Saria A, Singewald N . Substance P in the medial amygdala: emotional stress-sensitive release and modulation of anxiety-related behavior in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 4280–4285.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Ranga K, Krishnan R . Clinical experience with substance P receptor (NK1) antagonists in depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63 (Suppl 11): 25–29.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Kramer MS, Cutler N, Feighner J, Shrivastava R, Carman J, Sramek JJ et al. Distinct mechanism for antidepressant activity by blockade of central substance P receptors. Science 1998; 281: 1640–1645.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Ogden CA, Rich ME, Schork NJ, Paulus MP, Geyer MA, Lohr JB et al. Candidate genes, pathways and mechanisms for bipolar (manic-depressive) and related disorders: an expanded convergent functional genomics approach. Mol Psychiatry 2004; 9: 1007–1029.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Gadd CA, Murtra P, De Felipe C, Hunt SP . Neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing neurons in the amygdala modulate morphine reward and anxiety behaviors in the mouse. J Neurosci 2003; 23: 8271–8280.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Quinn JP, Fiskerstrand CE, Gerrard L, MacKenzie A, Payne CM . Molecular models to analyse preprotachykinin-A expression and function. Neuropeptides 2000; 34: 292–302.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Walker PD, Andrade R, Quinn JP, Bannon MJ . Real-time analysis of preprotachykinin promoter activity in single cortical neurons. J Neurochem 2000; 75: 882–885.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Hilton KJ, Bateson AN, King AE . A model of organotypic rat spinal slice culture and biolistic transfection to elucidate factors that drive the preprotachykinin-A promoter. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2004; 46: 191–203.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Harmar AJ, Mulderry PK, al-Shawi R, Lyons V, Sheward WJ, Bishop JO et al. 3.3 kb of 5′ flanking DNA from the rat preprotachykinin gene directs high level expression of a reporter gene in microinjected dorsal root ganglion neurons but not in transgenic mice. Regul Peptides 1993; 46: 67–69.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Millward-Sadler SJ, Mackenzie A, Wright MO, Lee HS, Elliot K, Gerrard L et al. Tachykinin expression in cartilage and function in human articular chondrocyte mechanotransduction. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 146–156.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• MacKenzie A, Quinn J . A yeast artificial chromosome containing the human preprotachykinin-A gene expresses substance P in mice and drives appropriate marker gene expression during early brain embryogenesis. Mol Cell Neurosci 2002; 19: 72–87.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• MacKenzie A, Payne C, Boyle S, Clarke AR, Quinn JP . The human preprotachykinin-A gene promoter has been highly conserved and can drive human-like marker gene expression in the adult mouse CNS. Mol Cell Neurosci 2000; 16: 620–630.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Ovcharenko I, Nobrega MA, Loots GG, Stubbs L . ECR Browser: a tool for visualizing and accessing data from comparisons of multiple vertebrate genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 32 (Web Server Issue): W280–W286.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Matys V, Fricke E, Geffers R, Gossling E, Haubrock M, Hehl R et al. TRANSFAC: transcriptional regulation, from patterns to profiles. Nucleic Acids Res 2003; 31: 374–378.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Yee SP, Rigby PW . The regulation of myogenin gene expression during the embryonic development of the mouse. Genes Dev 1993; 7: 1277–1289.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• MacKenzie A, Purdie L, Davidson D, Collinson M, Hill RE . Two enhancer domains control early aspects of the complex expression pattern of Msx1. Mech Dev 1997; 62: 29–40.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• MacKenzie A, Quinn J . A serotonin transporter gene intron 2 polymorphic region, correlated with affective disorders, has allele-dependent differential enhancer- like properties in the mouse embryo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 15251–15255.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Hogan B, Beddington R, Constantini F, Lacy E . Manipulating the Mouse Embryo. Cold Spring Harbor Laborotory Press: New York, 1995.
  Google Scholar
• Wallis JW, Aerts J, Groenen MA, Crooijmans RP, Layman D, Graves TA et al. A physical map of the chicken genome. Nature 2004; 432: 761–764.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Pevzner P, Tesler G . Genome rearrangements in mammalian evolution: lessons from human and mouse genomes. Genome Res 2003; 13: 37–45.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Mackenzie A, Miller KA, Collinson JM . Is there a functional link between gene interdigitation and multi-species conservation of synteny blocks? Bioessays 2004; 26: 1217–1224.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Fogel GB, Weekes DG, Varga G, Dow ER, Craven AM, Harlow HB et al. A statistical analysis of the TRANSFAC database. Biosystems 2005; 81: 137–154.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Sun P, Loh HH . Transcriptional regulation of mouse delta-opioid receptor gene: role of Ets-1 in the transcriptional activation of mouse delta-opioid receptor gene. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 45462–45469.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Toresson H, Parmar M, Campbell K . Expression of Meis and Pbx genes and their protein products in the developing telencephalon: implications for regional differentiation. Mech Dev 2000; 94: 183–187.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Spector TD, MacGregor AJ . Risk factors for osteoarthritis: genetics. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2004; 12 (Suppl A): S39–S44.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Blumenthal MN . The role of genetics in the development of asthma and atopy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 5: 141–145.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Brant SR, Shugart YY . Inflammatory bowel disease gene hunting by linkage analysis: rationale, methodology, and present status of the field. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004; 10: 300–311.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Malhi GS, Moore J, McGuffin P . The genetics of major depressive disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2000; 2: 165–169.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Morley M, Molony CM, Weber TM, Devlin JL, Ewens KG, Spielman RS et al. Genetic analysis of genome-wide variation in human gene expression. Nature 2004; 430: 743–747.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Pastinen T, Hudson TJ . Cis-acting regulatory variation in the human genome. Science 2004; 306: 647–650.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Wittkopp PJ, Haerum BK, Clark AG . Evolutionary changes in cis and trans gene regulation. Nature 2004; 430: 85–88.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Santini S, Boore JL, Meyer A . Evolutionary conservation of regulatory elements in vertebrate hox gene clusters. Genome Res 2003; 13: 1111–1122.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Tullai JW, Schaffer ME, Mullenbrock S, Kasif S, Cooper GM . Identification of transcription factor binding sites upstream of human genes regulated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 20167–20177.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Lee SK, Choi YS, Cha J, Moon EJ, Lee SW, Bae MK et al. Identification of novel anti-angiogenic factors by in silico functional gene screening method. J Biotechnol 2003; 105: 51–60.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Honkaniemi J, Kainu T, Ceccatelli S, Rechardt L, Hokfelt T, Pelto-Huikko M . Fos and jun in rat central amygdaloid nucleus and paraventricular nucleus after stress. Neuroreport 1992; 3: 849–852.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Arnold FJ, De Lucas Bueno M, Shiers H, Hancock DC, Evan GI, Herbert J . Expression of c-fos in regions of the basal limbic forebrain following intracerebroventricular corticotropin-releasing factor in unstressed or stressed male rats. Neuroscience 1992; 51: 377–390.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Honkaniemi J, Pelto-Huikko M, Rechardt L, Isola J, Lammi A, Fuxe K et al. Colocalization of peptide and glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactivities in rat central amygdaloid nucleus. Neuroendocrinology 1992; 55: 451–459.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Sterneck E, Johnson PF . CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta is a neuronal transcriptional regulator activated by nerve growth factor receptor signaling. J Neurochem 1998; 70: 2424–2433.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Moskow JJ, Bullrich F, Huebner K, Daar IO, Buchberg AM . Meis1, a PBX1-related homeobox gene involved in myeloid leukemia in BXH-2 mice. Mol Cell Biol 1995; 15: 5434–5443.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Hisa T, Spence SE, Rachel RA, Fujita M, Nakamura T, Ward JM et al. Hematopoietic, angiogenic and eye defects in Meis1 mutant animals. EMBO J 2004; 23: 450–459.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Shen WF, Montgomery JC, Rozenfeld S, Moskow JJ, Lawrence HJ, Buchberg AM et al. AbdB-like Hox proteins stabilize DNA binding by the Meis1 homeodomain proteins. Mol Cell Biol 1997; 17: 6448–6458.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Saleh M, Huang H, Green NC, Featherstone MS . A conformational change in PBX1A is necessary for its nuclear localization. Exp Cell Res 2000; 260: 105–115.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Rieckhof GE, Casares F, Ryoo HD, Abu-Shaar M, Mann RS . Nuclear translocation of extradenticle requires homothorax, which encodes an extradenticle-related homeodomain protein. Cell 1997; 91: 171–183.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Koh MT, Bernstein IL . Inhibition of protein kinase A activity during conditioned taste aversion retrieval: interference with extinction or reconsolidation of a memory? Neuroreport 2003; 14: 405–407.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Goosens KA, Holt W, Maren S . A role for amygdaloid PKA and PKC in the acquisition of long-term conditional fear memories in rats. Behav Brain Res 2000; 114: 145–152.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Adler JE, Walker PD . Cyclic AMP regulates substance P expression in developing and mature spinal sensory neurons. J Neurosci Res 2000; 59: 624–631.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Huang H, Rastegar M, Bodner C, Goh SL, Rambaldi I, Featherstone M . MEIS C termini harbor transcriptional activation domains that respond to cell signaling. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 10119–10127.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Bischof LJ, Kagawa N, Moskow JJ, Takahashi Y, Iwamatsu A, Buchberg AM et al. Members of the meis1 and pbx homeodomain protein families cooperatively bind a cAMP-responsive sequence (CRS1) from bovine CYP17. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 7941–7948.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Schmidt EE, Schibler U . Cell size regulation, a mechanism that controls cellular RNA accumulation: consequences on regulation of the ubiquitous transcription factors Oct1 and NF-Y and the liver-enriched transcription factor DBP. J Cell Biol 1995; 128: 467–483.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Cote F, Schussler N, Boularand S, Peirotes A, Thevenot E, Mallet J et al. Involvement of NF-Y and Sp1 in basal and cAMP-stimulated transcriptional activation of the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) gene in the pineal gland. J Neurochem 2002; 81: 673–685.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Schwaninger M, Petersen N, Prinz S, Sallmann S, Neher M, Spranger M . Adenosine-induced expression of interleukin-6 in astrocytes through protein kinase A and NF-IL-6. Glia 2000; 31: 51–58.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Yokoyama M, Suzuki E, Sato T, Maruta S, Watanabe S, Miyaoka H . Amygdalic levels of dopamine and serotonin rise upon exposure to conditioned fear stress without elevation of glutamate. Neurosci Lett 2005; 379: 37–41.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Weiner DM, Levey AI, Sunahara RK, Niznik HB, O'Dowd BF, Seeman P et al. D1 and D2 dopamine receptor mRNA in rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88: 1859–1863.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Waddington JL, O'Tuathaigh C, O'Sullivan G, Tomiyama K, Koshikawa N, Croke DT . Phenotypic studies on dopamine receptor subtype and associated signal transduction mutants: insights and challenges from 10 years at the psychopharmacology-molecular biology interface. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005; 1–28.
• Cornea-Hebert V, Riad M, Wu C, Singh SK, Descarries L . Cellular and subcellular distribution of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor in the central nervous system of adult rat. J Comp Neurol 1999; 409: 187–209.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Duxon MS, Flanigan TP, Reavley AC, Baxter GS, Blackburn TP, Fone KC . Evidence for expression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-2B receptor protein in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience 1997; 76: 323–329.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Sah P, Lopez De Armentia M . Excitatory synaptic transmission in the lateral and central amygdala. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003; 985: 67–77.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Walker DL, Davis M . The role of amygdala glutamate receptors in fear learning, fear-potentiated startle, and extinction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002; 71: 379–392.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Bird GC, Lash LL, Han JS, Zou X, Willis WD, Neugebauer V . Protein kinase A-dependent enhanced NMDA receptor function in pain-related synaptic plasticity in rat amygdala neurones. J Physiol 2005; 564 (Part 3): 907–921.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Roozendaal B, Quirarte GL, McGaugh JL . Glucocorticoids interact with the basolateral amygdala beta-adrenoceptor--cAMP/cAMP/PKA system in influencing memory consolidation. Eur J Neurosci 2002; 15: 553–560.
  Article PubMed Google Scholar
• Quartara L, Maggi CA . The tachykinin NK1 receptor. Part I: ligands and mechanisms of cellular activation. Neuropeptides 1997; 31: 537–563.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Hoover DB, Chang Y, Hancock JC, Zhang L . Actions of tachykinins within the heart and their relevance to cardiovascular disease. Jpn J Pharmacol 2000; 84: 367–373.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Butcher JW, De Felipe C, Smith AJ, Hunt SP, Paton JF . Comparison of cardiorespiratory reflexes in NK1 receptor knockout, heterozygous and wild-type mice in vivo. J Auton Nerv Syst 1998; 69: 89–95.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Saria A . The tachykinin NK1 receptor in the brain: pharmacology and putative functions. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 375: 51–60.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Mantyh PW . Neurobiology of substance P and the NK1 receptor. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63 (Suppl 11): 6–10.
  CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Maggi CA . The effects of tachykinins on inflammatory and immune cells. Regul Pept 1997; 70: 75–90.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Chernajovsky Y, Gould DJ, Podhajcer OL . Gene therapy for autoimmune diseases: quo vadis? Nat Rev Immunol 2004; 4: 800–811.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Cao YQ, Mantyh PW, Carlson EJ, Gillespie AM, Epstein CJ, Basbaum AI . Primary afferent tachykinins are required to experience moderate to intense pain [see comments]. Nature 1998; 392: 390–394.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
• Zimmer A, Zimmer AM, Baffi J, Usdin T, Reynolds K, Konig M et al. Hypoalgesia in mice with a targeted deletion of the tachykinin 1 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 2630–2635.
  Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Hokfelt T, Pernow B, Wahren J . Substance P: a pioneer amongst neuropeptides. J Intern Med 2001; 249: 27–40.
  Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar